perseus hero's journey quizlet

Greek Gods & Goddesses

One of the oldest out of all of the Greek mythological heroes.

He is best known in Greek mythology as the slayer of Medusa, one of three female creatures, or Gorgons , with hair said to be made of poisonous snakes.

Perseus and his origins on Argos

Perseus was thought to exist several generations before the famous Heracles (Hercules). He was born to Danae, his mother, who was a mortal (meaning that she was not a God). Danae was the daughter of the king of Argos, King Acrisius. King Acrisius had once sought advice from the oracle at Delphi because he had been unable to have a son. In Greek mythology, oracles were like fortune tellers and Acrisius was seeking information for his future. The oracle told King Acrisius that he would one day be killed by his daughter’s son.

King Acrisius was determined to keep that from happening, so he decided to lock up his only daughter, Danae. According to the legend, she was imprisoned in a bronze enclosure (some versions of the story say that it was a tall bronze tower, other versions report that it was actually an underground prison that was open to the sky). His goal was to keep her from male suitors so that she could not become pregnant.

The myth goes on to say that through the opening in her enclosure, the great God Zeus came to her in a golden rainfall. From that meeting with the very amorous Zeus, Danae did become pregnant and had a child while still imprisoned. That child was the legendary Perseus. Thus, Perseus was known as a demigod , meaning that he was born of both mortal (his mother, Danae) and immortal (his father, Zeus) parents. When King Acrisius realized that his daughter had, in fact, had a child, he feared for his life, but was unable to take the lives of his daughter and grandson. Instead, he responded by locking Danae and Perseus in a wooden chest and casting them out to sea.

Perseus on the Island of Seriphos

Perseus and his mother, Danae experienced calm seas after being cast out of Argos. The legends say that Zeus played a role in that by speaking to Poseidon, the God of the sea , so that they may have a calm journey. Eventually, Danae and Perseus washed up onto the shores of the island of Seriphos, an Aegean island. There, they were found by a fisherman called Diktys. He proceeded to help raise Perseus on the island of Seriphos.

Perseus spent many years at Seriphos. He was known there as a young man with great physical strength as well as great courage. Danae stayed there as well. She happened to catch the eye of the brother of Diktys, who was also the King of the island. His name was King Polydectes. The King wished to court Danae, but Perseus did not want that for his mother and he therefore became an obstacle for the king.

King Polydectes needed a way to rid himself of Perseus so that he could get to Danae. Perseus was eventually overheard boasting about his physical strength, saying that he could single-handedly kill the dreaded Gorgon Medusa. This was the opportunity that King Polydectes was looking for. He presented a challenge to Perseus that if he could not make good on his boast to kill Medusa, then the King would take possession of his mother.

Perseus and the Graiai

With the challenge from King Polydectes, Perseus was started on a mission to slay the Gorgon Medusa. Medusa was one of the three Gorgons, sisters who were known for their hair made of venomous snakes and who could turn men to stone with just a single look. Medusa was the only one of the Gorgons who was mortal (meaning that she could be killed).

Perseus first consulted the Gods, who advised him to seek out the Graiai. The Graiai were actually 3 other sisters of the Gorgons. The myth states that the Graiai were three old witches who had only one tooth and one eye between them. Perseus was said to have stolen the eye and would only return it for information on finding Medusa and also information on finding the cap of Hades (a cap that made the person invisible when he wore it) as well as winged sandals to enable him to fly. He also asked for the kibisis, a special bag that he would use to carry the head of Medusa.

In order to get their eye back, the Graiai gave in and helped Perseus to find the items he asked for. With those items as well as a sickle given to him by the God Hermes , Perseus was on his way to attempt to slay Medusa.

Perseus and Medusa

The Gorgon Medusa , along with her sisters Sthenno and Euryale, were said to live at the ends of the Earth beyond the oceans. Perseus was able to fly to their lair thanks to his flying sandals that he now had.

Using the cap of Hades to render him invisible, he was able to find and silently slay Medusa with the sickle that he received from Hermes. In addition to killing Medusa, this event was said to be the birth event of Pegasus , the mythological winged horse, and his brother Chrysaor , who were said to have emerged from the severed neck of Medusa.

Upon slaying Medusa, the other Gorgon sisters were alerted and tried to subdue Perseus. However, the God Athena assisted Perseus with fleeing and he was able to escape with the head of Medusa in the kibisis.

Perseus and Andromeda

Perseus was triumphant in his quest to kill the Gorgon Medusa. While on his journey back to the Island of Seriphos where his mother awaited, he came across the beautiful Andromeda. The legends say that Andromeda was the daughter of Cepheus and Cassiopeia , who were the king and the queen of Ethiopia.

Cassiopeia had bragged about Andromeda’s beauty, saying that she was more beautiful than the Nereids. The Nereids were sea nymphs, or female spirits of the sea. Poseidon, being the God of the sea, was angered by the boasting of Cassiopeia. Out of his anger, Poseidon sent a great flood to Ethiopia. He also sent a sea monster to wreak havoc on the territory. It was said that the only way to appease Poseidon was to offer up Andromeda as a sacrifice to the sea monster, and so that was done. Andromeda was kept chained to a rock by the sea monster, which is where she was first seen by Perseus as he journeyed back from Medusa’s lair.

Perseus immediately fell in love with Andromeda. In order to marry her, he offered a trade to Cepheus, the King. He would slay the sea monster that was terrorizing the kingdom and in return would take Andromeda’s hand in marriage. The king accepted the deal. Perseus easily slayed the sea monster using the weapon that he carried in his kibisis: the slain head of the Gorgon Medusa. One look at Medusa and the sea monster was turned to stone. The head of Medusa also brought about another casualty.

Phineus, who was the brother of King Cepheus, also wanted to marry Andromeda and claimed that she had been promised to him. He decided to claim Andromeda for himself and stood in the way of her union with Perseus. Perseus again used Medusa’s head to defeat his competition, turning Phineus to stone just as he did the sea monster.

Return to Seriphos

After his victorious defeat of Medusa and his marriage to Andromeda, Perseus continued back to Seriphos where his mother awaited. Upon his return, he quickly learned that King Polydectes had been abusive to his mother Danae while he was away on his quest.

Infuriated, Perseus brought the head of Medusa to the king, but instead of just giving the severed head to Polydectes, he again used it as a weapon against his foe. Showing the king the head of Medusa gave him the same fate as Poseidon’s sea monster and Phineus. This, in turn, made Diktys, the fisherman who raised Perseus, the new king since he was the brother of Polydectes.

Finally, Perseus would be rid of Medusa’s head when he presented it as a gift to the God Athena .

Perseus and the Oracle’s Prophecy

The myths say that Perseus eventually returned to Argos with Danae and Andromeda. King Acrisius had gone to Larissa in Greece, probably to avoid Perseus. However, Perseus went to Larissa in search of his grandfather.

Perseus was, of course, known as a great athlete with tremendous strength. Upon arriving at Larissa, he found that there were funeral games being held there. He joined in the games and participated in a discus throwing event. As fate would have it, Perseus threw a discus which went off track and into the crowd. The discus hit and immediately killed King Acrisius, thus fulfilling the prophecy of the oracle at Delphi so many years before this event.

Perseus, King of Mycenae

After causing the prophesized death of his grandfather Acrisius, Perseus was noted to be ashamed to take the kingdom for his own. Instead, he offered the kingdom of Argos to Megapenthes who was his uncle and the ruler of Tiryns. In exchange, Perseus would become the ruler of Tiryns.

From there, it is said that Perseus went on to form the Kingdom of Mycenae. The legends vary on this part of his life, just as there are variations to the other stories of his life. A popular story is that he did take up residence there as King along with Andromeda. After years of ruling over the kingdom of Mycenae, he died of old age.

Since he was a loyal servant to the Greek mythological Gods, he was placed in the skies among the skies along with Andromeda and Cassiopeia and has remained there forever.

Facts About Perseus

In Greek mythology, various old texts are used as references along with centuries old artifacts and drawings. Many variations of the old stories have been told. For example, in one version of the story of Perseus, the oracle’s prophecy was fulfilled when Perseus showed Medusa’s head to Acrisius to prove that he had actually slain her. This, of course, would have killed Acrisius and still fulfilled the prophecy.

There are variations in the other stories of Perseus, as well as in all of Greek mythology. Since there are differing texts and stories, it is important to note the parts of the legends that are fairly consistent. Those are noted here for a “quick facts” reference:

• Perseus was the son of Danae and had a mortal father, Danaos, but was believed to actually be the son of Danae and Zeus. • Perseus was one of the oldest of the Greek heroes , predating Heracles (Hercules) by three generations. • Since Zeus was thought to have fathered both Perseus and Heracles, that made Perseus the great grandfather of Heracles . . . but also his half-brother! • King Acrisius was afraid of his fate because an oracle said he would be killed at the hands of his future grandson (which would turn out to be Perseus). • To prevent having a grandson, Perseus imprisoned his own daughter, Danae in a bronze enclosure (either a tower or an underground enclosure). • The God Zeus fathered Perseus when he had relations with Danae even though she was locked away. • King Acrisius sent Danae and Perseus away at sea locked in a chest out of fear for the oracle’s prophecy. • Perseus was raised by a fisherman, Diktys, on the island of Seriphos, where he was eventually challenged by the King of Seriphos to slay the Gorgon Medusa. • Perseus stole the eye of the three Graiai in order to convince them to give the location of Medusa as well as items used to slay her: the invisibility cap of Hades, the kibisis to carry her head, and winged sandals to enable him to fly. • After killing the Gorgon Medusa and escaping from her two immortal sisters, he found Andromeda on the journey back. • He eventually wed Andromeda after rescuing her and slaying Poseidon’s sea monster. He also had to kill Phineus, another suitor of Andromeda, in the process. • Upon returning to Seriphos, Perseus found out that his mother, Danae, was forced to hide from the King of Seriphos because of his abuse of her. Perseus presented Medusa’s head to him, killing him with her stare. This resulted in Diktys, the fisherman who raised Perseus, becoming the new king. • Although there are differing stories as to how it happens, the oracle’s prophecy is eventually fulfilled by the death of King Acrisius at the hands of Perseus after he returns to Argos and then to Larissa, either by accidentally striking him with a discus or by showing him Medusa’s head to prove that he had slain her. • Perseus eventually reigns over Mycenae with Andromeda and dies of old age (at least in one version of the myth)! • Perseus has been falsely associated as being a rider of Pegasus, the winged horse. It was a Greek hero, Bellerophon , who tamed and used Pegasus in battle. The association of Perseus with Pegasus involves the beheading of Medusa which set forth the first appearance of Pegasus.

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The Birth of Perseus Hero's Journey

The Hero' s Journey is a framework that scholar Joseph Campbell came up with that many myths and stories follow. Many storytellers and story-readers find it a useful way to look at tale. (That' s actually putting it lightly. Some people are straight-up obsessed .) Chris Vogler adapted Campbell's 17 stages of a hero's journey, which many screenwriters use while making movies. Vogler condensed Campbell's 17 stages down to 12, which is what we're using. Check out a general explanation of the 12 stages .

The story of "The Birth of Perseus" doesn't fit perfectly into the Hero's Journey structure, but we're giving it a shot. As the gross old saying goes, there's more than one way to skin a cat. The way we figure it, Danae is the main character of this story, since she's the one doing all the birthing, so we'll look at from her perspective.

Ordinary World

For Danae, everyday life is pretty sweet. She's the beautiful princess of a powerful city-state, and everything is awesome.

Call To Adventure

Danae's world gets thrown for a loop when her dad, King Acrisius, locks her in a chamber, because the Oracle of Delphi tells him that she'll bear a son who'll kill him.

Refusal Of The Call

Danae doesn't really have a chance to refuse the call. Her dad just chunks her into solitary without asking her opinion on the matter.

Meeting The Mentor

You could see Zeus as a bit of a mentor figure here— albeit a creepy one. When he enters her chamber as a shower of gold, he shows her the ways of love.

Crossing The Threshold

By conceiving Perseus with Zeus , Danae has thoroughly crossed the threshold into a new life.

Tests, Allies, Enemies

Turns out Danae has a lot of enemies with tests and allies nowhere to be seen. Zeus impregnates her and takes off, and her dad totally flips when he finds little baby Perseus in her arms.

Approach To The Inmost Cave

As Acrisius is marching Danae and her child down to the sea, the princess fears the worst.

Being locked in a floating chest that's aimlessly drifting in the ocean is a pretty awful ordeal if you ask us.

Danae survives and is rewarded with sanctuary on the island of Serifos with Dictys the friendly neighborhood fisherman.

The Road Back

There's no road back here. Why in Zeus's name would Danae ever want to go back home?

Resurrection

Danae has already kind of had her resurrection by surviving her ordeal at sea.

Return With The Elixir

No longer the sheltered princess, Danae is ready to face the trials ahead. (And her life definitely has a few more in store.)

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The monomyth, or Hero’s Journey, was first recognized as a pattern in mythology by Joseph Campbell, who noticed that heroes in mythology typically go through the same 17 stages in their journey toward hero-dom.  

The Hero’s Journey follows a path which is represented by a circle in which the hero travels into the unknown and is faced with many trials only to come full circle, returning to the known world.  The path includes but is not limited to the following segments:

• Call to Adventure
• Supernatural Aid
• Cross the Threshold into the Unknown
• Mentors / Helpers
• Transformation
• Return from the Unknown
• Return to a Normal Life

A popular interpretation of the Hero’s Journey is Luke Skywalker’s journey toward Jedi Knighthood in the original Star Wars films.  George Lucas found tremendous inspiration in the monomyth when creating the original trilogy.  Fans will notice how closely the films mirror the monomyth pattern.  Luke’s call to the rebellion, his aid of the force, the assortment of guides and companions, the many trials he faces along the way, his confrontation with Vader, the temptations of power, the destruction of the Empire, and the freedom of the galaxy from the Emperor’s evil tyranny.  Several documentaries and books have been published on Campbell’s influence on the Star Wars films.

Model of the Monomyth

The Monomyth, or Hero's Journey, is a path commonly represented by a circle.  Along this path the hero encounters numerous stages which he must overcome in order to progress.

Library Print & Media

• The Mythology of Star Wars An interview with George Lucas about the influence of his mentor, Joseph Campbell and his explanation of the Hero’s Journey. Available through Films on Demand.
• Wikipedia - Monomyth
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• Last Updated: Jan 8, 2024 12:31 PM
• URL: https://guides.stlcc.edu/classical_mythology

• My Storyboards

Theseus & The Hero's Journey

In this activity, activity overview, template and class instructions, more storyboard that activities, this activity is part of many teacher guides.

Related to both plot diagram and types of literary conflict, the ”Hero’s Journey” is a recurring pattern of stages many heroes undergo over the course of their stories. Joseph Campbell, an American mythologist, writer, and lecturer, articulated this cycle after researching and reviewing numerous myths and stories from a variety of time periods and regions of the world. He found that they all share fundamental principles. This spawned the Hero’s Journey, also known as the Monomyth. The most basic version has 12 steps, while more detailed versions can have up to 17.

Theseus has a complex story, and the example storyboard only looks at the story of Theseus and the Minotaur. Theseus' life story also follows the Hero's Journey structure from leaving his childhood home to becoming the heir of Aegeus. Consider assigning one Hero's Journey to each half of the class, or do the first Hero's Journey together and the second independently.

Hero's Journey of Theseus

(These instructions are completely customizable. After clicking "Copy Activity", update the instructions on the Edit Tab of the assignment.)

Student Instructions

Use the story of Theseus and map it to the narrative structure of the Hero's Journey.

• Click "Start Assignment".
• Depict and describe how the chosen character's story fits (or does not fit ) into each of the stages of the Hero's Journey.
• Finalize images, edit, and proofread your work.
• Click "Save & Exit" when done.

Lesson Plan Reference

Grade Level 6-12

Difficulty Level 4 (Difficult / Complex)

Type of Assignment Individual, Partner, or Group

Type of Activity: The Hero's Journey

(You can also create your own on Quick Rubric .)

Greek Mythology: Theseus

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A little lightness, a little darkness, a lot of love.

The hero’s journey is everywhere: clash of the titans (2010).

I’m not saying it’s the best structure you can use.  What I am saying is that if you’re writing popular fiction (as opposed to literary) you could do worse than to at least try to understand how this structure works.  The best way I know to do that is to apply it to anything and everything, films and stories you encounter every day, to become more comfortable with it.

This is a mish-mosh of The Hero With a Thousand Faces by Joseph Campbell and The Writer’s Journey by Christopher Vogler and it’s use in the movie, Clash of the Titans .

Ordinary World

When we see Perseus on the fishing boat with his family, where he tells his father he’s exactly where he wants to be, we are seeing his Ordinary World and his desire to remain there.

The Call to Adventure

Perseus is called to act when Hades destroys his family’s fishing boat, killing his parents and sister.

Refusal of the Call

Perseus denies an ability to avenge his parents and save Argos.  He says, “I’m just a fisherman.”*  However, since this would be a pretty shoddy story (and story structure) if that was The End, Perseus’s desire for revenge and pretty much everyone in Argos telling him he’s a demigod, he’s The. Only. One. who can save them, and the reveal that God’s have been screwing with him his entire life convinces Perseus to go with it.

Meeting with the Mentor/Supernatural Aid

Perseus receives both.  The Mentor archetype soldier, whose name I can’t be bothered to remember, trains him with a sword.  Perseus also receives a stick that becomes a sword (“Um, thanks?”) and finds Pegasus, who will make an appearance later.  It’s worth noting, at least for the purposes of meaningfulness in a a later stage, Perseus refuses these gifts and anything to do with his biological father, Zeus.  Or Gods of any kind.  He really has a hate on for notMen.

Crossing the Threshold

Perseus moves beyond the world he left behind but, more important, leaves behind the man who was just a fisherman, when Calibos attacks and leaves the thoughtful gift of ginormous scorpions to kill everyone.  The band of soldiers, hunters, Perseus, and wise woman/hottie Io can’t defeat the scorpions.  But!  They do defeat several of them, working together, and Perseus himself kills one all on his own in a rather disgusting bit of pwnage best described as, “I will stab you from underneath, then burst through your body, covered in your slimy guts, to emerge from you victorious!”

Belly of the Whale

Not included in Vogler’s version but still relevant, this is the final separation from the known world and self and a bonus rebirthing.  Perseus nearly dies from the bite Calibos gave him because Calibos has poisonous bad-guy cooties.  There were no rabies shots or penicillin back then, so one of the Djinn covers him in blue fire stuff they just happen to keep on hand and Perseus is reborn!  Or, at least, healed.

Tests, Allies, and Enemies/The Road of Trials

Vogler kind of gives us an open invitation here to allow our hero to pick up minions, piss off new enemies, and pass tests that are increasingly difficult but not the most difficult.  The Djinn join Perseus and his group to travel to the Sister Witches with the hairy eyeball.  They point Perseus toward Medusa and also offer him doom and gloom, “You’ll die trying!”* predictions.  The Djinn, save one, take off.  Apparently, domesticating scorpions and healing poisonous bites are one thing; but let someone predict failure, and they’re all, “We’re taking our scorpions and going home.  Screw this.”

Approach to the Inner Most Cave

This is the trip to find Medusa.  They must face Charon and the scary boat pulled by tortured dead people in the River Styx (nice touch).  Once there, Perseus gives a speech about how everyone, including the woman and the Djinn (who isn’t a man at all) are the greatest men he’s ever known.  Put a nail in the coffin, boys.  That speech means you’re all dead men walking, at this point.

The Meeting of the Goddess

In a bit of BDSM, er training, Perseus and Io get all punching each other/flirty.  This somehow declares her The One He Loves as well as tempts him, for like 5 seconds, into abandoning his quest.  Or, at least, putting it on hold while they get busy in the boat to hell.  Which they don’t do.   Of course.

Perseus, and his ever smaller entourage, must face Medusa.  No man has survived, danger, danger, danger, etc.  But, being clever and a demigod, Perseus does.  Survive, I mean.

Basically, everyone dies.  Everyone.  Except Perseus, of course.  Because he’s The One.  Even Io, who Perseus is so happy to see, despite losing all of his friends five minutes ago.  Until she also dies at the hands of Calibos.

Atonement with the Father

Perseus has so many dads (biological father who is the ruler of all the gods; man who raised him; King who is his stepdad, or would’ve been had he not tried to kill Perseus and his biological mother).  Clearly, fathers are a theme here.  Anyway, Perseus embraces the gifts from Zeus (his biological father) that he spurned earlier and finally kills Calibos (the killer stepdad/King).  After he impales Calibos with his magic stick/sword (WTH is up with that gift?), there’s some light show signifying… something, and Calibos is all, “Don’t become one of them,”* in a total, “I’m sorry I tried to kill you….notmySon,”** moment.

Woman as Temptress/The Road Back

I wouldn’t say Perseus is ready to abandon his goal, but he is certainly willing to jeopardize his ability to get there in time to actually prevent anything or save anyone because he won’t leave Io as she lay dying.  She tells him to go and he does when she turns into a yellow mist and swirls away.

The Reward/The Ultimate Boon

Medusa’s head.  In a bag.  The snakes in her head still slither.  It’s one hell of a creepy boon.

Rescue from Without

Seeing as Perseus only had one coin for the hell boat, he needs a way home.  And fast!  The eclipse is approaching!  Ah, but there he is: Pegasus.  How did he get there?  I mean, we’re on the other side of the Underworld.  How did he know when to come?  Don’t know.  I guess that’s why magical horses are more awesome then normal ones.  That, and they can fly.

The Road Back/Magical Flight

Perseus makes it back to Argos only to have one of Hades’s minions steal Medusa’s head away!  He flies all through the city chasing it while people die.  A lot.  But, the important thing is, the princess lives.

The Resurrection

With a lunge from Pegasus, freefalling, Perseus manages to hunt down the head from the last minion (something he couldn’t do while flying), open it up, and turn the Kraken to stone.  Hades threatens to kill Perseus (not sure why he couldn’t do that before…? Zeus didn’t care at that point, basically denouncing his son for “not praying”*, but whatever) but Zeus, fickle as always, is pissed at Hades for trying to destroy him and Olympus and so he fills Perseus’s magic stick/sword with lightning and Perseus sends Hades back to the underworld. (Opening the way for a sequel.  No, really.  It’s coming out next year.)

Return with the Elixir/The Crossing of the Return Threshold

This isn’t so much  bringing back something awesome/magical/new (in this story).  It’s more his acceptance of who he is, a demigod–though he’ll always identify more as man than god.  It’s the wisdom and the courage he gained through the journey.  At any rate, he dives into the ocean and rescues Andromeda (maybe she’s the elixir!) but turns her down when she proposes he be the new king (and, also, you know, her husband).  Because he’s not a leader (god); he’s just a man.

Master of Two Worlds/Freedom to Live

Zeus is all proud papa now and summons the yellow swirl that is Io so they can live happily ever after.  At least, until the sequel.

*Quotes aren’t exact quotes.  I’m too lazy for that.  Quotes, in this post, are more best-remembered paraphrasing.

**That one isn’t a paraphrase at all. Or a quote. It’s more of a subtext.

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What is Hercules Hero’s Journey? 12 Stages

Wondering how Joseph Campbell’s monomyth narrative structure applies to this well-known Greek myth? Read on to discover the Hercules hero’s journey.

Hercules – also known as Heracles – and his twelve labors, are one of the staples of Greek mythology. The story has even been transformed into a Disney movie and plenty of big-budget action-adventure fantasy films over the years.

The hero’s journey structure can be clearly identified in the tale. We can see the twelve stages, from The Ordinary World through to The Return with the Elixir in Hercules’s story, as his adventures take him from an ordinary town in Greece to the Temple of Zeus.

Return with Elixir: Hercules Becomes a God-Like Hero

Stages of the hero’s journey in hercules.

To prepare this analysis, we’ve read through many of the best books about greek mythology and also applied the hero’s journey framework to the legend of Hercules.

The Ordinary World: Hercules in the Human World

Hercules, the demigod son of Zeus, grew into a mighty warrior in the human world. He was well-respected and generally adored in his hometown of Thebes in Greece. Despite his lofty heritage, Hercules was a mortal. This background may not scream ‘ordinary world’, but it was business as usual for Hercules. You can also check out our guide on hero’s journey archetypes .

The Call to Adventure: Hercules Goes To War

Now for the next stage of the hero’s journey. Every year the people of Thebes were compelled to pay homage to the king of the Minyans, Erginus. Hercules isn’t happy about this state of affairs and, encountering some Minyans by chance, takes matters into his own hands, cutting off their noses, ears, and hands.

King Erginus is not impressed and subsequently declares war on Thebes – and Hercules in particular. The king’s army is no match for the demigod, though, and he dispatches it in short order. As a symbol of gratitude, the king of Thebes allows Hercules to marry his daughter, Megara.

Refusal of the Call: Hercules Goes Insane

Hercules happens to be Zeus’s illegitimate son, and this infuriates the jealous Hera, Zeus’s wife. She decides to drive him insane, and is so successful in her endeavors that Hercules goes seriously off the rails, even killing his three children.

For some, this represents the initial refusal stage of the hero’s journey as it represents Hercules’s refusal to take on the role of hero, becoming the dark reflection of the hero, instead. Even if he had a little help with this decision.

Meeting the Mentor: Hercules Visits the Oracle of Delphi

Hercules, recovering from the temporary insanity, is devasted at what he has done. He decides that a visit to the Oracle of Delphi is needed to help him figure out what to do. The Oracle was a high priestess, serving in the sanctuary of Apollo, with powerful prophetic abilities.

Here, the Oracle advises him that the best way to atone for his terrible actions is to serve King Eurystheus.

Crossing the First Threshold: Hercules Undertakes Ten Labors

King Eurystheus accepts Hercules’s service offer but tells him he’ll need to undertake ten labors successfully. And that’s not a typo; there were initially ten rather than twelve labors. Hercules agrees – he is the son of Zeus, after all, so he has a level of confidence that we mere mortals may struggle to muster when faced with ten near-impossible endeavors.

Tests and Meeting Allies and Enemies: Hercules Meets Athena and Chiron

Hercules completes nine of the ten tasks. These missions include the Nemean Lion’s slaying, the Hydra’s vanquishing, capturing the Cretan Bull, and retrieving Hippolyte’s belt.

Some of the allies that Hercules meets on his adventures are Athena and the centaur Chiron, but it wasn’t all plain sailing, even with a ton of supernatural aid. The Greek god Poseidon’s sons and Sarpedon (another of Zeus’s offspring) were just a few of the characters that cause trouble for the erstwhile hero during his quest. But being Hercules, he vanquishes them all.

Approaching the Inmost Cave: Hercules Travels to The Edge of The World

For his tenth labor, Hercules has to travel to the very edge of the world, Erytheia, sailing across the Atlantic Ocean to do so. His mission is to retrieve the Red Cattle of Geryon. This part of the hero’s journey concerns the approach to the inmost cave.

According to Joseph Campbell, who wrote widely on this structure, this part of the journey represents a pause before a shift: the hero’s mindset may change. He or she may be approaching unchartered territory, either physically or spiritually, and must draw on new energy to continue.

The Ordeal: Hercules Recovers the Golden Apples of Hesperides

Those allies we mentioned above who gave Hercules a helping hand in his quest? King Eurystheus wasn’t best pleased with the intervention and stated that two of the ten labors that had been assigned were, therefore, invalid. The king subsequently set two additional tasks – bringing the total to twelve labors.

These extra missions were to bring back the golden apples of Hesperides and to fetch Cerberus from Hades. When Hercules successfully completes these two extra tasks, he becomes a bona fide Greek hero.

The Reward: Hercules Enters Olympus

It was never about treasure. By completing the twelve labors, Hercules is seen as atoning for the murder of his children and is now ready to join the godly world of his father in Olympus . But the hero’s journey doesn’t end there…

The Road Back: Hercules Returns to Earth

According to the Disney version of this Greek myth, Hercules isn’t satisfied with life in Olympus and returns to the ordinary world to live as a mortal with his beloved Meg (Megara). However, this isn’t exactly what happens, according to Greek mythology.

In the original legend, Hercules gives his wife to his friend Iolaus (okaaaay) and decides to live out his life as a heroic wanderer on Earth.

The Resurrection: Hercules is Reborn Immortal

Zeus granted Hercules immortality after successfully undertaking his twelve labors. According to some versions of the tale, this happened immediately after he returned from Hades with Cerberus in tow, and in others, it occurred at a later point. Either way, Hercules’s rebirth as an immortal is clearly the Resurrection stage of his journey.

As well as gaining God status and access to Mount Olympus, Hercules is now able to use the lessons he has learned throughout the hero’s journey to heal his past wounds and be a true hero. He is triumphant in every sense of the word, has atoned, and gained spiritual freedom.

Hero’s Journey Archetypes

When it comes to main characters, there are several archetypes. Hercules is generally considered an example of the Warrior archetype, as he primarily uses his physical skills and strength to overcome challenges and trials.

However, the character in Disney’s Hercules can be categorized differently. In Disney’s retelling of the tale, Hercules is cast in the Orphan role, cast adrift in the Ordinary World and needing to discover himself and his powers to gain fulfillment. The role of the hero does not sit quite comfortably at first; think Peter Parker in Spiderman , another Orphan archetype.

This shift of Hercules’s character from Warrior to Orphan archetype tells an interesting story about general cultural shifts that have occurred over time and the nature of our understanding of the ‘hero’ role and its mentality.

If you enjoyed this analysis, check out our guide to movies that follow the hero’s journey.

Melanie Smith is a freelance content and creative writer from Gloucestershire, UK, where she lives with her daughter, long-suffering partner, and cat, The Magical Mr. Bobo. Her blog posts and articles feature regularly in magazines and websites around the world.

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