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Definition of ecotourism

Examples of ecotourism in a sentence.

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'ecotourism.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

1980, in the meaning defined above

Dictionary Entries Near ecotourism

ecotoxicology

Cite this Entry

“Ecotourism.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ecotourism. Accessed 20 Apr. 2024.

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Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about ecotourism

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What Is Ecotourism?

Conservation, offering market-linked long-term solutions, ecotourism provides effective economic incentives for conserving and enhancing bio-cultural diversity and helps protect the natural and cultural heritage of our beautiful planet., communities, by increasing local capacity building and employment opportunities, ecotourism is an effective vehicle for empowering local communities around the world to fight against poverty and to achieve sustainable development., interpretation, with an emphasis on enriching personal experiences and environmental awareness through interpretation, ecotourism promotes greater understanding and appreciation for nature, local society, and culture., the definition., ecotourism is now defined as “responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and involves interpretation and education” (ties, 2015). education is meant to be inclusive of both staff and guests., principles of ecotourism, ecotourism is about uniting conservation, communities, and sustainable travel. this means that those who implement, participate in and market ecotourism activities should adopt the following ecotourism principles:.

• Minimize physical, social, behavioral, and psychological impacts.
• Build environmental and cultural awareness and respect.
• Provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts.
• Provide direct financial benefits for conservation.
• Generate financial benefits for both local people and private industry.
• Deliver memorable interpretative experiences to visitors that help raise sensitivity to host countries’ political, environmental, and social climates.
• Design, construct and operate low-impact facilities.
• Recognize the rights and spiritual beliefs of the Indigenous People in your community and work in partnership with them to create empowerment.

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A Complete Guide To Understanding Ecotourism

Terms like ecotourism, green tourism, and sustainable tourism have been popping up in discussions easily, and unfortunately, they are being used interchangeably. Here, we will take a look at what is ecotourism and what are the principles of ecotourism.

Over the years, ecotourism has been gaining a lot of importance, especially considering that more and more travellers are looking to be more responsible and follow environment-friendly practices. However, many are still not clear about exactly what is ecotourism or the principles of ecotourism. There is a misconception that ecotourism, green tourism, and sustainable tourism are the same thing, and while they all promote responsible tourism, they all mean different things and have different scopes.

In this article, while trying to give a deeper understanding of what is ecotourism, we will give you information about ecotourism like the meaning of ecotourism, ecotourism tourism definition, and the principles of ecotourism. By the end of this article, we hope you will have a clearer understanding of the term and its evolution.

Also read: What is the difference between eco tourism, green tourism and sustainable tourism?

What Is Ecotourism?

Eco-tourism or ecological tourism has been defined as “responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and involves interpretation and education” by The International Ecotourism Society (TIES, 2015). To answer the question “What is ecotourism?” in a simpler way, it is a form of tourism that is about going out into the natural world and is more about what you do in a place than where you stay. It is more than just travelling around the whole world and sightseeing.

It is the kind of tourism where fragile and/or pristine natural environments are visited in a way that the impact of the visit is minimised. The environment and local communities should benefit in such a way that the latter is motivated to keep the local environment pristine.

Another way to explain what is ecotourism is to say that it involves travel to places where flora, fauna, and cultural heritage are the main attractions. It supports conservation efforts through the education of tourists, giving them an insight into the human impact on the environment, and helping them gain a better appreciation of natural habitats. It may also benefit the environment through direct investment in conservation efforts.

Also read: 10 simple ways to become a responsible traveller

History Of Ecotourism

Although the term ecotourism has been gaining popularity in recent years, it is not a new concept. However, there is no clarity as to the origins of the term as there are several different claims as to when it came into use.

Some claim that the term ecotourism was popularised by Hector Ceballos-Lascurian, who also claimed to have coined the term in the year 1983. This is when he was in the dual role of founding president of PRONATURA (an influential Mexican conservationist NGO) and Director General of Standards and Technology of SEDUE (the Mexican Ministry of Urban Development and Ecology). To him, ecotourism meant travelling to undisturbed areas to enjoy the natural beauty and culture. Later, in 1984, he founded ECOTOURS, Mexico’s first ecotourism agency. Ceballos-Lascurian even served as an Ecotourism Advisor to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and the United Nations World Tourism Organisation for many years.

Some others claim that the term was coined in 1965 by Claus-Dieter (Nick) Hetzer, who was an academic and adventurer from the Forum International, Berkeley, USA. He is also believed to have run the first eco-tours in Yucatán in the early 1970s.

[What is an eco-tour?: Tours that involve visits to scenic or remote natural areas and are designed to minimise negative impacts on the environment and local inhabitants.]

There is another claim that eco tourism originated even earlier, in 1901 in fact, with the Sierra Club’s Outing program. These were annual expeditions that took hikers into the Sierra Nevada’s backcountry, showing them its natural wonders so that they could actively work for the preservation of the forests.

Over the past decades, there have been many icons of ecotourism and now, this form of tourism has been gaining a lot of importance. Ecotourism is considered to be one of the fastest-growing tourism sectors in the industry (about 5 percent annually) and there are no signs of it slowing down, even though more traditional forms of tourism have seen a stagnation.

Principles Of Ecotourism

Now that we have seen what is ecotourism and taken a look at its history, we will go over the principles that guide the ecotourism industry. Ecotourism is essentially about bringing together communities, conservation, and sustainable travel.

Many tour packages are being classified as “eco-tours” even though they do not emphasise conservation, education, or social and cultural participation, and low impact on the places visited. Therefore, to help you understand which tours are actually eco-tours, here are the principles of ecotourism:

1. Building Environmental And Cultural Awareness And Respect

The major focus of ecotourism is to sensitise people towards environmental issues, improve awareness, and encourage people to be conscious of the effect on the places they visit. Following this principle, a few tour operators create educational programs on conservation for local schools. Interpretive guides, naturalists, and guest lecturers are also offered by other operators to help visitors get a deeper understanding of their experiences. Some operators also offer immersive interactions with local cultures (that are becoming more common) that emphasise proper interactions instead of a usual performer-audience relationship.

2. Minimize Physical, Social, Behavioural, And Psychological Impacts By Operating Low-Impact Eco Tours

The ecotourism industry’s focus is sustainability, and minimising the negative impact that conventional tourism leaves on the environment. Over time, however, the concept has evolved to include making a positive impact, rather than merely having a neutral impact on the environment and the locals. Maintaining small groups and avoiding under-managed or over-visited destinations is a good way to minimise the impact of the group on the areas visited.

3. Provide Direct Financial Benefits For Conservation

One of the main objectives of ecotourism is to help local conservation efforts by inviting financial benefits. Visiting national parks is one way for tourists to contribute towards the conservation of nature and wildlife. When ecotourism gains more importance and practitioners, more revenue generation opportunities are created that are environmentally better alternatives to urbanisation, deforestation, unsustainable agriculture, and poaching.

Also read: How to be a more responsible wildlife tourist

4. Generate Financial Benefits For Locals And Private Industry

Another important principle of ecotourism is the generation of financial benefits for local communities. Through direct or indirect means, locals must get the financial benefits of eco-tourism. This could be through tours, admission fees, donations, and taxes on travel and accommodation. Community tours are a good way to generate financial benefits for local communities.

5. Deliver Memorable Interpretative Experiences For The Visitors

Although ecotourism is geared towards reducing a negative impact on the environment and the local communities and generating a positive impact on the same, it doesn’t mean that the tours have to be all about work. Any tour (conventional or not) should be designed in such a way that visitors should enjoy their trip. If the eco-tours are tough and/or too boring, there is a fair chance that many may start losing interest in more responsible tour packages, thereby having a negative impact on the communities that depend on these tours.

6. Recognise The Rights And Spiritual Beliefs Of The Indigenous People And Work With Them

Tourists who are part of eco-tours are encouraged to respect the rights and spiritual beliefs of the locals/indigenous population of the destinations instead of just getting in their faces and taking their photos without their permission. Like any other individual, the local communities value their privacy and it would always be better to first interact and have meaningful conversations with them and, only once permission is received, take a picture of them.

Beware Of Greenwashing!

While you are in safe waters when you practice ecotourism, sustainable tourism, or responsible (all of which are eco-friendly), you must always be careful of tour operators and tourism companies that only pretend to be eco-friendly in order to attract more business, a practice widely known as greenwashing. A good way to make sure that the company or tour operator to whom you are giving your business is legitimately eco-friendly, you will have to do a bit of digging and gathering of all the facts. Once you are convinced that the company is legitimate, go ahead and book your eco-tour and contribute to a better and happier world.

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• Feb 11, 2023

What is Eco Travel? Everything You Need to Know

What is eco travel? Find out everything you need to know in this article, including how you can be a more sustainable traveler.

Travel has the power to connect us to new cultures, landscapes, and experiences. However, it's important to consider the impact that our travel can have on the environment and local communities.

That's where eco travel comes in - it's a way to explore the world while minimizing our impact on the planet. But what exactly is eco travel?

In this article, we'll delve into everything you need to know about eco travel, from its definition to the benefits it provides and the steps you can take to make your own travels more sustainable.

Jump Ahead: Everything You Need to Know About Eco Travel

What is Eco Travel?

The importance of sustainable travel.

How Does Eco Travel Differ from Traditional Travel?

What Are the Benefits of Eco Travel?

How Can I Travel More Sustainably?

Eco travel, also known as sustainable travel, is a type of travel that minimizes its impact on the environment and local communities.

It involves being mindful of how our travels affect the world around us and taking steps to reduce the negative impact while enhancing the positive.

Eco travel is not just about the destination, but also about the journey and the way we interact with the world during our travels.

As more people take to the roads, skies, and seas to explore the world, the impact of tourism is becoming increasingly apparent. From overcrowding and damage to natural habitats to exploitation of local communities and cultures, the impact of traditional travel practices cannot be ignored.

By choosing eco travel, we have the opportunity to reduce our impact and help preserve the world's most precious places for future generations.

How Eco Travel Differs from Traditional Travel

Eco travel is different from traditional travel in several key ways. While traditional travel may prioritize convenience, speed, and comfort, eco travel prioritizes sustainability and the protection of the environment and local communities.

Eco travelers may choose to stay in sustainable accommodations, take low-carbon transportation options, support local businesses, and engage in responsible tourism activities.

These actions help to reduce the environmental impact of travel and support sustainable development in destination communities.

The Benefits of Eco Travel

Eco travel has numerous benefits, both for the traveler and the world around them.

Firstly, it has a positive impact on the environment and local communities, preserving the natural beauty and cultural heritage of destinations for future generations.

Secondly, eco travel can enhance the travel experience itself, offering opportunities for more authentic, meaningful, and immersive encounters with new places and cultures.

Finally, eco travel can have a profound personal impact, helping travelers to develop new perspectives and connect more deeply with the world.

Whether it's learning about sustainable practices, supporting local businesses, or engaging in responsible tourism activities, eco travel can be a truly transformative experience for those who embrace it.

Steps to Make Your Travel More Sustainable

Making your travel more sustainable doesn't have to be complicated. By following a few simple steps, you can minimize your impact and help to protect the environment and local communities.

1. Research Before You Go

Before you even set foot on a plane, train, or bus, do some research on your destination. Learn about local customs and cultures, sustainable practices, and environmentally-friendly options for transportation, accommodation, and activities. This research can help you make informed decisions and minimize your impact.

2. Use Public Transportation or Low-Carbon Alternatives

Where possible, opt for public transportation or low-carbon alternatives such as cycling or walking. Not only will this help to reduce your carbon footprint, but it can also offer a more immersive and authentic travel experience.

3. Support Sustainable Businesses and Practices

Look for accommodations and activities that prioritize sustainability and have a positive impact on the environment and local communities. By supporting these businesses, you can help to promote sustainable practices and encourage other travelers to do the same.

4. Reduce Waste and Minimize Plastic Use

Minimize your waste and reduce your plastic use during your travels. This can include bringing your own water bottle, avoiding single-use plastics, and properly disposing of waste.

5. Engage in Responsible Tourism Activities

Consider engaging in responsible tourism activities, such as volunteering, conservation efforts, or cultural exchange programs. These experiences can be incredibly rewarding and help to promote sustainability in destination communities.

6. Stay at Eco-Friendly Hotels

Another way to become a more sustainable traveler is to stay at eco-friendly hotels. Some accommodations are certified with organizations that recognize those companies that are taking measures to reduce their impact. Certifications like those from Green Globe, Earth Check, and Green Key mean that your hotel is doing a lot more than those without.

Eco travel is a growing trend that offers numerous benefits for travelers and the world around them. By embracing sustainable practices and minimizing our impact, we can help to preserve the beauty and cultural heritage of destinations for future generations.

Whether it's researching before you go, using low-carbon alternatives, supporting sustainable businesses, reducing waste, or engaging in responsible tourism activities, there are many ways to make your travels more sustainable.

With a little effort, we can all be part of the solution and help to create a better world for ourselves and those who come after us. So why not make eco travel a priority on your next adventure and see the world in a whole new light?

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What Is Ecotourism? Definition, Examples, and Pros and Cons

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Ecotourism Definition and Principles

Pros and cons.

• Examples of Ecotourism
• Frequently Asked Questions

Ecotourism is about more than simply visiting natural attractions or natural places; it’s about doing so in a responsible and sustainable manner. The term itself refers to traveling to natural areas with a focus on environmental conservation. The goal is to educate tourists about conservation efforts while offering them the chance to explore nature.

Ecotourism has benefited destinations like Madagascar, Ecuador, Kenya, and Costa Rica, and has helped provide economic growth in some of the world’s most impoverished communities. The global ecotourism market produced $92.2 billion in 2019 and is forecasted to generate $103.8 billion by 2027.

A conservationist by the name of Hector Ceballos-Lascurain is often credited with the first definition of ecotourism in 1987, that is, “tourism that consists in travelling to relatively undisturbed or uncontaminated natural areas with the specific object of studying, admiring and enjoying the scenery and its wild plants and animals, as well as any existing cultural manifestations (both past and present) found in these areas.”

The International Ecotourism Society (TIES), a non-profit organization dedicated to the development of ecotourism since 1990, defines ecotourism as “responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and involves interpretation and education [both in its staff and its guests].”

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) looks at ecotourism as a significant tool for conservation, though it shouldn’t be seen as a fix-all when it comes to conservation challenges:

“There may be some areas that are just not appropriate for ecotourism development and some businesses that just won’t work in the larger tourism market. That is why it is so important to understand the basics of developing and running a successful business, to ensure that your business idea is viable and will be profitable, allowing it to most effectively benefit the surrounding environment and communities.”

Marketing an ecosystem, species, or landscape towards ecotourists helps create value, and that value can help raise funds to protect and conserve those natural resources.

Sustainable ecotourism should be guided by three core principles: conservation, communities, and education.

Conservation

Conservation is arguably the most important component of ecotourism because it should offer long-term, sustainable solutions to enhancing and protecting biodiversity and nature. This is typically achieved through economic incentives paid by tourists seeking a nature-based experience, but can also come from the tourism organizations themselves, research, or direct environmental conservation efforts.

Communities

Ecotourism should increase employment opportunities and empower local communities, helping in the fight against global social issues like poverty and achieving sustainable development.

Interpretation

One of the most overlooked aspects of ecotourism is the education component. Yes, we all want to see these beautiful, natural places, but it also pays to learn about them. Increasing awareness about environmental issues and promoting a greater understanding and appreciation for nature is arguably just as important as conservation.

As one of the fastest growing sectors of the tourism industry, there are bound to be some downsides to ecotourism. Whenever humans interact with animals or even with the environment, it risks the chance of human-wildlife conflict or other negative effects; if done so with respect and responsibility in mind, however, ecotourism can reap enormous benefits to protected areas.

As an industry that relies heavily on the presentation of eco-friendly components to attract customers, ecotourism has the inevitable potential as a vessel for greenwashing. Part of planning a trip rooted in ecotourism is doing research to ensure that an organization is truly providing substantial benefits to the environment rather than exploiting it.

Ecotourism Can Provide Sustainable Income for Local Communities

Sustainably managed ecotourism can support poverty alleviation by providing employment for local communities, which can offer them alternative means of livelihood outside of unsustainable ones (such as poaching).

Research published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that communities in regions surrounding conservation areas in Costa Rica had poverty rates that were 16% lower than in areas that weren’t near protected parks. These protected areas didn’t just benefit from conservation funds due to ecotourism, but also helped to reduce poverty as well.

It Protects Natural Ecosystems

Ecotourism offers unique travel experiences focusing on nature and education, with an emphasis on sustainability and highlighting threatened or endangered species. It combines conservation with local communities and sustainable travel , highlighting principles (and operations) that minimize negative impacts and expose visitors to unique ecosystems and natural areas. When managed correctly, ecotourism can benefit both the traveler and the environment, since the money that goes into ecotourism often goes directly towards protecting the natural areas they visit.

Each year, researchers release findings on how tourist presence affects wildlife, sometimes with varying results. A study measuring levels of the stress hormone cortisol in wild habituated Malaysian orangutans found that the animals were not chronically stressed by the presence of ecotourists. The orangutans lived in the Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, where a local community-managed organization operates while maintaining strict guidelines to protect them.

Ecotourism May Also Hurt Those Same Natural Ecosystems

Somewhat ironically, sometimes ecotourism can hurt ecosystems just as much as it can help. Another study in the journal Trends in Ecology and Evolution found that ecotourism can alter animal behaviors in ways that put them at risk. If the presence of humans changes the way animals behave, those changes may make them more vulnerable by influencing their reaction to predators or poachers.

It's not just the animals who are at risk. As ecotourism activities become too popular, it can lead to the construction of new infrastructure to accommodate more visitors. Similarly, more crowds mean more pressure on local resources, increased pollution, and a higher chance of damaging the soil and plant quality through erosion. On the social side, these activities may displace Indigenous groups or local communities from their native lands, preventing them from benefiting from the economic opportunities of tourism.

Ecotourism Offers the Opportunity to Experience Nature

Renown conservationist Jane Goodall has a famous quote: “Only if we understand, will we care. Only if we care, will we help. Only if we help, shall all be saved.” It can be difficult to understand something that we haven’t seen with our own eyes, and ecotourism gives travelers the opportunity to gain new experiences in natural areas while learning about the issues they face. 

Ecotourism also educates children about nature, potentially creating new generations of nature lovers that could someday become conservationists themselves. Even adult visitors may learn new ways to improve their ecological footprints .

EXAMPLES OF ECOTOURISM

The East African country has some competitive advantages over its neighbors thanks to its rich natural resources, paired with the fact that it has allocated over 25% of its total area to wildlife national parks and protected areas. Because of this, an estimated 90% of tourists visit to Tanzania seeking out ecotourism activities. Ecotourism, in turn, supports 400,000 jobs and accounts for 17.2% of the national GDP, earning about $1 billion each year as its leading economic sector.

Some of Tanzania’s biggest highlights include the Serengeti, Mount Kilimanjaro , and Zanzibar, though the country still often goes overlooked by American tourists. Visitors can take a walking safari tour in the famous Ngorongoro Conservation area, for example, with fees going to support the local Maasai community.

The country is also known for its chimpanzees , and there are several ecotourism opportunities in Gombe National Park that go directly towards protecting chimpanzee habitats.

Galapagos Islands

It comes as no surprise that the place first made famous by legendary naturalist Charles Darwin would go on to become one of the most sought-after ecotourism destinations on Earth, the Galapagos Islands .

The Directorate of the Galapagos National Park and the Ecuadorian Ministry of Tourism require tour providers to conserve water and energy, recycle waste, source locally produced goods, hire local employees with a fair wage, and offer employees additional training. A total of 97% of the land area on the Galapagos is part of the official national park, and all of its 330 islands have been divided into zones that are either completely free of human impact, protected restoration areas, or reduced impact zones adjacent to tourist-friendly areas.

Local authorities still have to be on their toes, however, since UNESCO lists increased tourism as one of the main threats facing the Galapagos today. The bulk of funding for the conservation and management of the archipelago comes from a combination of governmental institutions and entry fees paid by tourists.

Costa Rica is well-known throughout the world for its emphasis on nature-based tourism, from its numerous animal sanctuaries to its plethora of national parks and reserves. Programs like its “Ecological Blue Flag” program help inform tourists of beaches that have maintained a strict set of eco-friendly criteria.

The country’s forest cover went from 26% in 1983 to over 52% in 2021 thanks to the government’s decision to create more protected areas and promote ecotourism in the country . Now, over a quarter of its total land area is zoned as protected territory.

Costa Rica welcomes 1.7 million travelers per year, and most of them come to experience the country’s vibrant wildlife and diverse ecosystems. Its numerous biological reserves and protected parks hold some of the most extraordinary biodiversity on Earth, so the country takes special care to keep environmental conservation high on its list of priorities. 

New Zealand

In 2019, tourism generated $16.2 billion, or 5.8% of the GDP, in New Zealand. That same year, 8.4% of its citizens were employed in the tourism industry, and tourists generated $3.8 billion in tax revenue.

The country offers a vast number of ecotourism experiences, from animal sanctuaries to natural wildlife on land, sea, and even natural caves. New Zealand’s South Pacific environment, full of sights like glaciers and volcanic landscapes, is actually quite fragile, so the government puts a lot of effort into keeping it safe.

Tongariro National Park, for example, is the oldest national park in the country, and has been named by UNESCO as one of only 28 mixed cultural and natural World Heritage Sites. Its diverse volcanic landscapes and the cultural heritage of the indigenous Maori tribes within the create the perfect combination of community, education, and conservation.

How to Be a Responsible Ecotourist

• Ensure that the organizations you hire provide financial contributions to benefit conservation and find out where your money is going.
• Ask about specific steps the organization takes to protect the environment where they operate, such as recycling or promoting sustainable policies.
• Find out if they include the local community in their activities, such as hiring local guides, giving back, or through initiatives to empower the community.
• Make sure there are educational elements to the program. Does the organization take steps to respect the destination’s culture as well as its biodiversity?
• See if your organization is connected to a non-profit or charity like the International Ecotourism Society .
• Understand that wildlife interactions should be non-invasive and avoid negative impacts on the animals.

Ecotourism activities typically involve visiting and enjoying a natural place without disturbing the landscape or its inhabitants. This might involve going for a hike on a forest trail, mountain biking, surfing, bird watching, camping, or forest bathing . 

Traveling in a way that minimizes carbon emissions, like taking a train or bike instead of flying, may also be part of an ecotourism trip. Because these modes of travel tend to be slower, they may be appreciated as enjoyable and relaxing ecotourism activities.

The Wolf Conservation Center ’s programing in New York State is an example of ecotourism. This non-profit organization is dedicated to the preservation of endangered wolf species. It hosts educational sessions that allow visitors to observe wolves from a safe distance. These programs help to fund the nonprofit organization’s conservation and wildlife rehabilitation efforts.

Stonehouse, Bernard. " Ecotourism ." Environmental Geology: Encyclopedia of Earth Science , 1999, doi:10.1007/1-4020-4494-1_101

" What is Ecotourism? " The International Ecotourism Society .

" Tourism ." International Union for Conservation of Nature .

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" Galapagos Islands ." UNESCO .

" About Costa Rica ." Embassy of Costa Rica in Washington DC .

https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/tourism-satellite-account-2019

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Explainer: What Is Ecotourism?

The world has slowly become more connected over time. People take an interest in other cultures and want to experience them themselves. Traveling is an exciting part of life because it broadens your horizons and provides excellent educational opportunities, but how can you do so sustainably? To celebrate World Tourism Day 2023 under the theme “Tourism and green investment”, we dive deep into the world of ecotourism and explore new and innovative solutions to promote the movement of people around the world. 

What Is Ecotourism?

Ecotourism involves traveling sustainably. When you vacation, domestically or abroad, you stay conscious of the environment as much as possible. Ecotourists try to limit their carbon footprint and support local ecosystems by contributing positively. For example, they could eat at a local restaurant or refrain from using plastic on their trip. Ecotourism has become critical as people try to expand their worldview while staying environmentally conscious. 

Why Should You Practice Ecotourism?

Tourism is vital for many communities worldwide. Vacationers spend their money to help small businesses thrive and to stimulate local economies. However, tourism can negatively impact the environment. A 2022 study found that tourism is responsible for nearly 8% of the world’s carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, most of which came from food and waste management. 

The pandemic hit the tourism industry with a steep 74% decline in international travel. Many countries had lockdowns in place to prevent COVID-19 transmission from foreign places. While this contributed to a significant drop in carbon emissions in 2020, tourist-dependent nations suffered huge economic losses.

Three years after the first case was detected in Wuhan, China, the pandemic is finally winding down and international travel is resuming, with air traffic set to reach 2019 levels soon. Last year saw a 153% increase in air travel compared to 2021 and about 62% pre-pandemic levels. In 2023, air traffic is expected to continue rising as most countries lift restrictions.

The bounce-back of tourism means the same will happen in terms of emissions. In 2022, GHG emissions increased by 7% in the first quarter compared to 2020. 

It is critical to practice ecotourism as global warming becomes more apparent. You’ll benefit from learning and becoming a better friend to the environment. Implementing ecotourism comes with many benefits:

• Educate yourself: The most significant benefit of ecotourism is educating yourself on environmental issues. If you find ways to be environmentally conscious on your trip, you are more likely to repeat those behaviors at home. Reading literature and research from scientists puts into perspective how the planet needs your help to survive.
• Protect resources: Sustainable travel means using natural and renewable resources to improve the planet’s health. You’re protecting the environment around you from the negative impacts of travel. If you believe in leaving something better than when you found it, ecotourism is the way to go.
• Help economies: Practicing ecotourism means other vacationers behind you also get to enjoy a clean environment . One way is by spending your money at local businesses. These shops are the heart of communities and give the location its remarkable personality. Patronising these companies helps them grow and continue their services for future visitors.

How Can You Be Mindful on Vacation?

It’s challenging to be perfect regarding your carbon footprint when traveling, but there are ways to limit your environmental impact abroad and contribute positively to the area. These five ways show how you can be a mindful ecotourist on your next trip. 

1. Research Ecotourism Locations

Ecotourism starts before you travel. Research as thoroughly as possible to see what destinations are the most conducive to ecotourism and find ways to be an ecotourist at the location. For example, you could look for hotels with biophilic designs. These spaces combine buildings with nature to maintain a connection with the environment. You may see natural materials like hardwood , stones, and trees inside the facility.  

Ecotourism means accounting for your environmental impact, but you should also examine how the area cares about green practices. When planning a trip, search for cities that implement eco-friendly policies to promote ecotourism. For example, Seattle, Washington, uses hydroelectric power for nearly 100% of its energy consumption.

2. Beware of Greenwashing

Talking about environmentally friendly practices is one thing, but implementing them and supporting the planet are the next steps that some businesses do not take. You may know this strategy as greenwashing . Due diligence can tell you which organisations stay true to their word and which only use eco-friendliness as a marketing term. 

It is essential to be able to spot greenwashing when you travel. Research hotels and businesses in the area and review their practices. How do they align with environmentally positive initiatives that they claim? For example, in 2018, Hilton said it would reduce CO2 emissions. However, critics accused the company of greenwashing because it cut down palm and mangrove trees to build its resort in the Maldives. Tearing down palm trees significantly affects carbon levels in the atmosphere. 

One way to research a company like Hilton for greenwashing is to examine its environmental, social and governance (ESG) scores. These metrics track companies’ operations and give an objective measurement to gauge practices. Organisations like Bloomberg developed databases that show exhaustive lists of ESG scores. They monitor thousands of businesses worldwide, so it is easier to see which are telling the truth beyond their ‘green’ campaigns.  

3. Visit a Wildlife Refuge

Part of ecotourism is finding ways to limit your environmental impact, but you can make positive contributions while still having fun. Visit a wildlife refuge when on vacation. These sanctuaries are some of the best places to support wildlife conservation and educate yourself. 

Photo by  Joshua J. Cotten  on  Unsplash

Wildlife refuges provide large, safe, and green spaces for animals to thrive. Many of them risk extinction and can thrive in a sanctuary. The money you spend at the refuges goes toward keeping the facilities standing and funding research to examine these animals. There are wildlife sanctuaries in all 50 states and five territories in the U.S. Internationally, there are numerous opportunities on every continent to support conservation. 

Seeing wildlife is a terrific experience, but remember to be mindful when visiting. For example, do not disturb animals by calling or touching them, and refrain from feeding them, even if they approach you. These creatures have special diets and oftentimes, human food is not suitable for them. If you bring food, clean up your waste afterward. Curious wildlife may get their heads stuck in plastic containers or eat things they are not supposed to.

4. Use Green Transportation Methods

Another way to practice ecotourism is to use green transportation methods. This strategy is something you can do abroad and practice at home. Eco-friendly transit reduces your carbon footprint significantly because it reduces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and negative environmental impacts.

Photo by  freestocks  on  Unsplash

Depending on your destination, you should search for ways to take public transportation. These options may include buses, trains and metro lines. Public transit is more efficient than passenger vehicles because it emits 45% fewer CO2 emissions than cars on the road. Use bicycles and other low-emissions options if it’s not available. 

5. Learn Local Customs

Ecotourism goes hand-in-hand with mindful traveling. When you vacation, try to be one with the culture and immerse yourself. That’s how you get the most out of your travels. Learn local customs and find out what the residents do. They say when in Rome, do as the Romans do — and that’s a solid start for being an ecotourist.

Eating local food is an excellent way to immerse yourself and be an ecotourist. Ask a guide or resident where the best places to eat are. Small businesses and restaurants are likelier to have a lower carbon footprint than tourist traps. Find establishments that source their food locally. The shortened supply chain delivers delicious items at a lower price than you may see in chains.

Being an Ecotourist Worldwide

Calls for sustainability are growing as humans begin recognising their negative environmental impact. You can find ways to lower your carbon footprint at home, and you should keep the same mindful attitude when traveling abroad. Focus on being an ecotourist and helping the environment wherever you go.

You might also like: Can EcoTourism Save Coral Reefs?

15 Biggest Environmental Problems of 2024

International Day of Forests: 10 Deforestation Facts You Should Know About

13 Major Companies Responsible for Deforestation

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Green Global Travel

World's largest independently owned Ecotourism / Green Travel / Sustainable Travel / Animal & Wildlife Conservation site. We share transformative Responsible Travel, Sustainable Living & Going Green Tips that make a positive impact.

What Is Ecotourism? (The History & Principles of Responsible Travel)

Disclaimer: This post may contain affiliate links. All hosted affiliate links follow our editorial policies .

What is ecotourism? How does it work? Why does it matter? And how can we, as travelers, put the core principles of ecotourism into practice?

In recent years, the growth of interest in responsible travel has outpaced that of traditional sun/sand tourism by an increasingly wide margin.

With some experts estimating that ecotourism now represents 11.4% of all consumer spending, these sorts of questions have become more and more common. 

And, as we continue to see more negative impacts of mass tourism on beloved destinations around the world, the answers to these questions will become increasingly vital.

Part of the confusion surrounding sustainable travel  is the plethora of names being used for it within the industry.

E cotourism, a movement that began to take shape back in the 1980s, is the oldest and most commonly used word for it.

More recent industry buzzwords include sustainable tourism, green tourism, nature tourism, responsible tourism, ethical tourism, mindful travel, conscious travel, pro-poor tourism, and many others. 

Regardless of what you call it, the central concepts that these philosophies share in common are that the travel industry as a whole should adopt more environmentally friendly practices, protect the natural and cultural heritage of a destination, and support local communities.

With the United Nations designating 2017 as the  International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development , this seems like a great time to deepen the conversation about what ecotourism is and why it’s important for the future of travel.

Here we’ll explain the definition of ecotourism, examine its history and evolution, explore its core principles and benefits, and look at 10 ways that each of us as responsible travelers can ensure our adventures ultimately make a positive impact.

READ MORE:  How Mass Tourism is Destroying Destinations

• The Definition of Ecotourism
• A Brief History of Ecotourism
• Ecotourism in the ’90s & Beyond
• The Principles of Ecotourism
• Ecotourism Principles in Action

The Benefits of Ecotourism

• Other Articles on Ecotourism

THE DEFINITION OF ECOTOURISM

According to The Oxford English Dictionary , the word “ecotour” was first recorded in 1973, followed by “ecotourism” in 1982.

There, the word is defined as, “Tourism to areas of ecological interest (typically exotic and often threatened natural environments), especially to support conservation efforts and observe wildlife; spec. access to an endangered environment controlled so as to have the least possible adverse effect.”

Ecotourism was perhaps best defined in 1990 by Megan Epler Wood, the co-founder of The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) and author of six influential books on the subject.

Her latest, Sustainable Tourism on a Finite Planet: Environmental, Business and Policy Solutions ,  was released in 2017.

Now the director of the  International Sustainable Tourism Initiative at Harvard, Epler Wood’s original definition was more simple and to the point. She described ecotourism as, “Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people.”

In simple words, the meaning of ecotourism is travel that makes a positive impact on both the ECO logy and ECO nomy of a given destination.

One mistake many people make is assuming that ecotourism is all about conserving nature and wildlife by any means necessary. But if a destination or business’ tourism development strategy does not actively provide concrete financial benefits for the indigenous people, it’s not truly ecotourism.

Other NGOs, such as The Center for Responsible Travel  (CREST, whose co-founder Dr. Martha Honey also served as the Executive Director of TIES for four years), have since expanded on Epler Wood’s concept to provide more in-depth definitions of ecotourism.

CREST currently defines ecotourism as, “Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, socially and economically sustains the well-being of local people, and creates knowledge and understanding through interpretation and education of all involved (including staff, travelers, and community residents).”

Other responsible travel organizations may have their own take on what ecotourism is, but these three are the most significant definitions.

READ MORE: Megan Epler Wood on the Evolution of Ecotourism

A BRIEF HISTORY OF ECOTOURISM

Ecotourism’s earliest origins arguably began with the Sierra Club’s Outing program. Launched in 1901, these annual expeditions took hikers into the Sierra Nevada’s backcountry in order to show members natural wonders, “so that those persons could become active workers for the preservation of the forests.”

The modern movement began to take root in the environmental activism of the 1970s. Some sources suggest that the term ecotourism was originally coined by Mexican architect-turned-environmentalist  Héctor Ceballos-Lascuráin . He used the word to describe traveling to undisturbed areas in order to enjoy their natural beauty and culture.

In 1981 Ceballos-Lascuráin became the founding president of the Mexican Association for the Conservation of Nature, the most influential Mexican NGO in the conservation arena. In 1984 he founded the first Mexican ecotourism agency, ECOTOURS.

His 315-page book on Tourism, Ecotourism, and Protected Areas  was published in 1996 by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). He served for many years as an Ecotourism Advisor to both the IUCN and United Nations World Tourism Organization.

Megan Epler Wood was another one of the ecotourism movement’s earliest adopters. She was a young wildlife biologist hired by World Wildlife Fund founder (and former EPA director) Russell Train right out of grad school in the early ’80s.

Their all-star team at the time also included Russell Mittermeier  (now President of Conservation International) and  Thomas Lovejoy , who’s known as the “godfather of biodiversity.”

“In the 1980s the idea of sustainable development was new,” Epler Wood recalls. “There was a big conversation about finding ways to benefit local people who wanted to conserve natural areas. A few years later my husband and I lived in Colombia on a joint Fulbright scholarship. [We realized that] people visiting the rainforest were bringing a majority of the benefits those locals were seeing.

READ MORE: Top Ecotourism Destinations According to Experts

ECOTOURISM IN THE ’90s & BEYOND

After she returned home in 1988, Epler Wood went on to produce The Environmental Tourist  for PBS. She started pitching conservation NGOs a documentary on ecotourism that would be “the very first global investigation of how tourism could contribute to conservation of natural resources and local well-being.”

When that project lost its funding, she tapped into her contacts and started The International Ecotourism Society. The organization’s goal was to contribute to the development of ecotourism as a viable tool for conservation, protection of bio-cultural diversity, and sustainable community development.

Epler Wood left TIES in 2002 to start her own consulting firm. She was replaced by Dr. Martha Honey, the veteran journalist/historian who wrote the seminal book, Ecotourism and Sustainable Development: Who Owns Paradise?   in 1999. She was Executive Director of the organization from 2003 to 2006, and eventually founded the Center for Responsible Travel in Washington, DC.

I had the pleasure of interviewing Dr. Honey during a keynote presentation at the TBEX Travel Blogging Conference in Cancun, Mexico in 2014. When I asked about the changes she’s seen in the ecotourism industry over the past 20 years, Dr. Honey insisted that they were positive for the most part.

“It hasn’t lost or changed its core values, which are essentially that tourism should be done in a way that’s beneficial to environmental conservation and local communities and respectful of local cultures…The Slow Food movement, organic agriculture, travel philanthropy, concern about human trafficking and child sexual abuse, fair trade , carbon offsets, and animal welfare are all branches on the original tree.

There have been countless other ecotourism icons over the past 30 years, from Jonathan Tourtellot (NatGeo’s Destination Stewardship Center) and Jeff Greenwald (founder of Ethical Traveler) to eco-design authority Hitesh Meta.

Now ecotourism is considered one of the fastest-growing sectors in the travel industry (about 5% annually), accounting for around 6% of the world’s gross domestic product. Even as the market for traditional tourism grew stagnant, the UNWTO’s global forecast projected rapid growth in the ecotourism industry over the next decade.

READ MORE: Q&A With Dr. Martha Honey on Ecotourism

THE PRINCIPLES OF ECOTOURISM

Ecotourism is essentially all about bringing nature/wildlife conservationists, local communities, and the responsible travel industry together to ensure development focused on long-term sustainability rather than short-term profits.

The goal is to develop tourist accommodations, activities, and attractions that benefit everyone involved– the local flora/fauna, the local people, travel industry stakeholders, and travelers alike.

With this mission in mind, the ecotourism industry has collectively developed a number of core guiding principles over the past few decades. Although international regulation and accreditation have remained elusive, these guidelines provide a general blueprint for responsible tourism development.

Many of these principles align with those of the Global Sustainable Tourism Council , which developed an extensive list of criteria for sustainable destinations, hotels, and tour operators.

1. Build Environmental & Cultural Awareness

Education is a key aspect of ecotourism initiatives, for locals and visitors alike. Most of these efforts are focused on improving awareness, sensitizing people to environmental issues, and encouraging them to be conscious of their impact on the places they visit.

Some tour operators create conservation education programs for local schools. Many offer interpretative guides, naturalists, and guest lecturers to help deepen travelers’ understanding of their experiences.

Immersive interactions with local cultures are also becoming increasingly common. These experiences often emphasize interaction rather than a typical performer-audience relationship with visitors.

2. Design & Operate Low-Impact Eco Tours/Facilities

Remember the old environmental adage, “Take only pictures, leave only footprints”? Today’s ecotourism industry strives to take it one step further.

The focus is all about sustainability, minimizing the negative carbon footprint travel often leaves on the environment. But these days the big picture goal is to create positive, rather than merely neutral impact.

From using alternative energy sources and ensuring all building materials are locally sourced to limiting eco tour group sizes, conscious consideration should be made to ensure low impact at every stage, from development to implementation.

3. Provide Financial Benefits for Conservation

The idea of using the revenue generated by ecotourism to help fund the conservation of nature and wildlife is not a new idea. In fact, it dates back more than 100 years, to the creation of the US National Parks Service .

Referred to by documentarian Ken Burns as “America’s Best Idea,” this concept has since been applied to more than 6,000 national parks in nearly 100 different countries around the world.

When managed properly, ecotourism can help provide a revenue-generating alternative to urbanization, deforestation, unsustainable agriculture, and poaching. And though critics claim ecotourism often fails to deliver on its promise, recent scientific studies continue to illustrate its conservation benefits.

4. Provide Financial Benefits for Local People

Critics have similarly pointed out that some ecotourism initiatives have created more problems for local people than they solve. Poorly managed programs can lead to conflicts over land and resources, unfair profit distribution, and cultural exploitation.

This is what happens when the phenomenon known as greenwashing – the disinformation disseminated by an organization so as to present an environmentally responsible public image– rears its ugly head.

True ecotourism MUST provide financial benefits to local people, whether through direct (tours, admission fees, and donations) or indirect means (such as taxes on travel or accommodation). It generally works best when there is smaller scale, slower growth, and greater involvement by local communities in all steps of the tourism development process.

5. Support Human Rights

Ecotourism initiatives should always strive to support human rights, economic empowerment, and democratic movements in a given destination.

In addition to increasing awareness about sociopolitical and environmental issues facing a given destination, ecotourism initiatives should support local businesses and the rights of indigenous inhabitants to control their land and assets.

This principle is arguably the most problematic and contentious. Should tour companies or travelers boycott a given destination due to human rights abuses or unfair treatment of its indigenous population? In many cases, such boycotts don’t punish the powers-that-be nearly as harshly as the locals who rely heavily on tourism revenue to survive.

READ MORE: Why Responsible Travel Matters

ECOTOURISM PRINCIPLES IN ACTION

Becoming a more responsible traveler is the best way to ensure your adventures are positive for the local people and the planet. 

Whe n the core principles of ecotourism are applied, it can stimulate financial growth in developing nations, strengthening the global economy.

Individually, one person taking these baby steps to going green might not seem to make much of an impact. But if we all take simple strides towards being more conscious of our choices, collectively we can m ake a world of difference. Here’s how!

Lightening up your load saves money on baggage fees and increases plane fuel-efficiency.

Pack items that can be washed in the sink and are quick drying so they can be worn multiple times during your trip.

We recommend (but do not receive compensation from) the ExOfficio brand, and wear it everywhere we travel.

Take shorter showers, turn off the faucet while shaving and brushing your teeth, and re-use towels for multiple days.

And NEVER use the hotel laundry, as they typically wash each guest’s clothes separately, even if there are only a few items.

READ MORE:   The Best Travel Clothing For 7 Travel Styles (An Epic Guide)

SAVE ENERGY

When you leave your hotel room, turn off the lights, heat/AC and TV.

Consider leaving the “Do Not Disturb” sign on the door so that the housekeeping staff won’t clean your room every day.

This will save on harsh chemical cleaning supplies and the electricity of vacuuming and washing bed linens.

REDUCE/REUSE/RECYCLE

Take a BPA-free water bottle you can refill, use just one bar of soap for both sink and shower.

Return brochures and maps once you’re finished using them, and hold on to your trash until you find a place to recycle it.

Seek out indigenous artisans and learn about their craft.

When we were in the Riviera Maya near Coba, we saw tons of assembly line art.

But instead we wound up buying from a man who taught local children and tourists the ancient craft of Mayan pottery and distributed profits equally among families in his village.

READ MORE:   What Is An Eco Lodge? A Guide to Eco-Friendly Accommodations

LEAVE ONLY FOOTPRINTS

Stick to marked trails to avoid harming native flora, and consider taking a bag to pick up trash along your journey.

Not only is it a great way to help keep the outdoors beautiful, but it also protects wildlife that might eat or get tangled in the garbage.

BE A TRAVELER, NOT A TOURIST

Take time to immerse yourself in the local music, art and cuisine. Embrace the cultural differences that make it unique.

Get to know the locals and how they view life. You might be surprised at the things you learn when you open your mind to new ideas!

HONOR LOCAL TRADITIONS

Some cultures have very different traditions from yours.

Women are forbidden to show skin in some Muslim countries. For some, being photographed in like having your soul stolen.

Understand and respect these traditions, or risk offending the people whose culture you’re there to experience.

READ MORE: Embracing the Culture of the Maasai People of Tanzania

Developing nations are badly in need of basic necessities most people take for granted.

Traveling gives you a unique experience that stays with you for the rest of your life.

In return, consider giving something back, such as bringing school supplies on tours in which you know you’ll interact with locals.

SHOP SMARTER

Read labels, and ask questions like “What is this item made from?”

All over the planet people sell items made from non-sustainable hardwoods, endangered species, and ancient artifacts.

It may be alright in their country to sell them, but you can still vote with your wallet by refusing to buy them.

READ MORE: The Problem with Animal Selfies

THE BENEFITS OF ECOTOURISM

To quote CREST founder Dr. Martha Honey during our Keynote session at TBEX Cancun in 2014, we earnestly believe that ecotourism is “ simply a better way to travel . ” Here’s a look at how this transformational approach to travel benefits conservation, increases cross-cultural understanding, and ultimately turns travelers into environmental advocates:

Benefits to Wildlife

To see how ecotourism benefits nature and wildlife, let’s look at endangered species such as African Elephants . Ivory from Elephant tusks is worth $1500 a pound on the black market, which has led to a dramatic increase in poaching.

But  Elephants are worth 76 times more alive than dead . When you consider the revenue from wildlife photography tours , luxury safari camps, and other ecotourism offerings, a single Elephant is worth $1.3 million over the course of its lifetime!

Other heavily poached species, such as Lions and Rhinos , have shown to be similarly valuable alive. Ecotourism offers a long-term alternative to exploitation, generating sustainable revenue and ensuring better overall health of the ecosystem.

Benefits to the Environment

Nature reserves and national parks help prevent deforestation and pollution, while also protecting the habitat of endemic species.

The revenue that ecotourism provides can help replace profits from exploitative practices such as mining or slash ‘n’ burn agriculture. It can also help ensure the long-term financial viability of the area.

Naturalist guides also help travelers understand the value of a pristine ecosystem, and teach them about the importance of conservation. This ultimately help to create a more mindful and conscious legion of travelers.

Benefits to Local People

When managed properly, ecotourism can offer locals alternative revenue streams. In wildlife-rich countries such as Rwanda , former poachers are often employed as guides or trackers, capitalizing on their knowledge of the animals and their habitat.

In Costa Rica , unemployment has fallen to less than 10% since the country started building its ecotourism infrastructure in the 1970s. The country now enjoys the highest standard of living in Central America .

Involving local communities in tourism management empowers them by ensuring that more revenue is reinvested locally. Ecotourism also offers indigenous peoples an opportunity to remain on ancestral land, conserve it, and preserve traditional culture.

Benefits to Travelers

In the words of United Nations Secretary General Talib Rifai, the Year of Sustainable Tourism provided “a unique opportunity to advance the contribution of the tourism sector to the three pillars of sustainability– economic, social and environmental– while raising awareness of the true dimensions of a sector which is often undervalued.”

Sure, being a responsible traveler takes a greater level of commitment to being conscious and mindful of the impact we have on the destinations we visit. But ecotourism also offers us incredible, transformative experiences, allowing us to develop closer personal relationships to the nature, wildlife, and local people we encounter during our adventures.

Learning about ecotourism during my life-changing experience in South Africa   in 2000 permanently changed my understanding of mankind’s role in our planetary ecosystem. And I firmly believe that, once you’ve had that sort of travel experience, you’ll never want to travel the traditional way again.   –Bret Love; photos by Bret Love & Mary Gabbett unless otherwise noted

OTHER ARTICLES ON ECOTOURISM

How Mass Tourism is Destroying Destinations Travelers Love

Why Responsible Tourism is Better

7 Harmful Practices Tourists Should Never Support

Why Slow Travel is Better

Why Community Based Tourism is Vital to Responsible Travel

What Is An Eco Lodge? A Guide to Eco-Friendly Accommodations

What Is Glamping? An Intro to Luxury Camping

10 Steps to Becoming a More Responsible Traveler

Green Travel Tips: The Ultimate Guide to Sustainable Travel

How to Choose a Green Hotel

How to Choose a Responsible Scuba Diving Tour Operator

How to Eat Ethically When You Travel

Top 10 Latin American Ecotourism Adventures

Top 10 Off the Beaten Path Ecotourism Destinations

Ecotourism in Costa Rica

Ecotourism in Jordan

Ecotourism in Antarctica

Ecotourism in Australia

Ecotourism in Cancun

Ecotourism in Egypt

Ecotourism in Ireland

Ecotourism in Jamaica

Ecotourism in New Zealand

Ecotourism in Northern Italy

Ecotourism in Sabah, Borneo

Ecotourism in Spain

Ecotourism in Taipei

Ecotourism in Tonga

About the Author

Green Global Travel is the world's #1 independently owned ecotourism website encouraging others to embrace sustainable travel, wildlife conservation, cultural preservation, and going green tips for more sustainable living.

We've been spotlighted in major media outlets such as the BBC, Chicago Tribune, Forbes, The Guardian, Lonely Planet, National Geographic, Travel Channel, Washington Post and others.

Owned by Bret Love (a veteran journalist/photographer) and Mary Gabbett (business manager/videographer), USA Today named us one of the world's Top 5 Travel Blogging Couples. We were also featured in the 2017 National Geographic book, Ultimate Journeys for Two, for which we contributed a chapter on our adventures in Rwanda. Other awards we've won include Best Feature from both the Caribbean Tourism Organization and the Magazine Association of the Southeast.

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What is ecotourism? A guide on how to travel sustainably.

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If you love nature, you may have tried to plan a vacation where you get to be immersed in it. Maybe you’ve explored a coral reef or visited an elephant sanctuary, or you dream of doing so one day. These activities can fall under the umbrella of ecotourism — a kind of nature-based travel that aims to protect and empower the environment, animals, and local communities — when planning vacations.

Tourism is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world, accounting for 22 million new jobs last year , with a large part of that growth stemming from a post-lockdown itch for travel . As people return to packing as much stuff as humanly possible into a carry-on, ecotourism, too, will likely skyrocket to a market value of $299 billion by 2026 . In the last 10 years, travelers have become more environmentally conscious and socially responsible , looking for travel experiences that reflect their morals.

Still, the question for many well-meaning tourists remains: Is ethical ecotourism even possible?

There are a few things that complicate ecotourism’s narrative, like the carbon emissions produced by flights , or the challenges of ensuring that a significant degree of profits actually do go to local communities, protecting wildlife, and cultural heritage. Nature-based travel, too, can risk losing the plot, from sanctuaries that operate like petting zoos to the development of tropical coasts into even the most nature-forward resorts.

“It really boils down to an attitude, and an ethic about how we approach the natural world,” says David Fennell , a geography and tourism studies professor at Brock University in Ontario, Canada, and editor-in-chief of the Journal of Ecotourism . “Just by virtue of going to a national park doesn’t mean you’re an ecotourist, you have to have that attitude. And you have to tap into that ethic about what is important [to] not just yourself as a tourist, but about conservation and animal welfare.”

As a tourist, choosing where to go is an important decision, one that can help or hurt the environment and communities where you are visiting. There are some situations that are too good to be truly as effective as they claim, and accreditations, though helpful, may not tell the whole story. Understandably, trying to figure out what’s best for the environment, for communities, and for yourself can be overwhelming. It may be that ecotourism is a state of mind rather than a destination. Here are some ways to think about your next adventure to ensure your ethics align.

What actually is ecotourism?

An alternative to mass tourism — or when thousands of people visit a destination day in and day out ( think the resort-ification of Ibiza , in which people partied so hard that legislation was passed in 2022 to change the destination’s wasteful image) — ecotourism is meant to get you off the beaten trail and into a mindset of reciprocity with the site you are visiting.

As with many sustainability-oriented services, ecotourism got its start in the ’70s. It officially became a dictionary entry in 1982 , where it is defined as supporting conservation efforts, especially in often threatened natural environments. Since then though, the definition and intent have evolved to include bolstering local communities.

In the literature on ecotourism, travel can be distinguished into “hard paths” and “soft paths,” based on how many aspects of your trip follow the ethical north star of ecotourism and how demanding the trip will be of you. For example, if your trip features a strong environmental commitment and will be physically active, you’re likely on the hard path of ecotourism. If your trip is aimed at physical comfort with only a moderate nod to environmental commitment, you may be on a soft path. But taking it as an ethos means you can be an ecotourist anywhere, especially locally.

You might be wondering if a hike on a busy trail or swimming with manatees is ecotourism. Although both of those examples are nature-based tourism as they interface with the natural world, they’re not necessarily ecotourism, since both of these activities can put these destinations at risk if done in excess. Hiking a spot to death or droves of tourists putting Florida’s manatees at risk put pressure on the ecology of those places. In the 1980s, mass tourism began to wreck some of the world’s most sensitive ecosystems, such as the Riviera Maya in Mexico, where near-constant development has led to local forests being cleared .

Wildlife tourism runs the gamut from cruel breeding and hunting of lions to we-really-shouldn’t-have-cetaceans-in-captivity dolphin shows to cool , ethical birdwatching. Ecotourism including wildlife can be ethical as long as the animals you are engaging with are not manipulated or not free to disengage in interaction with tourists. “Anytime you have an animal that’s held in a captive environment, that you’re manipulating, the animal is not free to disengage that interaction, based on its own will,” says Fennell.

If you’re interested in going on adventures that are a little more sport-oriented, such as kayaking or diving, then this might be also considered nature-based tourism, since activities like climbing, sailing, camping, and snorkeling are less directly connected to ecological benefits. An example of nature tourism would be surfing lessons off Australia’s Coffs coast : You’re in nature having fun, but vibes are about all you’re contributing to the scene.

Ecotourism also has an educational component: You’re meant to learn about nature, culture, and threats to the area you’re in. Paul Rosolie — founder and Wildlife Director of Junglekeepers , a program that uses donations and tourist money to buy tracts of the Amazon along the Las Piedras River, in the Madre de Dios region of Peru — highlighted how ecotourism has brought people to the front lines of conservation.

“This is the edge of human presence on this planet,” Rosolie said via voice memo deep in the Amazon. “The battle is playing out between the progress of roads and development and the last places where there are untouched ecosystems, Indigenous communities, communities of species yet to be discovered. You get to see incredibly pristine, pure wilderness where a few people have managed to make a living.”

Ecotourism should encourage ethical considerations, like respect for the environment and host communities. For example, ecotourism aims to be biocentric , meaning that the interest of the living beings you are hoping to protect is prioritized over your own drive for pleasure. There is also the risk of too much tourism causing gentrification and raising prices for locals — see what’s currently happening in Mexico City , or consider the (fictional, but still germane) plot of HBO’s The White Lotus . Ecotourism aims to reverse the exploitative relationships between tourists and locals.

Lastly, ecotourism should strive for sustainability. In the case of Junglekeepers , which offers base station visits and ranger-accompanied hikes to tourists, this means extending employment to former loggers in their ranger program. The Sheldrick Wildlife Trust, where there are six ecolodges for tourists to book, has anti-poaching teams who work with the Kenya Wildlife Service to stop illegal poaching for ivory, bushmeat, and logging.

The tricky questions around ecotourism

Just because ecotourism might have a broader application these days, it doesn’t necessarily mean all travel qualifies, especially since there are slews of companies and organizations attempting to make a quick buck off a catchy buzzword. Unfortunately, it’s hard to sift the wheat from the chaff. As ecotourism as a concept grows more and more popular, some experiences and excursions may not necessarily meet the intentions lined up above.

Tourism can be rife with greenwashing : vague and unsupported claims, and exaggerations about how much good a given entity is doing, like hotels highlighting their donations to ecological causes, but underpaying their staff . Some excursions put Indigenous peoples in precarious situations , and some force animals to perform or be ridden or petted in a forced and unnatural manner .

Milo Putnam — founder of Laro Ethical Wildlife Travels , a service that helps people plan eco-travel — warns, “Don’t be tricked by misused greenwashing buzzwords like ‘rescue,’ ‘sanctuary,’ or ‘eco-park.’ Companies know that tourists like these terms, which to these companies can mean more profits, even if it isn’t true. These terms are meaningless if not backed by actual ethical practices. Instead, look further to see if they are certified or accredited by a trusted organization.” (More on this below.)

Additionally, Fennell believes the most ethical ecotourists — the traveler and any organizations involved — should keep animals off the menu. Ecotourism’s biocentric approach should lead us to widen our moral consideration of animals and to care not only for charismatic megafauna like lions and elephants, but also for all creatures that make ecosystems function. “The global food system — mainly animal agriculture — is the primary driver of biodiversity loss ,” Putnam added. “Choosing a more plant-based diet has a positive impact on wildlife around the world.”

How to choose where to go

Certifications may give a clue to how well a given destination is achieving ecotourism goals, but they may not always exist.

Putnam has compiled a tip list for planning animal-based adventures and points to the Global Federation of Animal Sanctuaries as a resource. The federation checks in to ensure that no captive breeding is taking place, that tourists do not have direct contact with wildlife, and that animals have appropriate housing and veterinary care.

There is no universal ecotourism certification, but the Global Sustainable Tourism Council has compiled a list of certifications around the world that emphasize the four “C’s”: conservation, community, culture, and commerce. These certifications are a good place to start and they cover Asia, Europe, Africa, North and South America, and Australia.

The land down under is at the top when it comes to vetting their tourism options. Australia’s ecotourism industry has some of the most sophisticated certifications including nature tourism, ecotourism, and advanced ecotourism . In this certification system, outback safari glamping in Karijini National Park counts as ecotourism, because it supports Indigenous peoples as it is owned and operated by the Gumala Aboriginal Corporation , which represents the interests of the Banjima, Yinhawangka, and Nyiyaparli peoples in Western Australia.

Everyone I spoke to underscored the importance of selecting an ethical destination for travel because the money you spend as a tourist can have a positive impact rather than an ambiguous impact or even detrimental effect on the places you’re visiting. As Rosolie puts it, “Finding the right place to go as a traveler is a very powerful decision to people who are devoting their whole lives to protecting a place.”

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• agroecology
• air pollution
• anti-conservation
• carbon capture
• dumping ground
• eco-footprint
• environmental justice
• environmentalism
• environmentally
• feed-in tariff
• particulate
• reclamation
• sequestration
• skip diving

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have irons in the fire

to be involved with many activities or jobs at the same time or to make certain that there are always several possibilities available

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UN Tourism | Bringing the world closer

Biodiversity

• ECOTOURISM AND PROTECTED AREAS

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Ecotourism and Protected areas

According to the UN Tourism's definition, ecotourism refers to forms of tourism which have the following characteristics:

• All nature-based forms of tourism in which the main motivation of the tourists is the observation and appreciation of nature as well as the traditional cultures prevailing in natural areas.
• It contains educational and interpretation features.
• It is generally, but not exclusively organised by specialised tour operators for small groups. Service provider partners at the destinations tend to be small, locally owned businesses.
• It minimises negative impacts upon the natural and socio-cultural environment.
• Generating economic benefits for host communities, organisations and authorities managing natural areas with conservation purposes;
• Providing alternative employment and income opportunities for local communities;
• Increasing awareness towards the conservation of natural and cultural assets, both among locals and tourists.

Source: The British Ecotourism Market, UNWTO 2002

UN Tourism has been involved in the field of ecotourism since the early 1990s and developed a set of guidelines focusing on the strong link between protected area and tourism, with the aim of ensuring that tourism contributes to the purposes of protected areas and does not undermine them.

In the framework of the UN-declared International Year of Ecotourism (IYE) 2002, UN Tourism undertook a wide range of activities, including the organization of regional conferences and the World Ecotourism Summit , and published guidelines and methodologies for ecotourism development and market studies, as well as supported regional and national activities.

At the request of the United Nations General Assembly, the UN Tourism prepared a report on the activities undertaken by States and major international organizations in the framework of the International Year of Ecotourism . Also UN Tourism prepared a series of market reports to increase the knowledge of seven important countries considered “Ecotourism generating markets”.

Ecotourism: Definition, Meaning And Examples

• Publié le 28 April 2020
• Mis à jour le 25 March 2024

What is the definition and meaning of ecotourism? In what ways can ecotourism hurt the environment? Why has ecotourism been growing and how is it different from mass tourism and staycation? Let’s take a closer look at these questions.

Ecotourism Official Definition

According to The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) , ecotourism can be defined as “responsible travel to natural areas that conserve the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and involves interpretation and education”. Such traveling can be created thanks to an international network of individuals, institutions, and the tourism industry where tourists and tourism professionals are educated on ecological issues.

At the same time, the Australian National Ecotourism defines ecotourism as “ecologically sustainable tourism with a primary focus on experiencing natural areas that fosters environmental and cultural understanding, appreciation and conservation.”

• Related: Traveling Today And Tomorrow: Cities And Countries With More Travelers

Ecotourism: The Principles Behind It

TIES highlights some principles associated with what ecotourism stands for: more than minimizing physical, social, behavioral, and psychological impacts, ecotourism is also about building a culture of environmental respect and protection while providing positive experiences to visitors and hosts. On the host’s side, an ecotourism mindset is one generating value for local people and the industry, and they should help deliver remarkable experiences to visitors while raising their sensitivity to local environmental, political or social issues.

The Benefits and Reasons Why Ecotourism Has Been Growing

Among the reasons that help understand why ecotourism has been growing are:

• It is easier to access remote ecotourism destination nowadays thanks to cheap flights and accessible infrastructures;
• Many people are not happy or feel fulfilled with traditional tourism destinations and activities – so there’s a greater interest in challenging and more educative tourism;
• There is a greater awareness about the need to protect the environment and desire to contribute towards this cause;
• Travelers wish to be perceived as different and eco-friendly;
• Ecotourism may help protect sensitive environment locations and raise awareness on local environmental and social delicate issues;
• It may also generate income opportunities for local people

Why Join the Ecotourism Movement

Joining the ecotourism cause is a way of guaranteeing the tourism industry will continue prospering and providing social and economic benefits to destinations and communities throughout the globe. Ecotourism provides the opportunity for immersion into the natural world in an enjoyable and effective manner, resulting in greater compassion and better stewardship of the world’s remaining natural wonders.

The Environmental Dimension of Ecotourism: It Can Also Harm The Environment

Despite the goal of protecting the environment, ecotourism can, even if unintentionally, create environmental harm because :

• Ecotourists often go to (already very) environmentally fragile areas that risk collapse or getting eroded;
• Disturbance of wildlife, the removal of vegetation (for plant collection, for instance) and garbage generation increases due to visitors are also likely consequences of ecotourism;
• Some visits are done in sensitive periods like during breeding or hatching periods;
• There are hidden impacts such as the consumption of fuel for air or road travel;
• There’s the risk of ecotourism turning into mass tourism with a huge impact at different levels besides environmental.
• Off-site impacts such as clearing lands to build infrastructures (roads, hotels) are also relevant;

Ecotourism vs. Conventional (Mass) Tourism: What’s the Difference?

• There is a greater chance of eco-tourists traveling to nature-surrounded sites compared to mass tourists looking for plenty of distractions, cultural sites, and the busy life of large cities;
• Ecotourism usually means travelers make their own travel arrangements, while mass tourism relies on a greater number of travel agents and tour operators;
• With mass tourism, the expectations are that there are many different services involved, while in ecotourism site there are only a few if any, services involved;
• Ecotourism activities are usually nature-related (such as hiking and exploring trails, birdwatching or reef diving) and, therefore, tend to be more physically demanding whereas typical tourism is more comfortable and less physical;
• Small groups and long-term stays are also common in ecotourism travelers, while mass tourism often relies on large groups staying for short time periods;

Ecotourism and Staycation

Just like ecotourism, “ staycation ” is also a term representing an idea with a reduced ecological impact. Staycation, i.e., vacations spent at home or near home rather than traveling to distant places, have the potential to cause less environmental harm as less fuel (or no fuel at all if we consider electric vehicles) is spent. It also means more money spent at a local or national level and this consumption helps strengthen the economy, supports existing or new jobs and increases local resilience .

• Related: What Is Staycation, The Latest Trend In Sustainable Tourism

[Photo by Marieke Weller on Unsplash ]

Travel Tips and Trivia

Last Updated: January 23, 2024

Eco Travellers 101: A Complete Guide to Eco travel

What are eco travellers? What’s eco travel? How do you “travel eco”? Check out this ultimate guide to eco travelling to learn everything you need about this hot travel topic.

Danny Newman

Trying to find out about eco travellers? I hope this guide helps!

Do you remember seeing pictures of blue skies in Beijing and dolphins in the canals of Venice during the COVID lockdowns?

That was no coincidence.

Researchers have found that the pandemic had a profound positive effect on the environment, from reducing air and water pollution to reversing the damage done to popular tourist destinations.

These findings have only accelerated a trend that was slowly becoming more popular anyway: eco travel.

You may have heard of eco travelling already. But what is it, exactly? What do eco travellers do? What do eco trips involve? Where are the best places to take eco tours?

And, most importantly, why should you (or any of us) care?

Read on for a deep dive into ecological travelling, why it’s so important, and some expert tips to help you get started!

Here we go, then: a comprehensive look at eco travel and what it involves!

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Eco Travel: What Is It?

Simply put, eco travel is any type of tourism that focuses on travelling responsibly and sustainably.

It might even go a step further, as many eco travellers try to have a positive impact on the environment and the local community too.

Eco travel is closely associated with other terms such as:

• Sustainable travel
• Sustainable tourism
• Green travel
• Ecological travel

According to the UN , this type of tourism:

“Takes into account its current and future economic, social and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment and host communities.”

Another organization, TIES, defines ecotourism as “ responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and involves interpretation and education. ”

In other words, eco travellers are highly aware of the impact their visit has on the local flora and fauna, community, economy, and environment.

Furthermore, they seek to minimise any negative impact and, if possible, create a positive local impact instead.

In the coming section, I’ll run through a few examples of what eco travelling looks like in practice.

Examples of Ecological Travelling

This sounds great in theory, but what does eco travel look like in real life? Let’s consider some examples of what eco travellers might do:

• Staying with an indigenous community in Ecuador
• Hiking and camping along the Appalachian Trail
• Volunteering with a wildlife conservation agency in South Africa
• Ziplining above the rainforest on an eco tour of Costa Rica
• Horse trekking across the island of Iceland
• Glamping or sleeping in eco-friendly lodging
• Helping local farmers through an agritourism program
• Signing up for an eco tour cruise to Antarctica or the Galapagos Islands
• Walking or riding a bicycle instead of renting a car or taking an Uber
• Buying food from a local market instead of a chain grocery store
• Souvenir shopping from local artists rather than buying “Made in China” knickknacks
• Bringing reusable drink containers instead of buying plastic water bottles
• Taking a train or a bus across a country instead of flying

Of course, just because you hike, camp, or bring your own water bottle doesn’t mean you’re eco travelling.

You must also visit in such a way that you minimise (or even eliminate) your carbon footprint , along with any negative impact on your destination.

Ecological travelling involves looking after our planet and the local community instead of acting in ways that harm it.

Why Is Eco Travelling Important?

If you’re like me, you feel frustrated when you see news stories like this one , where a popular Thai island had to remove 3 tonnes of plastic trash from its beautiful beaches.

Then there are popular cities like Venice and Barcelona that are overrun with tourists , putting strain on the local infrastructure, environment, and economies.

Eco travellers aim to do the opposite.

They have a keen awareness of the world around them and the fact that everyone and everything on the planet is interconnected. They might adopt a popular catchphrase like, “Take only memories, leave only footprints.”

In other words, leave no trace.

Here are some reasons why all of us should consider becoming eco travellers in the future:

• It protects fragile natural environments and historical sites
• It benefits local economies and creates local job opportunities
• It helps to conserve and spread awareness of indigenous cultures
• It preserves biological diversity among plant and animal species
• It empowers local communities with knowledge and resources
• It reduces carbon emissions and unnecessary waste products
• It creates authentic relationships with local residents and businesses
• It shows respect for the planet, the climate, and each other
• It’s more fulfilling than traditional tourism activities and destinations

Around the world, there’s a greater awareness of what’s happening to our global environment.

More and more people — as individuals and as organisations — are interested in contributing to this cause.

Eco travel is one of the best ways to get involved without sacrificing the chance to see the world.

Instead, eco travellers get the chance to make the world a better place!

Now let’s dive into some of the best places to go for eco trips and some awesome companies with a strong eco-reputation.

The Best Destinations for Eco Trips

Where should you go for an eco-friendly holiday?

As you might expect, most eco trips venture off the beaten path. Forget those big cities overrun with tourists or tropical beaches lined with all-inclusive resorts.

Instead, eco travellers might consider exciting destinations such as:

• New Zealand
• Bhutan (the world’s only carbon-negative country )
• South Africa

Again, keep in mind that just because you visit an “eco-friendly” destination or even sign up for an “eco-friendly” tour doesn’t mean it’s truly eco travel.

You need to do your due diligence to ensure that your accommodations, activities, and habits will have a positive impact on the destination.

The Best Travel Companies for Eco Tours

To make your research easier, I’ve compiled a list of companies that have a stellar reputation for eco trips. These include:

1. Seacology Expeditions

Join an expedition to exotic island destinations such as Borneo, Fiji, or the Philippines.

Go scuba diving, kayaking, and hiking while taking part in active projects that support the local ecology and benefit local communities.

2. Responsible Travel

One of the global leaders in eco-tourism, Responsible Travel offers more than 5,000 adventures in beautiful destinations all over the world.

Rest easy knowing their eco tours focus on giving back to local businesses and supporting wildlife conservation efforts.

3. Intrepid Travel

Hailed as one of the first carbon-neutral tour operators, Intrepid Travel loves to give back to great causes — for example, the 2015 Nepal earthquake.

They offer exciting tour options across the globe and are a leader in both child protection and the use of local guides.

Specialising in adventure travel for 18 to 35-year-olds, Contiki is paying to offset carbon emissions on all current and future trips.

Travel with them and you’ll help to support forest conservation efforts in Australia as well as renewable energy efforts in the US.

5. Discover Corps

With a tagline like “unforgettable vacations with a purpose,” Discover Corps is the leader in volunteer holidays.

Join a project in Asia, Africa, or Latin America that focuses on helping local schools, families, or wildlife.

Has eco-travel piqued your interest? Read on for a bunch of tips to help you travel in this way.

25 Top Tips for Aspiring Eco Travellers

What do you think? Are you ready to join the ranks of eco travellers and revamp the way you holiday?

Even if you’re not ready to sign up for a major eco tour or volunteer project, you can adopt an eco travel mindset right now.

Here are 25 simple tips to keep in mind as you travel across the globe (or even around your hometown).

1. Stay at locally-owned accommodations instead of corporate chain hotels.

2. Pay the entrance fees to national parks and historical sites, as these contribute towards conservation efforts and support the local economy.

3. Book activities with local tour guides (or companies that employ local guides).

4. Use public transportation such as trains or buses to get around. Only rent a vehicle or hire a taxi if there’s no other way to reach your destination.

5. If you must fly, book a direct point-to-point flight. Takeoffs and landings create the biggest impact on the environment, so try to avoid layovers if/where possible.

6. While swimming, snorkelling, or scuba diving, never touch the coral, rocks, or animal life. Use only reef-friendly sunscreen to protect your skin while you’re in the water.

7. Buy locally-made goods and souvenirs from local vendors. Not only will you support the local economy, but you’ll minimise your carbon footprint because those goods didn’t have to be shipped across the globe.

8. The same goes for food consumption. Buy your food from farmer’s markets or locally-owned stores instead of large chain grocery suppliers.

9. Consider travelling to locations closer to home that don’t require a long flight (or a rental car once you arrive).

10. Avoid crowded destinations struggling with over-tourism, such as Macchu Picchu or Thailand’s Phi Phi islands. Instead, choose places that are “off the beaten path” or, better yet, book an eco tour with a reputable company.

11. Skip the beachfront resorts and massive cruise liners. Look for accommodation that’s locally owned (such as bed-and-breakfasts or hostels) or choose a hotel that’s accredited by the Global Sustainable Tourism Council .

12. Bring reusable items like water bottles, travel mugs, and cloth shopping bags. Carry them with you so you won’t have to use any plastic, paper, or styrofoam products.

13. Look for accommodations that tout “green” travel, such as solar power, composting, and recyclable water systems (just make sure they aren’t greenwashing ).

14. Always respect local customs. This might mean adapting the way you dress (for example, covering your head or your shoulders) or avoiding actions that could be offensive (for example, pointing your feet at a person or at a statue of Buddha).

15. Consider volunteering for all or part of your holiday. Many organisations offer volunteer experiences that only last a day (or even a few hours), allowing you to experience the joy of giving back.

Eco tours are all about preserving the natural beauty of our planet and supporting local communities – while still having the time of your life!

16. Never leave trash or litter on the street or on a trail. Stop to pick up anything that other (less responsible) travellers have left behind.

17. Never approach wildlife or attempt to feed them. Be respectful of the distance between you as you observe or take pictures.

18. Don’t stray off the path if you’re hiking or trekking, especially in a remote area. You could easily damage the local flora and fauna — not to mention the possibility of getting lost!

19. Whenever possible, walk or ride a bicycle. Take advantage of local public transportation options too — they’re more eco-friendly than cars and they’re cheaper too.

20. Before you leave for one of your eco trips, make your home environment more eco-friendly. Turn off all lights and unplug any electronics that could zap “phantom electricity” from your home . Do the same at your destination with your chargers, light switches, and heating/cooling.

21. Be mindful of travelling during times that could disturb local wildlife, such as breeding or hatching seasons. Avoid fragile environments that are at risk of erosion, collapse, or over-tourism.

22. Unless you’re staying for an extended period of time, opt-out of fresh towels and sheets in your room every day. You’ll help to conserve local water and power resources by reusing towels and sleeping on the same sheets during your stay.

23. Bring your own water filter or water purifier so you can safely drink the local tap water (if you’re somewhere where it’s safe to do so , of course). This eliminates the need to buy bottled water during your travels.

24. Look for eco-friendly travel bags made from sustainable and recycled materials. You can even find backpacks equipped with solar chargers to power your devices all day long.

25. Consider making a carbon offset donation when you book a flight. Look for airlines that offer the option to donate a portion of the ticket price to a reputable environmental agency.

Eco Travels: The Wave of the Future

As we’ve discussed, there’s no need to give up our favourite hobby (travelling) because of changing conditions on the planet.

Instead, we can each do our part to contribute to a healthier environment by focusing on ecological travelling.

Whether you volunteer for a conversation effort abroad, take an exciting eco-adventure tour, or simply use some of these tips for eco travellers, you’ll be doing your part to make our world a better place!

Would you like to learn more on a similar travel topic?

Click here to learn more about the different types of vacation.

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What is an Ecotour? 

What is ecotourism.

Ecotourism is travelling responsibly to natural areas. This type of travel conserves wildlife and the environment, sustains the well-being of local people in the destination, and creates knowledge and understanding through education. Ecotourism is similar to sustainable tourism, but with a nature and wildlife focus, and the addition of educational experiences. 

How to tell if a tour operator is a responsible ecotourism company?

The best ecotourism companies always follow certain ecotourism principles, as laid out by the Global Ecotourism Network . 

The rights and spiritual beliefs of the local people in areas that are being visited for ecotourism are always respected. This means that positive partnerships can be formed to help empower the local people. With ecotourism, there is always an economic, social and cultural benefit for local communities, and these communities are often directly involved in the running of the tours. Funds that are raised through ecotourism should always provide a direct financial benefit for both local people and the conservation of the natural environment in the area. 

Ecotours should always have a minimal footprint. This means that the impact on the environment must be as small as possible, for example, by not disturbing the behaviour of the fauna, not trampling flora, and not leaving waste behind. This includes the carbon footprint of the tour being minimal, and any associated unavoidable emissions being offset. Along this line of thinking, the facilities that are used are often low-impact. In order to uphold the values of ecotourism, ecotours are often small scale so that the physical footprint of the trips is low too. Ecotourism activities are always non-consumptive in terms of nature. The ethos “take nothing but photographs, leave nothing but footprints” is very akin to ecotourism principles. 

Ecotourism adventures deliver memorable experiences to the visitors. There is a great focus on visitors having a personal experience with nature and wildlife, coupled with learning about environmental awareness, which directly leads to a greater appreciation and understanding of the natural world. These educational experiences raise awareness and sensitivity for environmental, social, and political issues in the destination. These experiences allow for learning and connection for both the visitors and the hosts.

What does Gondwana Ecotours do to promote responsible ecotourism? 

We travel responsibly by making environmentally-friendly choices, working with locally-owned businesses, and supporting local non-profit organisations. We recognize that travel has substantial impacts on the ecosystems that we visit, as well as the local communities and economies. We have a duty to understand those impacts and seek to increase both our understanding and lessen our impact.

We run small group tours because we want our ecotours to provide an incredible, personalized experience. A second benefit of this is that it means our ecotours have a minimal footprint on the remote and beautiful places that we visit. We examine all aspects of our trips for their impact on the environment, society, and economy. We support local businesses, especially those who champion environmental practices. We use locally owned lodges, and work with family-owned vendors and local guides whenever possible. Contributing financially to the local economy is essential in responsible tourism. 

Carbon Neutral

Our ecotours are 100% carbon neutral, and we are very proud of this commitment. For the last 8 years we have offset the carbon emissions generated by each of our guest’s flights to and from our tours. In 2021, we made the decision to deepen our commitment and we now offset the carbon from the entirety of our tours with Cooler . In collaboration with Cooler, we’ve calculated the carbon footprint for each of our tours: the food, the accommodations, the activities, and the transportation. This means that our tours are verifiably 100% carbon neutral; we are one of the very few tour operators who do this. 

Working with local communities

Responsible tourism must include local stakeholders in decisions that affect their lives. We try to always be respectful of local customs and culture, and work with local people to deliver our tours.

Stewardship and responsibility

We visit incredible special and fragile ecosystems. Our aim is to preserve the places we visit for the enjoyment of future generations. We engage in conservation through educational opportunities and trip activities. We also look for ways to give back to the places we enjoy by supporting local causes.

Learning and Improving

Importantly, we are always trying to do better. Such as how we decided to go 100% carbon neutral in 2021, we are always looking to learn how we can make our ecotours even more sustainable in all aspects. 

To make sure your next adventure is a responsible and sustainable ecotour, remember to check out the company you are travelling with to make sure their environmental impact is as low as possible, and they understand and support the local communities in the area you are travelling to. 

Read about the reasons you should visit Patagonia and Mendoza with us ! Discover the stunning landscapes of Patagonia, with its snow-capped peaks and crystal-clear lakes, or indulge in the exquisite wines of Mendoza on a bespoke tour tailored just for you.

https://www.globalecotourismnetwork.org/what-it-is-not-ecotourism/  

https://www.gondwanaecotours.com/ecotourism-responsible-travel/  

https://www.gondwanaecotours.com/sustainability/  

https://ecotourism.org/what-is-ecotourism/  

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Embracing Ecotourism: A Guide to Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Travel

• Writen by: Ricky
• March 28, 2023

Table of Contents

Ecotourism has gained popularity in recent years as more people become aware of their environmental impact while travelling. This form of travel focuses on conserving the environment, supporting local communities, and promoting responsible practices.

In this article, we will explore ecotourism, define what makes an eco-tourist, and discuss how to travel more sustainably and eco-friendly to preserve the future of our planet.

What is Eco-Tourism?

Ecotourism is a form of responsible and sustainable travel that focuses on conserving natural resources, supporting local communities, and promoting environmental education.

This type of tourism aims to minimize the negative impact of traditional tourism on the environment and local cultures while providing opportunities for travellers to learn and appreciate the natural beauty of the places they visit.

The main objectives of ecotourism include protecting biodiversity and natural ecosystems, promoting conservation efforts, and supporting sustainable economic development. This means that ecotourism activities are designed to be low-impact and are often conducted in natural settings such as national parks, nature reserves, and wildlife sanctuaries.

In addition to minimizing environmental impact, ecotourism also seeks to promote social and economic benefits for local communities. This can be achieved by involving local communities in tourism activities, supporting locally-owned and operated businesses, and providing opportunities for cultural exchange and education.

Ecotourism activities can include nature-based tourism such as wildlife watching, hiking, and birdwatching, as well as sustainable agriculture tours, renewable energy tours, and cultural immersion experiences. These activities offer travellers the opportunity to experience natural beauty and cultural diversity, while also promoting conservation and sustainability.

Overall, ecotourism is a form of travel that supports responsible and sustainable tourism practices, while also providing travellers with unique and educational experiences. By choosing ecotourism activities, travellers can help to protect natural resources, support local communities, and promote sustainable development.

What is an Eco-Tourist?

An eco-tourist is someone who actively seeks to minimise their environmental impact while travelling, supports local communities and chooses destinations and experiences that promote sustainability and conservation.

They generally opt for the most sustainable options to help them reduce their own impacts on the environment (they sound like lovely people, right!)

Characteristics of an eco-tourist include a strong interest in nature and the environment, a willingness to learn about local cultures and customs, and a commitment to minimizing their environmental impact.

A key characteristic of eco-tourists is their commitment to responsible travel practices. They seek to minimize their environmental impact by reducing waste, conserving resources such as water and energy, and supporting eco-friendly transportation options such as biking, walking, or public transportation.

They also prioritise supporting local communities and businesses. They often choose to stay in locally-owned and operated accommodations and to eat locally-sourced and sustainable foods. They may also choose to participate in cultural immersion experiences that promote understanding and appreciation of local customs and traditions.

Overall, eco-tourists are travellers who are interested in experiencing the natural beauty and cultural diversity of the places they visit, while also supporting responsible and sustainable tourism practices.

By choosing to travel in an eco-friendly and sustainable way, eco-tourists can help to protect the environment, support local communities, and promote a more responsible and sustainable tourism industry.

So, what do you actually have to do in order to transition towards a “green traveller”? Let’s explore some different ways you can start travelling more sustainably, starting right now…

How to Travel More Sustainably

1. research the environmental and social impact of the destination.

Before you decide on a travel destination, do some research on the environmental and social impact of the area. Consider visiting places that are taking measures to reduce their environmental footprint and support local communities. You can look for destinations that have eco-tourism certifications or that are actively involved in conservation efforts.

2. Consider visiting off-the-beaten-path destinations:

Popular tourist destinations can be overcrowded and have a higher environmental impact. Consider visiting lesser-known, off-the-beaten-path destinations that are still beautiful and offer unique experiences.

3. Use eco-friendly transportation:

Choose eco-friendly transportation options such as public transportation, electric or hybrid vehicles, or even biking or walking to your destination if possible. Consider offsetting your carbon footprint by investing in carbon credits.

4. Stay in eco-friendly accommodations

Look for eco-friendly accommodations such as hotels or resorts that are certified as sustainable, have low-impact designs, or are powered by renewable energy. You can also consider staying in locally-owned and operated accommodations to support the local economy.

5. Pack light and bring reusable items

Pack only what you need and avoid single-use plastics by bringing reusable water bottles, bags, and containers. You can also bring eco-friendly toiletries such as shampoo bars or solid soaps.

6. Respect the local culture and traditions

Learn about the local customs and respect them while travelling. This can include dressing appropriately, asking for permission before taking photos and avoiding behaviours that may be disrespectful or harmful to the local culture.

7. Reduce your water and energy consumption

Conserve resources by taking shorter showers, turning off lights and electronics when not in use, and reusing towels and linens instead of requesting new ones every day.

8. Minimise your waste production

Dispose of waste properly and avoid littering. Consider bringing your own reusable utensils and food containers to reduce waste while dining out.

9. Choose activities that support local conservation efforts

When planning your itinerary, look for activities that promote environmental conservation and support local communities. You can choose to go on a nature hike, visit a local wildlife reserve, or participate in a beach clean-up. These activities will help to minimize your impact on the environment while supporting sustainable tourism practices.

10. Eat local and sustainable foods

Choose to eat locally-sourced and organic foods, as this supports the local economy and reduces your carbon footprint. You can also look for restaurants that use sustainable practices, such as composting food waste or using biodegradable packaging.

11. Offset your carbon footprint

Consider offsetting your carbon emissions by investing in carbon credits or supporting projects that promote renewable energy or reforestation. This can help to reduce the overall impact of your travel on the environment.

12. Avoid animal exploitation

Avoid activities that involve animal exploitation or contribute to the destruction of wildlife habitats. This includes avoiding activities such as elephant riding, tiger petting, or visiting venues that feature captive animals.

By following these tips, you can minimize your environmental impact while travelling and help to preserve the beauty and natural resources of the places you visit. Remember, being a responsible and eco-friendly traveller can also be an opportunity to support local communities and promote sustainable tourism practices.

What is the meaning of eco tourists?

Eco tourists are travellers who are interested in responsible and sustainable tourism practices, and who seek to minimize their impact on the environment and local cultures while travelling. They prioritize supporting local communities and businesses and engage in low-impact activities that promote environmental conservation and cultural immersion.

What is an example of eco tourism?

An example of eco tourism is visiting a nature reserve or national park and participating in low-impact activities such as hiking, wildlife watching, and birdwatching. Another example is staying at an eco-friendly resort that uses sustainable practices and supports the local economy.

What is the difference between a tourist and an eco tourist?

The main difference between a tourist and an eco tourist is that eco tourists prioritize responsible and sustainable tourism practices, and seek to minimize their impact on the environment and local cultures. Eco tourists often engage in low-impact activities, support local communities and businesses, and choose eco-friendly transportation and accommodations.

How can tourists be eco friendly?

Tourists can be eco-friendly by choosing low-impact activities, supporting local communities and businesses, and reducing their environmental impact by conserving resources such as water and energy, reducing waste, and choosing eco-friendly transportation options.

What are 4 benefits of eco tourism?

The benefits of eco tourism include supporting conservation efforts and protecting biodiversity, promoting sustainable economic development, providing opportunities for cultural exchange and education, and reducing the negative impact of traditional tourism on the environment and local cultures.

What activities do eco tourists do?

Eco tourists engage in low-impact activities that promote environmental conservation and cultural immersion, such as nature hikes, wildlife watching, and cultural immersion experiences. They may also choose to participate in sustainable agriculture tours, renewable energy tours, and community-based tourism activities.

Which countries have eco tourism?

Many countries around the world offer eco tourism opportunities, including Costa Rica, Ecuador, Australia, New Zealand, and Kenya. National parks, nature reserves, and wildlife sanctuaries are often popular destinations for eco tourists.

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Definition of 'ecotour'

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What is Ecotourism?

Mass tourism has a negative impact on the environment. Ecotourism is one of the ways we can help protect our world and all of its treasures.

Many people don’t realize that mass tourism has a negative impact on the environment. Effects include pollution, irresponsible depletion of resources, stress on local land, destruction of wildlife habitats, and more. Thankfully, there are measures we can take to preserve the integrity of an ecosystem. By making a conscious effort to engage in ecotourism, we can protect the natural beauty of places we visit and ensure they remain available for generations to come!

The World Is at Your Fingertips

Have you ever been on a scavenger hunt ? We create unique, exciting, and educational adventures around the world. Choose from hundreds of ghost tours , art walks, pub crawls , and traditional scavenger hunts. Each carefully planned challenge is designed to help you experience new places and make memories! These activities have minimal impact on the local environment. We encourage eco-friendly transportation, respect for each location, and responsible consumption. What’s better is that our app-led tours support locally owned businesses, landmarks, and services.

The Definition of Ecotourism

Simply put, ecotourism is responsible, sustainable nature tourism. The International Ecotourism Society ( TIES ) defines ecotourism as “responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people and involves interpretation and education.”

This non-invasive ethical form of travel predominantly focuses on experiencing and learning about natural environments. It supports sustainable initiatives through low impact and responsible consumption. Furthermore, it contributes to conservation efforts and can often produce economic benefits for the ecotourism destination.

People often confuse ecotourism with sustainable and responsible tourism. While the three certainly overlap, there are differences.

The Difference Between Ecotourism and Sustainable Tourism

The United Nations Environment Programme and World Trade Organization have defined sustainable tourism as “tourism that takes full account of its current and future economic, social and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment, and host communities.” Criteria defined by the Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC) is the baseline for expectations placed on individuals and groups involved in the sustainable travel industry.

The GSTC Criteria are based on minimum levels that businesses, destinations, and governments need to achieve to be sure that resources remain available and ongoing. In other words, to a certain degree, entities involved in tourism are expected to focus on not depleting natural resources so that ecological balance can be maintained. That is the essence of sustainability.

The goal is for tourism to find a balance within its economic, environmental, and socio-cultural aspects. While sustainable tourism refers to the use of sustainable practices in all tourism, ecotourism is a segment of sustainable travel focused on natural areas.

The Difference Between Ecotourism and Responsible Tourism

The phrase “responsible tourism” originated in the mid-1990s in the “ Development and Promotion of Tourism in South Africa ” white paper. Responsible tourism was defined as “tourism that promotes responsibility to the environment through its sustainable use; responsibility to involve local communities in the tourism industry, responsibility for the safety and security of visitors and responsible government, employees, employers, unions and local communities.”

Responsible tourism and sustainable tourism are related, but they are not the same. Responsible travel emphasizes what people actually do to address sustainability issues. What are travelers and people involved in responsible tourism taking responsibility for? What actions are they taking to protect and conserve resources? How are they helping to maintain ecological balance? Finally, it’s important to gauge whether or not their attempts have been successful.

Examples of responsible tourism include minimizing waste, practicing sustainable development (or supporting companies that do), practicing conservation, using renewable resources, leaving natural destinations exactly as you found them (or better off), and creating or following local guidelines that contribute to environmental protection.

So how does that relate to ecotourism? The Global Ecotourism Network ( GEN ) points out that ecotourism is responsible tourism. Specifically, it involves travel—to natural areas—that “conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and creates knowledge and understanding through interpretation and education of all involved (visitors, staff and the visited).”

Therefore, ecotourism is a subset of both sustainable and responsible tourism. While the goals of all three are congruent, ecotourism focuses on natural destinations.

The History of Ecotourism

Believe it or not, ecotourism has been around for decades. At the turn of the 20th century, in 1901 to be exact, workers took part in a trip dedicated to the preservation of forests. While this excursion was not given a special classification or name, it’s thought to be one of the earliest known examples of travel dedicated to conservation, sustainability, and protection of the environment.

Responsible travel took on new life in the 1960s and 70s, as more people became aware of the overconsumption of resources and the inevitable destruction of the planet. Travel to natural places was on an upswing, propelled, in part, by activism and the hippie movement.

Coining the Term

Fast forward to the early 1980s, and you’ll come across the origin of the word. Mexican Architect Héctor Ceballos-Lascuráin is credited with creating the term “ecotour” and providing its general meaning. This conservationist created ECOTOURS, an agency focused on eco-friendly travel, in 1984. Now hailed as an expert in the field, he has served as the Director-General of the Programme of International Consultancy on Ecotourism (PICE), a Special Advisor on Ecotourism to IUCN (The World Conservation Union), and an Advisor to the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO).

The Evolution of Ecotourism

In 1996, Ceballos-Lascuráin and the IUCN  published Tourism, Ecotourism, and Protected Areas: The State of Nature-Based Tourism Around the World and Guidelines for Its Development . Its purpose was to “show how tourism and protected areas can flourish alongside each other by guiding the development of tourism along lines which respect the limited capacity of many areas to absorb the pressure of visitors and their activities.”

Other notable figures in the early days of the movement included the World Wildlife Fund founder and chairman emeritus, Russell Train , wildlife biologist Megan Epler Wood , conservation expert Russell Mittermeier , and the godfather of biodiversity, Thomas Lovejoy . Although conservation and sustainability were new ideas and foreign concepts to many in the industry of tourism, these highly-educated and talented individuals put ecotourism on the map!

Today, even though it is now one of the fastest-growing sectors in the travel industry, the core values of ecotourism remain the same. Let’s explore some of its core principles.

Principles of Ecotourism

Ecotourism helps people and the planet! But to embark on a journey to a natural area responsibly means that you need to be aware of certain fundamental ideals.

1. Travel to (or support travel to) natural destinations.

The most basic tenet of ecotourism is that it involves visiting natural areas. Common ecotourism activities include:

• Hiking/Trekking
• Scuba Diving/Snorkeling
• Whitewater Rafting
• Wildlife Viewing/Photography

Popular destinations include national parks and protected areas. For example:

• Yellowstone National Park (United States)
• The Galapagos Islands (Ecuador)
• The Great Barrier Reef (Australia)
• Serengeti National Park (Tanzania)
• Monteverde Cloud Forest Biological Preserve (Costa Rica)

2. Minimize your negative impact.

Travel has physical impacts on land crossed and explored, as well as social, economic, behavioral, and psychological impacts on the inhabitants of those areas. Ecotourists show kindness to the environment, as well as those who live in and around their destinations. They respect those around them and always try to leave a place just it was, or better off than they found it.

As a traveler, you can help by:

• not littering.
• walking or biking, when possible.
• avoiding the urge to feed wildlife.
• staying on trails or within allowed areas when exploring.
• not purchasing products made from materials obtained through poaching or unsustainable practices.

Also, since ecotourism involves everyone in the industry and not just travelers, minimizing negative impact might include companies employing sustainable practices, tour guides educating travelers on indigenous people and cultural heritage, and dining establishments responsibly sourcing ingredients and materials.

3. Support environmental conservation.

In addition to performing actions that help conserve environmental resources, ecotourism encourages raising awareness through education and financially supporting ecological efforts. Thus, activities that help to fund conservation and protect biodiversity are optimal.

You can support conservation in your travels by:

• seeking out places with non-invasive infrastructure.
• keeping a safe distance from animals.
• avoiding hot spots in favor of small-scale, educational, nature-based tourism.
• choosing low-impact businesses for goods and services.
• keeping your carbon footprint to a minimum.

4. Contribute to the local economy.

Supporting conservation isn’t the only way ecotourism involves financial benefits. Activities that contribute to the local economy are also encouraged.

The ecotourism industry helps:

• support small and other locally owned businesses.
• increase employment and income in an area.
• diversify industries and organizations.

5. Create a positive experience.

It is crucial for both the ecotourism industry and travelers to create and sustain a positive atmosphere. The goal is that, while protecting the environment and inhabitants, those involved will present and enjoy unique and memorable experiences. You can do so by:

• engaging in pleasant and polite conversation.
• learning about the local area and teaching others.
• eating like a local.
• tipping for services.
• participating in traditions.

6. Respect local culture.

Learning about the indigenous people, cultural heritage, and experience of everyday life in a location can be enlightening and fascinating. Both organizations and travelers can participate in traditions, aid the empowerment of vulnerable groups, and keep culture alive through education and understanding.

There are also simple ways you can ensure that you are showing respect.

• Dress appropriately. Consider cultural norms.
• Learn about local beliefs, including superstitions, and act accordingly.
• Demonstrate proper etiquette, both in your dialogue and actions. Be mindful of any differences in the way certain words and gestures might be understood. You might even benefit from learning the local language!
• If you see something that confuses, disturbs, or frightens you, don’t make a scene. Try to gain an understanding by researching the details or respectfully asking questions.
• Be aware of your surroundings when taking photos. Try not to include people without their explicit permission.

7. Raise environmental awareness.

In addition to cultural awareness, ecotourists and companies involved in the industry must foster consistent awareness of the environment, its needs, and what is required to sustain it.

• Set a good example by always being an active participant in environmental protection and conservation.
• Bring attention to problematic situations so that they can be dealt with.
• Create, contribute to, promote, or attend educational events.

Effects and Complications of Ecotourism

Benefits of ecotourism.

There are several environmental, economic, and social benefits to ecotourism. It has the power to:

• connect tourists to nature.
• support research dedicated to the preservation of the environment.
• promote species awareness.
• decrease the exploitation of land (e.g. deforestation) and animals (e.g. poaching).
• foster biodiversity—biological variety and variability of life on our planet.
• finance conservation efforts.
• improve local life and preserve culture and traditions.
• diversify the local economy.
• add jobs and improve income.
• promote health and wellbeing.

Challenges of Ecotourism

While ecotourism has many benefits, it also has some challenges. They include:

• Finding a Balance: Even though ecotourism is kinder to the environment, any increase in the popularity of a destination carries a risk of increasing interest and exploitation of the area. It’s tough to find a balance between promoting eco-friendly travel and falling into patterns that harm the land and inhabitants.
• Nuisance Travel: Even ecotourism can negatively impact local life. Too much of a good thing can still be … too much. An area being marketed as a tourist destination can lead to an influx of lower-paying service jobs and, sometimes, a loss of high-paying careers. Additionally, indigenous people sometimes become vulnerable to exploitation.
• Price Increases: Tourism—even ecotourism—can drive prices up. This means that both travelers and residents often have to pay more for goods and services.
• Greenwashing: Some people and organizations try to hop on the bandwagon by advertising that they are eco-friendly, when the reality is that they spend more time, energy, and money on building a reputation than actually helping the environment. It can be difficult to differentiate true ecotourism resources from fraud.

How to Support Ecotourism

There are many ways to consciously conserve and protect while engaging in ecotourism, but here are five simple rules that travelers can follow:

1. Research before you travel.

When planning a vacation , investigate transportation options, travel destinations, accommodations, tour operators, dining establishments, etc. and choose those that support, and promote sustainability. When in doubt, seek out a travel planner who understands and promotes ecotourism.

2. Be respectful.

Respect people, wildlife, and the environment wherever you go. Follow rules and guidelines, engage with residents, and observe animals without interfering in their lives.

3. Minimize resources and waste.

Even in our daily lives, it’s important to try to reduce, reuse, and recycle. Sometimes, for the sake of convenience, we get lazy while on a vacation. We shouldn’t! Be mindful about the materials and resources you use, even while you’re indulging in some rest and relaxation.

4. Buy local.

While traveling, try to learn about the area and support local artisans, small businesses, and other industries. Tourism can offer a necessary boost to an area’s economy.

5. Support organizations that participate in sustainable practices.

Whether it’s choosing to use services or buy products from eco-conscious companies or donating to organizations that promote sustainability, it’s important to support ecotourism.

Closing Thoughts

In summary, ecotourism focuses on travel in natural areas. Its goal is to conserve the environment and sustain the wellbeing of local sources and inhabitants. It’s important because it ensures the continued availability of an area so you and others can enjoy it, responsibly, for the foreseeable future, and beyond.

If you’re interested in ecotourism, you might also benefit from our Tips for Traveling Green . If you have any thoughts on being a responsible traveler in natural areas, please let us know in the comment section.

Next time you’re looking for a way to travel on foot through a town near you or major cities throughout the world , don’t forget to download the Let’s Roam app and try one of our ghost tours , pub crawls , or many scavenger hunts . Happy travels!

Frequently Asked Questions

Ecotourism is responsible travel in natural areas. It involves conservation of resources, preservation of the environment, and respect for inhabitants and local culture.

Ecotourism stakeholders include the local community, travelers, agents or agencies, providers of goods and services, local governments, and concerned ecological groups.

Sustainable tourism focuses on preserving natural resources so that ecological balance can be maintained. Subsets of sustainable travel include responsible tourism and ecotourism .

In the U.S., national parks are popular destinations for ecotourism . Travelers also love the Galapagos Islands, the Great Barrier Reef, Serengeti National Park, and just about anywhere in Costa Rica!

Let’s Roam scavenger hunts involve minimal impact on the environment. We encourage eco-friendly transportation and respect for each location. Additionally, our tours help support the local economy.

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What is ecotourism and why is it so important?

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We’ve all heard of the term ecotourism, but how many of us know what is really means?

The term ecotourism gets thrown about way too much these days, with people claiming to be ‘ecotourists’, when they don’t really understand the principles of ecotourism. Well, I intend to change this!

Today, I will teach you what you need to know about ecotourism. I will cover what is ecotourism, definitions of ecotourism, why it is important, the history of ecotourism and the principles of ecotourism. I will also provide a brief history of how the concept came about. Towards the end of this article I discuss the advantages and disadvantages of ecotourism (this is the important stuff- don’t close the page before you reach this part!). Finally, we will look at some famous examples of ecotourism around the world.

Are you ready to learn more about ecotourism? Keep scrolling and by the end of this article you will know everything you need to about ecotourism…

The difference between sustainable tourism and ecotourism

What is ecotourism a simple explanation, ecotourism definitions, why is ecotourism important, history of ecotourism, provide long term benefits, promote responsibility, minimise negative impacts, demonstrate strong leadership and management, offer site-sensitive accommodation, provide first-hand experiences, demonstrate sustainable tourism practices, integrate tourism into planning, support the local economy, work with stakeholders, staff training, responsible marketing, undertake research, ecotourism activities, environmental advantages, economic advantages, social advantages, environmental disadvantages, economic disadvantages, social disadvantages, ecotourism in costa rica, ecotourism in kenya, ecotourism in the gambia, ecotourism in norway, ecotourism in belize, further reading.

Before we begin to discuss the concept of ecotourism, I would clear up a common misnomer about the difference between sustainable tourism and ecotourism. Sustainable tourism and ecotourism are NOT THE SAME. They are two different concepts with different underlying principles.

An ecotourism project doesn’t, by definition, have to be sustainable . And sustainable tourism doesn’t have to involve the environment (remember- there are THREE pillars to sustainable tourism. Didn’t know this? Then you should definitely take a look at my article on sustainable tourism ).

Here is the major difference:

• Ecotourism is focussed predominantly around the notion of environment.
• Sustainable tourism is focussed on the practical longevity of tourism.

In actual fact, ecotourism is often (although sadly not always-more about this later) an example of sustainable tourism. It comes under the umbrella of sustainable tourism. It is just one example of sustainable tourism.

OK, so is that clear now? Sustainable tourism and ecotourism are NOT THE SAME.

Right, I’m glad that we have that one cleared up. Now lets get on with the article…. so what exactly is ecotourism?

You stumbled across this article because you want to know more about ecotourism, right? So lets start with a simple explanation…

To put it simply, ecotourism is responsible travel to natural areas which conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people.

There are generally three dimensions to any ecotourism project:

• It is based around nature
• An environmental education is provided
• It is sustainably managed

Of course, there are many discrepancies over exactly what ecotourism should look like and how it should be managed. Each project is unique and operates in its own way.

However, as a general rule of thumb, we can assume that if a project is designated as an ecotourism venture, it will involve nature, provide education about said nature and operate sustainably.

As with most types of tourism , there are many definitions that have been developed within both the academic community and by various stakeholders of tourism to identify the concept of ecotourism.

The first formal definition of ecotourism was developed by Ceballos-Lascuráin in 1987. He defined ecotourism as; ‘ travelling to relatively undisturbed or uncontaminated natural areas with the specific objective of studying, admiring, and enjoying the scenery and its wild plants and animals, as well as any existing cultural manifestations (both past and present) found in these areas’.

Since this time, the concept has evolved somewhat, and in 1993 Wight suggested that ecotourism was a sub-sector of sustainable tourism, identifying it as an ‘ ethical overlay’ of tradition nature-based tourism.

Tickell (1994) simply summarised ecotourism as ‘travel to enjoy the world’s amazing diversity of natural life and human culture without causing damage to either’.

And the International Ecotourism Society states that ‘ around the world, ecotourism has been hailed as a panacea: a way to fund conservation and scientific research, protect fragile and pristine ecosystems, benefit rural communities, promote development in poor countries, enhance ecological and cultural sensitivity, instil environmental awareness and a social conscience in the travel industry, satisfy and educate the discriminating tourist, and, some claim, build world peace.’

As I explain at length in my article on the environmental impacts of tourism , it is important that we protect the environment. Ecotourism is a great way to do this.

We are destroying our planet. It’s happening and it’s happening fast. The population is expanding globally at a rapid rate. And with this we have more waste, more energy consumption and more crowding .

Tourism is inherently one of the most environmentally destructive activities on the planet. Taking just one transatlantic flight omits more pollution into the air per passenger than the average daily commute to work (in the UK) for a year.

Did this surprise you? Head on over to the WWF website to calculate your carbon footprint .

And do you know what the most ironic thing is? Tourism RELIES on the very environment that it damages! Go figure, huh?!

Ecotourism is important because it promotes awareness. It educates people about biodiversity, nature and wildlife. It helps to conserve and protect species and wildlife.

Ecotourism plays an important role in the recent history of tourism . The exact origins of the concept of ecotourism are not entirely clear. But what we do know for sure is that its really started to gain some gravitas in the 60’s and 70s.

In 1965, Hetzer was one of the first to address the concept of ecotourism, by identifying four pillars of responsible tourism. The four pillars, also referred to as principles are:

• minimising environmental impacts
• respecting the host culture
• maximising the benefits to the local community
• Maximising tourist satisfaction

It was the first ‘pillar’ that gained the most attention, highlighting the notion of ecological (aka eco) tourism.

Some argue that the term itself was coined by a Mexican environmentalist named Héctor Ceballos-Lascuráin. Lascurain used the word ecotourism to describe his travels to natural, unspoilt areas, where tourists could appreciate and enjoy the natural beauty and culture. This is an example of the ‘pure’ ecotourism noted in the diagram above.

Lascurain later became the founding president of the Mexican Association for the Conservation of Nature. In the 1980s he was the most influential Mexican in the environmental conservation sector. In 1984 he founded the first Mexican ecotourism travel agency , which he named Ecotours.

The word ‘ecotour’ was formally recorded in the Oxford English Dictionary in 1973 and the term ecotourism followed in1982. Despite the term being absent from the dictionary until the 80s, academics continued to address the issue prior to this. Early references to ecotourism were found in Millar’s work in 1978. Millar examined national park planning for ecodevelopment in Latin America.

It was in the 1980s that the understanding of the term ecotourism began to become widespread. This was the result of an increased awareness of environmental impacts of tourism , alongside a growing dissatisfaction for mass tourism . By the mid 1980s, many countries had identified ecotourism as a way of achieving environmental conservation and economic production. At this time many ecotourism projects were in the planning and development stage .

In the early 90s Epler Wood founded The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) . The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) is a nonprofit organisation dedicated to promoting ecotourism. They help organisations, communities and individuals promote and practice the principles of ecotourism. The organisation currently has members in more than 190 countries and territories, with a range of tourism stakeholders involved including: academics, consultants, conservation professionals and organisations, governments, architects, tour operators, lodge owners and managers, general development experts, and ecotourists.

In 2002, the World Ecotourism Summit further addressed the concept of ecotourism. The outcome of the summit was that 8 postulates were developed, these stipulated that ecotourism should:

• have a natural area focus that ensures visitors have the opportunity to personally and directly experience nature
• provide interpretation or educational services that give visitors the opportunity to experience nature in ways that lead to greater understanding, appreciation and enjoyment
• represent best practice in ecological sustainability practices
•  contribute to conservation of natural areas and cultural heritage
• provide ongoing contributions to the local community
• respect and be sensitive to the culture/s existing in the area
• consistently meet consumer expectations
• be marketed and promoted honestly and accurately so that realistic expectations are formed

Since this time, awareness and popularity of ecotourism has continued to grow. It is estimated that ecotourism represents approximately 15% of all tourist expenditure. The sector continues to grow at around 5% each year. Despite the recent COVID-19 pandemic bringing travel and tourism almost to a complete halt, there continues to be a strong desire and interest for eco-based holidays.

The principles of ecotourism

Ecotourism is identifiable because of its underlying principles. These are the aspects that make up the concept, that define what ecotourism is, how is occurs and what it means. Below, I have briefly outlined what the principles of ecotourism are.

Ecotourism should be designed to provide benefits to the local environment and the local community. This includes aspects such as regeneration, employment, improved social services, research, protection of flora and fauna, growth of species and the protection of wildlife.

These benefits should be long lasting, demonstrating that the ecotourism project is sustainable.

Education is a core principle of ecotourism.

Ecotourism should educate the tourists who visit about the local area and the wildlife that resides within it. It should also educate other tourism stakeholders including the host community, Government, NGOs and the industry as a whole.

Ecotourism provides opportunity for research and development and for both locals and tourists to really gain an understanding of the biological diversity on offer.

Ecotourism should promote ethical and moral responsibility amongst all of those involved.

Tourists, local and other stakeholders should be aware the impacts of their actions and act responsibility.

The negative impacts of tourism should be minimised at all times.

This includes environmental aspects such as littering, erosion , displacement of animals, trampling and pollution.

It also includes social impacts such as globalisation, cultural erosion , enhancing disparities etc.

Ecotourism should demonstrate a strong management approach. This includes management of the physical area as well as the people within it.

Strong management should prevent over-visitation and overtourism , and to promote responsible behaviour amongst tourists. This could include the implementation of various interventions, such as limiting visitors numbers as a given time, blocking off certain areas or providing educational materials.

There are many different types of accommodation offered in ecotourism destinations, not just eco lodges.

In order to adhere to the principles of ecotourism, any accommodation that is associated with the concept of ecotourism should be site-sensitive. This means that it is not wasteful of local resources or destructive to the environment. It should also provide ample opportunity for learning about the environment and for sensitive cultural exchange with local communities.

Ecotourism typically facilitates first-hand experiences with nature. This comes in different shapes and forms, from staying in an ecolodge in the jungle, to birdwatching, to working in turtle conservation in Costa Rica.

First-hand experiences help people to learn easier. And education is another core principle of ecotourism. It also fosters a culture of appreciation.

As I outlined at the beginning of this post, ecotourism is a form of sustainable tourism (most of the time). Therefore, eco tourism should demonstrate a commitment to the three pillars of sustainable tourism: the environment, society and the economy.

In doing so, the ecotourism project should minimise any negative impacts and maximise any positive impacts to the environment, society and the economy.

Tourism planning is important and ecotourism should demonstrate a strong planning process that involves all tourism stakeholders .

Tourism development should be integrated into national and local strategic planning frameworks. These frameworks should undertake environmental impact assessments, as wells other sustainability assessments as part of the planning process.

Economic leakage in tourism should be avoided. Activities should take economic impacts to account, whilst continuing to ensure environmental conservation.

Economic benefits should be aimed towards the local economy and communities.

In order for ecotourism to be sustainable it requires commitment by all stakeholders. This includes members of the local community, staff, tourists and different levels of Government.

Adequate staff training will help to teach employees about sustainable tourism practices. Staff can be taught how to integrate sustainable practices into their work lives.

Responsible ecotourism businesses and destinations should ensure that marketing material is informative and education. It should demonstrate a sincere respect for the natural, social and cultural environments of destination areas.

Research is a powerful tool. Ecotourism destinations should facilitate ongoing research. This will enable to best management strategies to be adopted in the destination and elsewhere.

There are many different types of ecotourism and different ecotourism activities.

A tourist can choose to go on an ecotourism holiday, whereby most aspects of their trip revolve around the concept of ecotourism. Or they can incorporate some elements of ecotourism into their holiday. For example, I stayed in an ecolodge in The Gambia as part of a larger trip visiting the country, the ecotourism element accounted for about 20% of my visit.

Below is a list of ecotourism activities. This list is not exhaustive.

• staying in an ecolodge
• birdwatching
• bike riding
• jungle trekking
• mountain climbing
• volunteering
• wildlife spotting
• sightseeing
• educational tours
• photography
• horse riding

Advantages of ecotourism

Ecotourism can be a fantastic way to bring money into the local economy whilst also satisfying societal needs and conserving the natural environment. Of course, for this to be successful there needs to be strong management, but it is entirely possible.

Of course, the major positive impact of ecotourism is the way that it can help to protect the environment. This can happen in many ways, from raising money that can be spent on environmental research, to encouraging tourists to volunteer to help with breeding programmes of animals that are near extinction.

Ecotourism helps to keep destinations and areas natural and unspoilt. It promotes regrowth of flora and fauna. It encourages diversification of wildlife.

Ecotourism also has many economic advantages.

It creates employment for local people. It brings in foreign currency (if international tourists are targeted). It raises money through taxation, which can then be reinvested in important areas such as education and healthcare.

Ecotourism can also have positive impacts on the local community. Facilities and infrastructure (such as new roads or shops) that are developed for tourism can often be utilised by the local people too. And the money raised through tourism can help to enhance their lives. For example, the money might be used to build a new doctors surgery or social club.

One of the core principles of ecotourism is education. Therefore ecotourism can help to raise awareness of important issues. Issues that may previously gone under the radar can now be exposed on the global stage. This can help their cause and further the preservation and conservation work that is already ongoing.

Disadvantages of ecotourism

Ecotourism is not perfect and there are also disadvantages that should be noted. Good planning and sustainable management should aim to reduce these negative impacts.

Ecotourism often occurs in areas that have fragile ecosystems. These areas sometimes struggle to accommodate the tourists and their associated ecotourism activities. Think Antarctica or the Maldives . Known as ‘last chance tourism’, tourists are often encouraged to visit these areas before it is ‘too late’.

Many tourists choose to visit a particular destination because it is mating, breeding or hunting season. This is because these are the best times to get a good look at the wildlife. The problem is, however, that the presence of tourists may impact the behaviour of the animals- they may choose to mate less frequently, thus reducing population sizes, for example.

Whilst ecotourism is by definition a small and intimate venture, is often exceeds capacity limits for a given location. In other words, it presents itself as overtourism , whereby there are more tourists than the destination can comfortable cope with. This then has adverse impacts on the local area- the environment and society.

Even if the tourist activities at the ecotourism destination have a small environmental impact, there may have been significant impact caused during the tourist’s journey to get there. For example, an ecotourist visiting the Ecuadorian Amazon from the UK will have to take a 15 hour flight to get there! The amount of carbon produced in this single flight would be more than the average person produces in an entire year.

Ecotourism isn’t usually cheap. And there is no denying that it has huge economic benefits. However, much of the money spent goes to foreign-owned tour operators , travel agents and airlines. This economic leakage reduces the positive impacts to the local area.

The market for ecotourism is specialised and in order to market their product, many ecotourism ventures partner with larger tour operators, most of whom are based in the Global North. This means that much of the money spent by tourists does not end up in the local area where the tourism takes place, but instead is directed back to major economies such as the USA and the UK. The most money is retained by individual travellers, who do not book via an intermediary.

As I explain ion my article about Butler’s Tourism Area Lifecycle , social impacts increase with the number of visitors. As ecotourism grows in an area, so do the social impacts.

As ecotourism often takes place in place is locations that are somewhat remote, the local population number is often small. This means that it is not uncommon for tourist numbers to be higher than the number of people who live in the area permanently.

This can cause many social impacts , such as resentment, theft, cultural erosion , globalisation , loss of language and more.

In some instances, the development and growth of ecotourism has resulted in the displacement of local people. Dedicated protected areas and conservation efforts will sometimes mean that local people can no longer continue their traditional line of work. This could include hunting wildlife or selling souvenirs made from local wildlife or plant species.

Whilst the ideals of ecotourism are pure, the local community will not be receptive to the idea if this means taking away their ability to make enough money to feed their families or send their children to school. In cases such as this, effective top-down management is required to ensure that people are provided with alternative employment and training, where necessary. However, the reality is that this often does not happen.

Ecotourism examples

There are plenty of examples of ecotourism throughout the world. Here are my top five:

Costa Rica has a well developed ecotourism industry. In fact, is claims to be the world leader in ecotourism!

From zip lining and walking along the tree tops on the Arenal Hanging Bridges to mountain top walks in the Monteverde Cloud Forest to giant turtle breeding in Tortuguero, there is plenty to do in Costa Rica for the eco-conscious traveller.

With its wide open plains, abundant wildlife and bucket loads of culture, it is no wonder that Kenya is a popular ecotourism destination.

Kenya has a wide range of ecotourism activities. There are unique cultural activities for tourists to take part in here, such as visiting the Masaii Mara tribe.

There is also plenty to do in terms of wildlife. You can undertake a volunteer tourism programme, climb Mount Kilimanjaro or go on safari, amongst other things. Oh, the David Sheldrick Wildlife Trust is highly rated too.

As I mentioned earlier, I had my very first ecolodge experience in The Gambia.

We stayed far away from the main tourist resorts in Footsteps Ecolodge . Here we ate ethical sourced food, used a compost toilet and spent our days relaxing on a deserted, unspoilt sandy beach overlooking Senegal. It was pure bliss!

Norway prides itself on its sustainable tourism principles.

Offering a variation of tours and holidays in the fjords and mountainous areas, Norway promotes many experiences that promote unspoilt nature and sustainability.

Almost 1/3 of Belize is protected in national parks, nature reserves or sanctuaries.

Belize have done a lot to demonstrate their commitment to sustainability in recent years. They have banned single use plastic cutlery and banned offshore drilling. After years of conservation efforts, the barrier reef has now been removed from the danger list.

It is no wonder that the National Geographic has Belize at the top of their ecotourism list.

Now that I have taught you the basics of ecotourism, I suggest that you do a bit more reading. I have plenty of useful articles on this website and there are also some fantastic books that I recommend. I have listed these below for you.

Useful books-

• Ecotourism and Sustainable Development: Who Owns Paradise? – the most comprehensive overview of worldwide ecotourism available today, showing how both the concept and the reality have evolved over more than twenty-five years
• Ecotourism: Transitioning to the 22nd Century – a critical introduction to the analysis of tourism from a sociological and geographical perspective, the title is essential reading for higher-level and graduate students and researchers in tourism, sociology and geography.
• How to be a highly Sustainable Tourist: A Guidebook for the Conscientious Traveller – a great guide with tips on how to travel sustainably
• The Intrepid Traveler: The ultimate guide to responsible, ecological, and personal-growth travel and tourism – Leading travel expert Adam Rogers draws upon 40 years of experience exploring more than 130 countries in every region on Earth to share the smartest ways to travel in this tip-filled guide
• Outdoor Recreation: Environmental Impacts and Management – an academic text discussing the sustainability of outdoor pursuits
• Sustainable and Responsible Tourism: Trends, Practices and Cases – Sustainable tourism case studies from around the world
• Responsible Tourism: Using tourism for sustainable development – a textbook addressing the concept of sustainability in terms in development

Useful articles on this website-

• Sustainable tourism explained: What, why and where
• Economic impacts of tourism
• Environmental impacts of tourism
• Social impacts of tourism
• Authenticity in tourism
• Economic leakage in tourism

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10 Reasons to Take an Eco Tour

The word Ecology is defined as ‘The relationships between the air, land, water, animals, plants, etc., usually of a particular area, or the scientific study of this’. ( Cambridge dictionary )

‘Ecology, as the living state and structure of the environment. To combine ecology and tourism in a way which does no harm to the environment and allows for the traveler to learn about the environment is the act of ecotourism.

By observing and experiencing nature, we are able to learn about its functions and mechanisms. On eco-friendly trips that engage in activities that protect wildlife and the natural environment, preserve archeological sites and indigenous cultures, we have the opportunity to be active participants in preservation efforts.

There are three main pillars of the concept of ecotourism for sustainable tourism: Conservation of nature and culture, economic return of profits to local communities, and the learning experiences of the travellers. An eco-tour is a tour that turns these experiences into actions.

1. Contribute to environmental protection through eco-tours

Ecotours themselves include activities aimed at environmental protection (such as planting trees and maintaining trails, etc). Many tours direct all or part of the profit from the ecotours, into environmental protection efforts. Indirect contributions to environmental protection also exist in the form of admission fees to national parks and nature reserves, which are used to maintain, protect and improve and preserve the environment in the protected area.

2. Contribute to cultural preservation through ecotours

Visits to archeological sites, admission fees to cultural museums and taking culture tours, all contribute to cultural preservation.

Culture can be a delicate issue. Issues with regard to the relationship with indigenous peoples, such as the Aboriginal case of tourists climbing Ayers Rock, a sacred site for the Aborigines, or the Nordic Sami culture regarding tourism activities. Sometimes this can be challenging, because some tour companies can have doubts about the traditional costumes, traditional happenings or do not communicate well with the indigenous people. This is why it’s recommended to give consideration not only to the tour itself but also to the fact that the culture was properly communicated in the form desired by the indigenous people and to consider the indigenous people’s cultural activities. It is important to check the policies of the tour company in this regard.

3. Prevent extra damage to the environment and culture by being aware of and practicing the principles of ecotourism 

Being aware, on the part of travellers, can help to prevent both environmental and cultural damage. Some examples of awareness are: not littering, using sunscreen which is deemed safe for the coral reefs, not approaching or touching animals, not giving unreasonable items to the local children, booking direct flights, travelling by foot / bike or using local transport to reduce emissions. There are many things that one has control of, which can make a difference.

4. Contribute to local communities through ecotours

One thing travellers should pay attention to is if the ecotour utilises the services of local companies and accomodations. Sustainable & ecotourism involves benefiting the local community. When payments are directed towards local tour / ranger guides and ecolodges, it is income for and employment of local residents.

5. You can eat delicious things that you can get locally on the eco tour

‘Local production for local consumption.’ This is a good phrase to remember and simply means to consume locally produced products, locally. Both food waste and CO2 emissions can be reduced by consuming only what is needed, and sourced locally. In addition to this, one is able to enjoy delicious meals made with locally grown ingredients, and maybe to even discover a new ingredient which one has never tried before!

6. You can learn more about the locals through eco-tours

When on an ecotour, there is high probability that one will be visiting a nature park or nature reserve with a local guide, such as a ranger. These rangers are experts in the local culture and the nature. They will certainly tell you much about the locals, the nature, the flora and fauna of the area. A days worth of learning will be of much higher value to you, than if you went around yourself and these stories went unsaid.

7. One can grow through the ecotour experience

Participating in an ecotour raises awareness about the environment. Acting as a trigger for thought, one may experience deep-thoughts on various issues, such as environmental issues and local socio-economic-political issues within the community. Through such awareness, one is able to reflect on one’s own growth.

8. Educate children through eco-tours

Families with children are able to benefit from ecotours. As children are more inclined to soak in their surroundings and retain the information more than most adults, ecotourism is an excellent source of information for them.  Learning how to interact with the environment from childhood is valuable. Take the time to discuss the meaning and significance of environmental protections with your children, and the actions that they can take in daily life.

9. Influence others by reviewing ecotours

You don’t need 1million followers on instagram to be an influencer. Your thoughts and opinions matter! Many people do some internet research about their chosen destinations before making arrangements. By sharing your positive experiences online, as well as while chatting with friends, you can positively influence others. In the long term, the higher the number of people participating in ecotours, the higher the demand. As the tourism industry caters to high demand, this could help to transition the tourism industry into a more eco-friendly entity.

10. After doing good things for earth in the ecotour, it feels good!

It feels good to be on an environmentally friendly journey. The satisfaction that comes when making earth-friendly decisions, is good!

People sometimes think that their individual actions do not have an affect on the larger issue. However, you must remind yourself that these actions accumulate. Many small actions, make bigger actions. Oftentimes we do not even realise the effect our daily choices have on the whole. There are many millions of tourists every year. Think about the effect it will have if even half of those make small, more environmentally aware tourism decisions. “Many a little makes a mickle ” meaning that even though it is a small thing, when it accumulates, the impact will be bigger.

One thing to note is that despite the name Eco Tour, there are regular tours that exist which are not really ecotours. Unfortunately, some tourism operators ‘greenwash’ their options to appeal to the sustainable market. These are usually just a tour that looks good which includes the name ‘eco’. In order to avoid these greenwashing tactics and make informed decisions, these are the 3 things that will make it an ecotour:

• Conservation of nature and culture
• Economic return of profits to local communities
• Provides a learning experience for the travellers

It is very important to check the contents and motivation of the tours, and to ask questions if the information is not readily available. If you are unsure, you may prefer to select an ecotourism certified organisation, company or service.

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What Is Eco-Travel? Here's Every Type Of Eco-Tourism You Should Know About

Here's what travelers should know about eco-tourism and sustainable travel.

• Eco-travel refers to responsible travel that takes into consideration and protects the local ecology, while also enhancing the environment and increasing local communities' well-being.
• Sustainable tourism aims to maximize positive benefits while minimizing negative ones, focusing on economic, societal, and environmental challenges. Responsible tourism considers all potential effects and works to minimize them wherever possible.
• Eco-tourism comes in various forms, including eco-logging (choosing environmentally sensitive lodgings), agrotourism (traveling to remote farming villages), community development (volunteering to reduce negative effects of mass tourism), and eco tours (visiting unusual or endangered places to learn and promote conservation).

Mesmerizing white-sand beaches , magnificent scenery, and the thrill of getting lost in a new place come to mind when tourists think about traveling. Additionally, travelers get excited about discovering the strange noises and scents, the delicious cuisine, and the amazing people immersing themselves in new settings and ways of cultures that are very different from their own. No matter where tourists decide to go, they can act responsibly and eco-friendly, making a positive impact on their destinations.

The trend of traveling the world with an eco-friendly mentality and knowledge is expanding rapidly. People all over the world are beginning to be more eco-conscious and are making efforts in every aspect to help heal the environment. Travel is included in this, as traveling sustainably is gaining in popularity. Here's what to know about eco-tourism to enjoy more sustainable travel , no matter where you go.

Related: These Unique Destinations Are Earth-Day Approved For The Sustainable, Eco-Minded Traveler

What Is Eco-Travel?

Essentially, eco-travel refers to responsible travel . When individuals go overseas, they may stop at places where tourism takes into consideration and protects the local ecology. The aim of eco-tourism is adventure travel that improves and maintains the environment while increasing local communities' well-being.

Eco-travel provides tourists with a more genuine adventure experience and more chances to establish long-lasting relationships with locals while also enhancing the environment.

All forms of eco-tourism and green travel are included in eco-travel. Therefore, eco-travel encompasses all forms of responsible travel as well as sustainable, ethical, and culturally conscious travel.

In fact, there are many different interpretations of these concepts, but they all stem from the same mentality. In other words, an eco-traveler is someone who prefers to travel sustainably.

• Eco-tourism destinations: Costa Rica, Ecuador, Kenya, Nepal, Madagascar, and more.

Sustainable Vs. Responsible Tourism

Both responsible and sustainable tourism are based on the fundamental ideas of addressing economic, societal, and environmental challenges. The core principles of sustainable tourism aim to maximize positive benefits while minimizing negative ones.

According to various publications on ecology, sustainable tourism is a collection of growth strategies that aim to fulfill present requirements without sacrificing or jeopardizing the capacity of future generations and travelers to meet their own.

Nowadays, sustainable tourism gaining popularity as a significant form of trave l . On the other hand, there is another important form of tourism: responsible tourism. It is practiced, carried out, or engaged in responsibly by all parties.

It is closely related to sustainable tourism in that it considers all potential economic, social, and environmental effects while working to minimize them wherever feasible.

Types Of Eco-Tourism

There are several ways to increase the sustainability of travel. Responsible eco-tourism comes in many different forms for tourists. Here are a few eco-tourism types:

Eco-Logging

Choosing lodgings that were constructed with environmental sensitivity in mind is known as eco-logging. Socially responsible travelers can book to stay in a range from luxury eco-resorts , which are built in secluded locations and include eco-tourism activities like kayaking, hiking, or bird watching, to motels and hostels constructed with sustainable materials or in natural surroundings.

Agrotourism

Agrotourism or agritourism is traveling to or helping out in remote farming villages . Ecotourists might collaborate with the locals to offer sustainable assistance or to learn more about the sustainable agricultural practices used in that region.

Related: 10 Best Destinations For Eco-Travel To Add To Your Travel Checklist

Community Development

Volunteering opportunities with a focus on reducing the negative effects of industrialization and mass tourism are called community development activities. Ecotourists can build homes, plant trees, or pick up local skills. To promote cultural awareness, they might work as volunteers at research facilities, museums, or schools.

The eco-tour is going on tours to unusual or endangered places to learn more about the area and promote conservation. Sustainable tourists can go caving, rafting, hiking, rock climbing, swimming, sailing, and bird viewing.

Which Type Of Eco-Tourist Are You?

There are three types of eco-tourists: adventurous, soft, and hard. Despite having a similar passion, they choose slightly different types and intensities of eco-friendly travel. From those seeking to experience the wild outdoors to those seeking luxury that is environmentally friendly.

For example, they can book a sustainable and luxurious resort in GCC or interact with wildlife . They are influencing the market and are seasoned travelers. Hard eco-tourists are interested in nature photography, bird watching, and botanical excursions and are driven by a scientific interest in nature.

They occasionally engage in activities that need hard work and lodgings other than hotels. They may request additional facilities at hotels and resorts.

Soft eco-tourism is the category with the quickest growth. This kind enjoys taking in the local culture and seeing the wildlife . Their preferred pastime is hiking, which they find less strenuous than hard eco-tourists.

Adventure eco-tourists make up the third category. This type partakes in activities with a moderate to high level of danger, such as sport fishing, windsurfing, snorkeling, scuba diving, and whitewater rafting. These people are the challenge- and adrenaline-seeking kinds.