e46 cruise control module

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Adding Cruise Control to Pre Facelift

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I'll preface this post by saying I did as much research as I could before resorting to starting a new topic. I have found lots of great information but I've also found some small details that seem like they could cause issues with my car. I have a manual 2001 325xi Touring with the Sports and Cold Weather packages. It does not have the multifunction steering wheel or BC button on the turn signal stock. I really would like to add cruise control. From what I understand, it can be done, but many of the tutorials I have seen say it only works for cars with a build date of post 2001/03 or 09 (conflicting information). Either way, my car has a build date of 2000/10/20. I included a picture of my steering wheel. I purchased this Cruise Control Wiring Kit https://www.ecstuning.com/b-genuine-bmw-parts/cruise-control-wiring-kit/61120016012/ from ECS Tuning for about $32 after shipping. I found this multifunction panel on eBay for $45 inc. shipping that I think I should jump at. https://www.ebay.com/itm/193398009432 Will these parts work with my car? Thanks in advance.  

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Electrically I don't see any reason your car wouldn't support cruise.  

Cruise is just code for an electric throttle, right, Terra? So Josh, I have a June '01 330 that has cruise. If you add the switches, all you should have to do is code the ECU. Maybe the dash? t not electronically grounded  

Yeah on the DBW cars it's all controlled through the DME. Since he still has an MS43 car, and in fact most 2001 cars came with cruise anyway, it'd definitely doable. Only question is if he has to add extra wiring or something, but the harness seems fairly complete.  

There is a need for a new wire that goes to a pin on the ecu that denotes cruise is on. No coding required. May come with the wiring. Also may need to check the stop and clutch switches work and are wired for cruise. I did this on my 330 and have a thread on this.  

Thanks for the help everyone. I have ordered the wire kit and the multifunction button panel. I'll let you all know how it goes. Definitely should've done this earlier on if it only ends up costing the $80 I've spent so far.  

Well, I added the wiring kit, multifunction steering wheel plate, and a new turn signal stock with the BC button (didn't have a BC button before), and I thought it all went pretty well until I turned it on. When I turned the key to position 2, the horn was stuck on which freaked me out as I wasn't expecting it. I instantly went online to see what could be the problem and a lot of people said some type of metal was coming in contact with the horn and the steering wheel (usually a screw). So I unhooked the battery again, waited 15 minutes, and took the airbag back off. Lone behold, a torx bit was sitting in one of the screws that holds the faceplate to the wheel. I had been using one of those magnetic screwdrivers that you put the bit in and it was pretty dimly lit while I was finishing off so I guess it got left there. I was actually happy to find the bit as I assumed that's what was causing my problems. I plugged the battery in again and turned it on and the horn was blaring again!! This really mystified me but I decided to pull the 2 fuses for the horn just so I could see any other error lights without the horn blaring. Unfortunately the airbag light was on which could mean a couple things. #1, The airbag light has been coming on intermediately every once in a while and I know it has something to do with the seatbelt buckle because sometimes just messing with that has turned the light off. #2, It could mean I messed something up while doing this multifunction plate conversion. I really tried my best to be extremely careful while handling and removing the connectors so I'm not sure what would cause this. Other than the airbag light, the only other lights that I noticed for the first time were the red taillight indicators on the dash (something to do with new BC button?). I have never seen them illuminated on my car before. However, I do know something is wrong with the wiring going to the rear of the car's sensors because while the hatch locks/closes fine and all the taillights function, the dash has always showed the hatch as being open. I have also never been able to get the rear cargo lights or bottom of the hatch light (Touring) to work. I installed the new turn stalk with the BC button so I would be able to access other things in the trip computer like miles until empty, average mpg, and temperatures. In the owners manual, it says you can access these features from ignition position one. I couldn't get them to function one or two. Maybe the car needs to be turned on for them to work? I know the stalk is connected fine because I can control the turn signals and brights. Anyways, with the horn module having problems and the airbag light on, I am scared to start the car as I am worried the airbag would explode. I don't know much about the airbag so I don't know if that would even be possible in its current state. Anyways, this is not the outcome I expected or hoped for. I really hope some of you may be able to diagnose at least a couple of the issues as I really would like to get my car going. All help is appreciated!  

Well, for starters, it sounds like you've had a broken ground wire in the hatch for a while- does your remote hatch unlock work from the button next to the hood release? I'd also check taillights- it's not impossible that you have one out. As to troubleshooting, I'd start by unplugging the stalk connector to see if this solves the horn. www.newtis.info to see if there's a wiring change by year? It's also really unlikely that your airbag will just 'go off' In car design terms, popping the airbag is the same as 'launch ejection seat' in a plane- there are lots of conditions that have to be met before the bag will be fired. t  

BC button requires coding to work  

Thanks for the help TobyB and Terra. I started my car today and backed it out of the garage fine. I let it run for a couple minutes and then shut it off to move a different car back into the garage. When I turned it back on, it had a weird idle and stayed at about 1000 rpms for about 30 seconds and then dropped back down to about 600 which seemed a little lower than normal. This could be in part due to the fact that I just replaced my upper and lower intake boots but I can't figure out where there would be a vacuum leak in those since I checked their connections really well. When I get a chance, I will put the old turn stalk back in to see if that solves the horn problem. My tail lights appear to be functioning fine so I think the dash lights must have something to do with the new turn stalk and bad ground/whatever is causing the dash to show the trunk is open. The trunk button on my key pops the rear glass window fine and the button under the hood release pops the entire trunk a little bit. However, you still have to use the trunk handle to fully open the trunk which is how it's always worked for me. That's totally fine as I'm assuming that button inside the car is a little more practical for sedans than Tourings. The new multifunction steering wheel panel buttons are not functioning at all. Not only can I not get the cruise light to illuminate but I can't control the volume or radio station with it. I would think the multifunction buttons for the radio would be better and more directly prewired than the cruise control but I really have no idea. Just getting my car to where I can drive it with a working horn, working cruise control, and no air bag light are the priorities. I'll look into finding someone to code the BC button to work for me later on. Thanks again. Please let me know if you have any other ideas of what could be happening.  

The buttons need to be wired to the k-bus? (One of the busses). The oem upgrade kit wires via connection to the correct bus wire(s) on the light switch wire bundle from memory. I may have a scan of the oem instructions on my main computer. Maybe search on internet? Check my 330 build and my other threads for info. Try these: https://forum.e46fanatics.com/showthread.php?t=1175225 https://forum.e46fanatics.com/showthread.php?t=1232510 https://forum.e46fanatics.com/showthread.php?t=1232088  

Aussigazza said: The buttons need to be wired to the k-bus? (One of the busses). The oem upgrade kit wires via connection to the correct bus wire(s) on the light switch wire bundle from memory. I may have a scan of the oem instructions on my main computer. Maybe search on internet? Check my 330 build and my other threads for info. Click to expand...

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2000 E46 316i - Cruise Control Retrofit Parts

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Hello everyone! I am interested in retrofitting cruise control in my 316i with the M43 engine, and I have read that it isn't as simply as just plugging it in, and that I would need some extra parts. I have been searching around and found that the parts I would need is: A cruise control actuator, cruise control unit, a multifunctional steering wheel. But what about the connectors and cables? I have found OEM retrofit cables for cruise control, but is that enough? What does the cruise control actuator and the cruise control unit plug into? Sorry if this already has been answered, but I haven't been able to find a proper answer.  

First you should know which throttle body you have. If throttle is controlled by electric cruise control is controlled by dme. If throttle is controlled by wire yes you need a separate cruise control module etc....  

The throttle is controlled by a wire, but I am just wondering which connectors to use on the actuator and the cruise control module.  

Maybe this info useful for you: https://www.newtis.info/tisv2/a/en/...odules/a8-control-unit-cruise-control/YfHY6tf  

I have retrofitted cruise into e36. Very similar to e46. Best way is to find a car being broken for parts and take everything from there. That way you get actuator with the mounting bracket and bowden cable. Wires to the control unit and steering wheel. It does invoke a lot of work and some electrical / mechanical skills. If you are still up for it let me know and I can fill you in on more details Sent from my iPhone using Tapatalk  

Thanks, this is useful!  

Sorry to hijack the thread, but do your actuators guys "buzz" all the time or only when the CC is activated/switched on? I have it retrofitted but it stopped working for some reason. I have an O2 fault and the actuator buzzes all the time, so I am not sure if it is because of the O2, because of a faulty actuator or both.  

Should buzz all the time! Incorrect wiring. Also remove the plug until you check your wiring otherwise it will drain your battery.. I had this problem when I first retrofited my cc into e36. Sent from my iPhone using Tapatalk  

It was working fine before. Then it stopped working, the green light on the dash is on when I switch it on, but it does not engage anymore, also when I press brakes the light goes off and I can't switch it on until I restart the car/engine. Checked everything, it is not the taillights, nor MAF, but I have this fault on the O2 sensor that showed up couple of days later, so I think this may be the reason, I was told that any faults with engine components will disable the CC. So did you mean should bu or should not , as it buzzes all the time now and I removed the plug. So maybe I have the two faulty - the actuator and the O2 sensor.  

Since you have the actuator that means you have a separate cc module to control it. And i doubt it is clever enough to sense engine faults. Do you have access to bmw scanning software like inpa? Also let me know what is the part number of your actuator I have a spare one in the garage I think Sent from my iPhone using Tapatalk  

Thanks. I will check the part number later and as I am in Bulgaria, the spare one will not help, but thanks anyways. I have INPA, but am not quite sure what to check on there.  

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E46 m43 cruise control scheme

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Thread: E46 m43 cruise control scheme

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Hello i am in process of retrofitting my cruise control on e46 318i m43. I have wiring DIY with instructions but dont understand one scheme. There are some wires on the cruise control module that should be "clench bridged"? What does that mean? Look at the picture (yellow marked)... Where do those wires go? http://shrani.si/f/R/s7/4HXBgY2i/20210131202651.jpg I need it urgent as i am assembling my car. Thank you!

I think that got lost in translation, I am going to have to take a look to see what that connection is, so I will have to get back to you. Edit: So those wires go into the connector behind the glove box, it will look like a black box, and should have same or similar color wires going into each connector. You will have to see as this is what each connector does: #8 behind glovebox X243 Connector TD signal #10 behind glovebox X188 Connector Speedometer (A) output signal #17 X183 Connector Diagnostic link TXD #21 behind glovebox X181 Connector Brake light

Last edited by dworthy; 02-01-2021 at 12:55 PM .

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E46 318i m43 cruise control & maf, e46 m43 318i retrofit: cruise control, e46/z4 cruise control wiring diagrm, cruise control instalation scheme for e36.

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Retrofit cruise control E46 advice needed

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Just fit the buttons and get it activated by diagnostics . While your at it buy obc stalk and fit it and get it done too .  

Hi Mike, I did this a while ago on my 2001 E46. heres a link on the thread. http://www.bmw-driver.net/forum/showthread.php?t=36905 Hope you get sorted.  

thanks for the advice. you see some people have told me pre-facelift didnt have the wiring already in the car but that the post facelift that i have does. can anyone confirm that? if it does then im assuming that i only need the small cable to link the unit to the steering wheel?  

MikeE46 said: you see some people have told me pre-facelift didnt have the wiring already in the car but that the post facelift that i have does. Click to expand...

It does! Mine is pre also and I retro fitted. Everything  

I won't say 100 per cent but my car is 03 pre face lift and that's the way it was  

The problem with the older cars M43/M52 is that they use a cable throttle which makes retrofitting more in-dept as you need the cc module, actuator, throttle cable etc...  

Not sure with the M43, but pretty sure that with the M52 this only applies to the single vanos engines. M52TU that was in our old e46 328i Touring was fly by wire and the retrofit kit comprised just the steering wheel and a small ribbon cable loom IIRC. The factory CC on my first 523i (single vanos) had cable, actuator, controller, etc.  

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Apr 24 2017

City Street Guides by f.d. walker: A Street Photography Guide to Moscow, Russia

*A series of guides on shooting Street Photography in cities around the world. Find the best spots to shoot, things to capture, street walks, street tips, safety concerns, and more for cities around the world. I have personally researched, explored and shot Street Photography in every city that I create a guide for. So you can be ready to capture the streets as soon as you step outside with your camera!

At over 12 million people, Moscow is the largest city in Russia and second largest in Europe by population ( Istanbul is #1). An urban, cosmopolitan metropolis with more than enough glitz and glam to cater to the elite, but without losing its fair share of Soviet era roughness around the edges. It can be fast paced, brash, busy, and trendy like other big cities, but it has its blend of West meets Russia atmosphere and beauty that provides plenty of unique interest. The Red Square is as famous as it gets, but there’s so much more to this city, including the most beautiful subway system you’ve ever seen. It would take years to capture all of Moscow, but that means you have an endless amount of areas to discover.

So here’s a Street Photography guide so you can be ready to capture all that Moscow has to offer before you even arrive!

• Patriarch’s Pond
• Old Arbat Street
• Maroseyka Street
• Tverskoy Boulevard

Top 5 Street Spots:

1. red square.

The Red Square is the most famous square in not just Russia, but all of Eastern Europe. The name actually doesn’t come from the color of the bricks or communism, but from the name in Russian, Krásnaya, once meaning “beautiful” before its meaning changed to “red.” This large plaza is what you see on the cover of guide books and magazines for Moscow, with St. Basil’s Cathedral being the center piece next to Lenin’s Mausoleum surrounded by the Kremlin Wall. Of course, the Red Square attracts hordes of tourist due to the main attractions, but all that activity around an interesting atmosphere does provide street photo opportunities. It’s also the central square connecting to the city’s major streets, providing a good starting point to explore outward.

You’ll also find the popular pedestrian only Nikolskaya Street connecting the Red Square to Lubyanka Square. This line of expensive shops includes plenty of activity, while also leading you to another popular square. Filled with history rivaling any city, the Red Square and surrounding areas are the heart and soul of Russia.

2. Patriarch’s Ponds

Patriarch’s Ponds is one of the most exclusive neighborhoods in Moscow. Despite the name being plural, there’s only one large pond, but it’s worth a visit with your camera. It’s a popular spot for locals and expats to come relax or take a stroll around the pond. You get an interesting mix of young and old too, from young love to “babushkas” feeding pigeons. It’s a very peaceful park atmosphere in one of the nicer areas within the city center, while bringing enough activity for street photography. 

The pond is shallow and in the winter becomes a popular spot for ice-skating too. The area is also well-known for the location in the famous Russian novel, The Master and Margarita. 

3. Old Arbat (Stary Arbat)

Old Arbat is the most famous pedestrian street in Moscow, and dating back to the 15th century, also one of its oldest. Originally, it was an area of trade, but soon became the most prestigious residential area in Moscow. During the 18th century, Arbat started attracting the city’s scholars and artists, including Alexander Pushkin. Cafes lined the streets and impressive homes filled the neighborhood. Since then, New Arbat street was created as a highway in the area, while Old Arbat was paved for a 1km pedestrian only walkway.

Due to the historic buildings, famous artists that lived here, and the bohemian atmosphere, Old Arbat has become a big attraction for tourists today. Now, there’s a mix of cafes, restaurants, souvenir shops, street performers, street merchants and other attractions for visitors, and some locals, to come enjoy. It can get really busy here and there’s usually something interesting going on so it’s a good street to come walk with your camera for guaranteed life.

4. Gorky Park

One of the most famous places in Moscow is Gorky Park. The official name is Maxim Gorky’s Central Park of Culture & Leisure, which gives you an idea of what goes on here. When built, it was the first of its kind in the Soviet Union. Divided into two parts, it stretches along Moscow River. One end contains fair rides, foods stands, tennis courts, a sports club, a lake for boat rides, and more. This end brings more active life due to its number of attractions, while the other end is more relaxed, where you’ll find gardens, trees, older buildings, and an outdoor amphitheater.

Gorky Park attracts mostly locals so it’s a good spot to capture the non-tourist side of Moscow life. Muscovites come here to escape the city and unwind in a picturesque setting. The park remains alive outside of the warmer months too, especially when the lake turns into the city’s largest outdoor skating rink. I’d recommend taking the metro out here to spend at least half a day exploring the massive park’s life with your camera.

5. Maroseyka Street

Maroseyka Street is a popular area not too far from the Red Square. The long, winding street turns into Pokrovka and is lined with restaurants, cafes, bars and places to stay. It’s actually where I like to stay when I’m in Moscow due to its location and solid street photography opportunities itself. You have Kitay-gorod station near and if you keep walking southwest, you’ll get to the Red Square. But if you walk northwest, as it changes to Pokrovka, you can find a long street of activity for photography with its own interesting atmosphere.

6. Tverskoy Boulevard

Tverskoy Boulevard is the oldest and longest boulevard in Moscow, beginning at the end of Nikitsky Boulevard, and finishing at Pushkin Square, a spot to come for activity itself. The boulevard is made up of two avenues, with pedestrian walkways in-between. You’ll find grass, shrubbery, trees, benches and more walking it’s almost kilometer length. Many people come here to enjoy some relaxation, walk their dog, or just to use it to walk wherever they’re going. Its center location also provides a nice place to walk with your camera near plenty of other spots you’ll want to check out anyway.

Sample Street Walk:

For a full day of Street Photography, covering some of the best spots, you can follow this sample street walk for Moscow:

• Start your morning walking around the Red Square (1), while exploring the surrounding area, including Nikolskaya Street
• Then walk northwest to Patriarch’s Ponds (2) and slowly walk the pond and surrounding area with your camera
• Next, walk east to the Pushkin Monument and stroll down Tverskoy Boulevard (6)
• Once Tverskoy Boulevard (6) ends, it will turn into Nikitsky Boulevard. Follow this down until you get to the start of Old Arbat Street (3), across from Arbatskaya station
• After you’re done walking down Old Arbat Street (3) for more street photography, spend some time checking out Moscow’s beautiful metro stations
• To finish off the day with more street photography, get off the metro near Red Square (1) again, Maroseyka Street (5) or wherever you’re staying for the night.

3 Things I’ll Remember about Shooting in Moscow:

1. museum metro.

The Moscow metro system was the first underground railway system in the Soviet Union and today includes 203 stations across 340km of routes. The elaborate system has some of the deepest stations in the world too, with escalators that seem to go on forever. None of this is what makes it so special, though. Many of its stations feel like stepping inside a museum, making it without a doubt the most interesting and beautiful metro system I’ve been in.

When built, Stalin wanted to make the metro stations “palaces for the people” with marble, chandeliers, and grand architecture. The best part is the variety of architecture and styles used, making many of the stations a completely different experience visually. You could easily spend a whole day traveling the stations and there are even tours available for people who wish to do just that. My advice, though, would be just to buy a ticket and hop on and off at different stations, while exploring different lines. The museum-like surrounding mixed with the crowds of characters can make for a great photography experience.

Since there are so many stations, here are some of my favorites to check out:

• Novoslobodskaya
• Mayakovskaya
• Elektrozavodskaya
• Komsomolskaya
• Ploschad Revolyutsii
• Dostoyevskaya
• Prospekt Mira

2. Moscow is Big

It’s no secret that Moscow is a big city, but it can feel even bigger with how spread out much of it is. This is especially true if you compare it to cities outside of Asia. If I compared it to cities in Europe, I’d probably say only Istanbul would warrant more time to really discover the depths of this city. Most only explore around the Red Square and surrounding area, but that is such a small part of the city. Although, that central area does give you plenty to see on its own.

Fortunately, I had a good friend living in the city to show me around, but it opened up my eyes even more to how much there is to discover in Moscow. It’s a big city with a variety of atmosphere that can take you from “east” to “west” and trendy to rugged depending on where you go. I’d imagine you’d have to live here a while to really know the city.

3. Cosmopolitan Mix of East meets West

Modern skyscrapers mixed with amazing architecture, a world-class metro system with museum-like beauty, trendy fashion and chic clubs, Moscow is a rich mix of Russian culture and history in a more western cosmopolitan package. There is a push to keep the Russian culture, while also pushing forward with a modern metropolis the whole world will envy. This comes with an impressive skyline, that continues to grow, and endless modernities, but with soviet nostalgia and atmosphere mixed in for good measure.

Mixed in with this grand western cosmopolitan atmosphere, is a strong national pride in Russia. This includes their famous leader, Vladimir Putin. Maybe no other place will you see a country’s leader more often. All over, from the pricey tourist shops to the underground walkway stalls, you’ll find goods with Putin’s likeness covering them. From t-shirts to magnets to Matryoshka dolls. There’s a strong national pride that can be seen around the city, which also extends to their leader. Moscow is many things. It’s East meets West, modernizations meets Soviet era, and a whole lot more.

What To Do For a Street Photography Break?:

Eat at a stolovaya.

Stolovayas are Russian cafeterias that became popular in the Soviet days. You grab a tray and walk down the line of freshly prepared local dishes, and select whatever you want from the chefs. They’re usually inexpensive and a much better value than restaurants, while giving you the opportunity to try from a wide selection of everyday Russian food. They’re also very tasty. I always include some borsch on my tray and go from there. The places themselves are all over Moscow and usually come with Soviet-era aesthetics to complete the experience.

Street Safety Score: 7

*As always, no place is completely safe! So when I talk about safety, I’m speaking in general comparison to other places. Always take precaution, be smart, observe your surroundings and trust your instincts anywhere you go!

Being the 2nd largest city in Europe with over 12 million people, you’re going to have your dangerous areas, but for the most part, it feels safe walking around. Russia is statistically higher in crime compared to most of Europe, but this generally doesn’t apply to tourists and visitors. Around the Red Square and surrounding city center, you should feel completely safe walking around. Pick pocketing can happen, but no more than other touristic places. I always explore Moscow freely without coming across too much to worry about. It’s a spread out city, though, so of course it matters where you are. Just use basic street smarts, know where you are and Moscow shouldn’t give you a problem. 

People’s Reaction Score: 7

Moscow is fast paced, big city life, which usually means people aren’t too concerned with you, or your camera. I don’t find people notice or pay much attention to me when I’m out taking photos in Moscow. For the most part, people just go about their day. You shouldn’t get too many looks or concern. But it can depend on the area you are in. The more you stick out, the more you might get noticed with suspicions. I’ve never had any problems in Moscow, or Russia, but just be careful who you’re taking a photo of if you get out of the city center. Other than that, it’s about average for reactions. 

Street Tips:

Learn the alphabet .

Much of Moscow, including the metro system, doesn’t use english. The Russian alphabet uses letters from the Cyrillic script, which if you aren’t familiar with it and don’t know the sounds, can be hard to decipher the words. This is most important for street names and metro stops when trying to get around. It can save confusion and make it easier getting around if you learn the basic alphabet. At the very least then, you can sound out the words to see which are similar in the english conversion, which can help matching them to maps. When out shooting street photography, getting around is as important as anything. So save yourself some time and frustration by learning the Russian Alphabet.

Use the metro

While Saint-Petersburg feels very walkable for a city its size, Moscow can feel very spread out, even for its bigger size. Outside of the Red Square area, you can have plenty of walking before getting anywhere very interesting, so you’ll need to take the metro a lot if you really want to explore the city. Maps are deceiving here too, it will always be further than it looks.

Another reason it’s less walkable than Saint-Petersburg is its completely different set-up. Moscow’s streets are mostly contstructed in rings with narrow, winding streets in-between. This is common with medieval city cities that used to be confined by walls, but you usually don’t have it in a city this massive. Saint-Petersburg has a more grid-like pattern that also uses the canals to help you know your way around. When it comes to navigating on foot in Moscow, it can be more difficult, so bring a map and take the metro when needed. It’s why Moscow’s metro carries more passengers per day than the London and Paris subways combined.

Explore other areas if you have time

Moscow is really big. While most people stay around the Red Square within the Boulevard Ring, there’s so much more to the city. I covered some other spots outside of this circle, but if you really want to see the city, you’ll need time. If you do have time, some other areas I’d check out first are Zamoskvarechye, along some of the south and western Moscow.

Inspiration:

For some more inspiration, you can look through the Street Photography of Moscow photographer Artem Zhitenev  and check out 33 of my photos taken in Moscow .

Conclusion:

Moscow’s name brings a certain mystique, but once you’re there it might bring a different atmosphere than you expect. It’s big and sprawling, but beautiful in many ways. It can feel like a European capital on a grand scale, but you can definitely find its Russian side in there.

The urban sprawl of Moscow can be intimidating, but give it enough time and you’ll be rewarded with plenty to discover. All with the world’s best metro system to take you around.

I hope this guide can help you start to experience some of what Moscow contains. So grab your camera and capture all that Moscow has to offer for Street Photography!

If you still have any questions about shooting in Moscow, feel free to comment below or email me!

(I want to make these guides as valuable as possible for all of you so add any ideas on improvements, including addition requests, in the comment section!)

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Le Corbusier’s triumphant return to Moscow

The exhibition of French prominent architect Le Corbusier, held in The Pushkin Museum, brings together the different facets of his talent. Source: ITAR-TASS / Stanislav Krasilnikov

The largest Le Corbusier exhibition in a quarter of a century celebrates the modernist architect’s life and his connection with the city.

Given his affinity with Moscow, it is perhaps surprising that the city had never hosted a major examination of Le Corbusier’s work until now. However, the Pushkin Museum and the Le Corbusier Fund have redressed that discrepancy with the comprehensive exhibition “Secrets of Creation: Between Art and Architecture,” which runs until November 18.

Presenting over 400 exhibits, the exhibition charts Le Corbusier’s development from the young man eagerly sketching buildings on a trip around Europe, to his later years as a prolific and influential architect.

The exhibition brings together the different facets of his talent, showing his publications, artwork and furniture design alongside photographs, models and blueprints of his buildings.

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Irina Antonova, director of the Pushkin Museum, said, “It was important for us to also exhibit his art. People know Le Corbusier the architect, but what is less well know is that he was also an artist. Seeing his art and architecture together gives us an insight into his mind and his thought-processes.”

What becomes obvious to visitors of the exhibition is that Le Corbusier was a man driven by a single-minded vision of how form and lines should interact, a vision he was able to express across multiple genres.

The upper wings of the Pushkin Museum are separated by the central stairs and two long balconies. The organizers have exploited this space, allowing comparison of Le Corbusier’s different art forms. On one side there are large paintings in the Purist style he adapted from Cubism, while on the other wall there are panoramic photographs of his famous buildings.

Le Corbusier was a theorist, producing many pamphlets and manifestos which outlined his view that rigorous urban planning could make society more productive and raise the average standard of living.

It was his affinity with constructivism, and its accompanying vision of the way architecture could shape society, which drew him to visit the Soviet Union, where, as he saw it, there existed a “nation that is being organized in accordance with its new spirit.”

The exhibition’s curator Jean-Louis Cohen explains that Le Corbusier saw Moscow as “somewhere he could experiment.” Indeed, when the architect was commissioned to construct the famous Tsentrosoyuz Building, he responded by producing a plan for the entire city, based on his concept of geometric symmetry.

Falling foul of the political climate

He had misread the Soviet appetite for experimentation, and as Cohen relates in his book Le Corbusier, 1887-1965, drew stinging attacks from the likes of El Lissitsky, who called his design “a city on paper, extraneous to living nature, located in a desert through which not even a river must be allowed to pass (since a curve would contradict the style).”

Not to be deterred, Le Corbusier returned to Moscow in 1932 and entered the famous Palace of the Soviets competition, a skyscraper that was planned to be the tallest building in the world.

This time he fell foul of the changing political climate, as Stalin’s growing suspicion of the avant-garde led to the endorsement of neo-classical designs for the construction, which was ultimately never built due to the Second World War.

Situated opposite the proposed site for the Palace of the Soviets, the exhibition offers a tantalizing vision of what might have been, presenting scale models alongside Le Corbusier’s plans, and generating the feeling of an un-built masterpiece.

Despite Le Corbusier’s fluctuating fortunes in Soviet society, there was one architect who never wavered in his support . Constructivist luminary Alexander Vesnin declared that the Tsentrosoyuz building was the "the best building to arise in Moscow for over a century.”

The exhibition sheds light on their professional and personal relationship, showing sketches and letters they exchanged. In a radical break from the abstract nature of most of Le Corbusier’s art, this corner of the exhibition highlights the sometimes volatile architect’s softer side, as shown through nude sketches and classical still-life paintings he sent to Vesnin.

“He was a complex person” says Cohen. “It’s important to show his difficult elements; his connections with the USSR, with Mussolini. Now that relations between Russia and the West have improved, we can examine this. At the moment there is a new season in Le Corbusier interpretation.” To this end, the exhibition includes articles that have never previously been published in Russia, as well as Le Corbusier’s own literature.

Completing Le Corbusier’s triumphant return to Russia is a preview of a forthcoming statue, to be erected outside the Tsentrosoyuz building. Even if she couldn’t quite accept his vision of a planned city, Moscow is certainly welcoming him back.

All rights reserved by Rossiyskaya Gazeta.

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What is Moscow Known For? (18 Things It’s Famous For)

Moscow is the capital of Russia. It is also the most populous city of Russia. It is also a federal subject of Russia, and a major economic, political, cultural, and scientific center of Russia and Eastern Europe. It is located on the Moskva River in the Central Federal District, surrounded by four concentric rings of suburban districts. According to the 2010 census, Moscow has 10 million within its administrative limits. The population of the city proper is about 3 million.

Moscow is known for The Red Square, which signifies the historical center of Moscow. The square is famous for its Russian architecture and beautiful landmarks, including St. Basil’s Cathedral, the GUM department store, and the Kremlin walls, which all locals and tourists flock to. It’s known for its academic institutions.

The Kremlin

The Kremlin is one of the most popular sights in Moscow. The word “kremlin” means fortress, but when you see it, you’ll understand why it’s also been called “a city within a city.” The complex contains many different buildings, including palaces and cathedrals. The original fortifications were built by Yuri Dolgoruky (who founded Moscow) in 1147 as part of his new capital city on an island at the confluence of two rivers, Moskva (the current name for Moscow) means “place where two rivers meet.” It has been the official residence of Russia’s rulers since the 14 th century and is now home to President Vladimir Putin and his family.

The Red Square

The Red Square is the main square of Moscow. It is also known as Lenin’s Mausoleum and contains several important buildings, including St Basil’s Cathedral. The square was built on a site used for public executions since 1547. The name “Red” refers to the red tiles used in its construction from 1547 onwards. These tiles were originally laid down by Ivan III (the Great) to mark his victory over Kazan Khanate in 1438. The Russians have recognized the name. Today, it usually refers to Kitai Gorod (the historic core of Moscow) rather than just this specific spot.

Gorky Park is a large park in Moscow, Russia. It was founded in 1928, and it’s located near the Moscow River. The park is popular with tourists and locals, who stroll through its many paths and enjoy its amenities like playgrounds for children or an amusement park for older kids. Gorky Park offers more than just green space. It has several museums and performances where musicians perform year-round (and sometimes even nightly). The park has a history of being a place where people can gather to protest, and it was the site of many demonstrations in the Soviet era. Today, it’s still a popular place for political rallies and other civic events.

St. Basil’s Cathedral

This is a Russian Orthodox church located in Red Square in Moscow and one of the most famous landmarks in Russia. It was built between 1555 and 1561 on orders from Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible) as part of his palace complex. The cathedral was constructed by using 2,500 tons of red brick and limestone with a traditional Russian-style roof made out of wood covered with green painted shingles. This has been a go-to photo location for tourists and photographers alike. In addition, the building has been featured in numerous films and television shows, including Doctor Zhivago, Indiana Jones, and the Last Crusade.

Moscow Metro Stations

The Moscow Metro is one of the world’s busiest, most historical, and most famous mass-transit systems. The first line opened in 1935, followed by another nine lines by 1955 when the entire system was completed. Today, over 200 stations on 12 lines stretch across the city from east to west and north to south. The names of each station are derived from nearby landmarks or significant historical events related to that area, such as Pushkinskaya Station (named after Alexander Pushkin), Mayakovskaya Station (named after Vladimir Mayakovsky), and Belorusskaya Station (named after Belarus).

Poklonnaya Hill

Poklonnaya Hill is a hill in Moscow, just outside the Kremlin walls. The hill was named after the Russian word for “bend” and refers to its shape, a long, narrow ridge that rises on one side and falls away sharply on the other. Poklonnaya Hill was once part of an ancient Slavic settlement called Kolomenskoye; later, it became known as Kozakova Sloboda (Kozak’s Settlement). Because of its unique location and its proximity to the Kremlin, Poklonnaya Hill has been an important military position since the 16 th century.

Embracing Religious Freedom

Moscow is a quaint city of many cultures and religions. The Kremlin, Red Square, and St. Basil’s Cathedral are all landmarks reflecting Russia’s rich history of religious freedom. The city has been known for centuries as a place where people from different backgrounds can unite in peace and harmony to practice their beliefs without fear or persecution by government officials or others who may wish them harm because of their faith. The Russian Orthodox Church has strongly influenced the region for centuries, and its heritage is evident in many of the city’s historic buildings.

Museum of Cosmonautics

The Museum of Cosmonautics is a museum in Moscow, Russia, founded in 1962. It is located in the former Podvorye area of Moscow and focuses on space travel and exploration. The museum was initially established as a Soviet space exploration museum but has since become one dedicated to all aspects of space travel. The museum has exhibits, including Soyuz-5KV spacecraft used for experiments with living organisms, an Apollo Lunar Module (LM) module replica, and a Soyuz TMA-11M capsule model, which traveled around Earth for about five months.

The Plays of Anton Chekhov

The plays of Anton Chekhov are famous all over the world. They have been translated into many languages, and they are produced all over the globe. In addition to being performed on stage, they are filmed in movies and television shows. The plays were written in the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries. They reflect life at that time – Russia was an agricultural country with a large rural population; there were few cars or telephones; people lived close together in small towns or villages; most families had servants who could cook meals for them if they didn’t want to do it themselves.

Bunker 42 is a former secret military facility built in the 1960s, located in Moscow. It once served as a control center for missile systems and was abandoned in the 1990s. Bunker 42 was constructed during the Cold War when tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union were high due to their opposing ideologies of capitalism versus communism. The bunker’s purpose was to monitor and control the missile systems of Moscow so that they could be used, if necessary, by either side during wartime situations.

Moscow-Based Folk Dance

Moscow is known for its folk dance. Russian folk dance is a traditional art form that has evolved over the centuries. The first written records of Russian folk dances date back to the 17 th century. The Khorovod, Lezginka, and Cossack Dance are some of the most classic Russian folk dances. Russian folk dance is a unique form of art based on Russia’s culture and traditions. Moreover, this form of Moscow performing arts is not only a way to entertain audiences but also a reflection of the life of the people.

State Tretyakov Gallery

The Tretyakov Gallery is one of the largest art museums in Russia and the world. It was founded by Pavel Tretyakov in 1856, who donated his collection to the Russian public. The gallery comprises about 2,000 paintings and over 20,000 drawings and prints by Russian artists. The museum is located on Lavrushinsky Lane in Moscow. People worldwide come to see the collection, which includes works by many famous Russian artists, including Ilya Repin, Vasily Surikov, and Isaac Levitan. The Tretyakov Gallery is also home to some of the finest icons in Russia.

Gorky Park is a public park on the north bank of the Moskva River in the Khamovniki District of central Moscow. It was opened on June 28, 1928, and named after Maxim Gorky (1868-1936), who lived on Kuznetsky Most Street near the park from 1913 to 1916. The park has an area of about one square kilometer (0.39 sq mi). Its main entrance is at ulitsa Krymskaya 3-5 (Krymsky Val). There are several other entrances as well. Its main attractions include a Soviet open-air exhibition of industrial and scientific achievements, the Moscow Planetarium, and the Moskva Pool. The park also hosts many festivals and concerts.

Pelmeni Dumpling

Pelmeni is a type of dumpling that is traditionally eaten in Russia. They’re made from dough and meat, usually pork or beef, and served with sour cream and vinegar. Pelmeni originated in Siberia during the 19 th century as a way for nomadic herders to preserve meat without refrigeration. The name comes from the word pel’men’, which means “ear.” Therefore, the shape of the dumpling is often characterized by an indentation in the center that resembles an ear. Pelmeni is considered a staple food in Russia and is often eaten during celebrations such as Christmas or New Year’s Eve.

Ponchiki Dumpling

Ponchiki is a Russian dumpling made from dough and potato, which makes them quite filling. The onions add flavor but also give these delectable ponchiki their distinctive smell — some people love it, while others find it too overpowering. Ponchiki can be eaten as a snack or as part of the main course with sour cream. They’re popular across Russia and Ukraine and are often served at family gatherings like Christmas dinners or Easter lunches. If you are new to ponchiki, getting used to their smell may take a few tries. But once you do, they’ll become one of your favorite Russian foods.

Borshch Moskovsky

Borshch Moskovsky is a traditional Russian soup made with beetroot, cabbage, and potatoes. It’s served hot and extremely popular in Russia. The name means “Moscow Borshch” because cooks first prepared it from Moscow, who was sent to help rebuild St Petersburg after it was devastated by fire in 1737. Borsch is best enjoyed when served from large bowls with plenty of sour creams on top and maybe some dumplings if you so desire. You can also add meatballs for extra flavor.

River Cruises

River cruises are a great choice if you’re looking for a way to see Moscow. The Moscow River Cruise passes through the Kremlin, Red Square, and the Bolshoi Theatre. It also takes in some of Moscow’s most famous landmarks, such as St Basil’s Cathedral and Lenin’s Tomb. The best time to take this cruise is during the summer when fewer tourists visit Russia’s capital city. However, if you’re looking for a more personal experience, you can book a private cruise. It will allow you to enjoy Moscow’s sights in peace.

Bolshoi Theatre

The Bolshoi Theatre is one of the most famous theatrical venues in the world. It’s known for its ballet performances, which have been taking place since its opening in 1820. The theatre has been a focal point of Moscow culture ever since and continues to draw crowds today. The Bolshoi Theatre was founded by Prince Pyotr Golitsyn and his wife Natalia Dolgorukova in 1776 as a private opera house with rooms for balls, concerts, and dramas. This site remains active and is still used as a venue for performances.