mauritania train trip

How to Ride the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania

Riding the Iron Ore train from Nouadhibou to Choum, Mauritania was one of the top travel experiences I have ever had.  The journey from the coast into the heart of the Mauritania Sahara is as much of an adventure as one could possible have, and will certainly leave you full of stories to tell.

  I will let you know a little bit about what to expect and what to bring with you on the trip as well as share some photos from the Mauritanian iron ore train, which I have been told may actually be the longest train in the world at over 2 km long.

Quickly below there is a little bit of logistical information about catching the iron ore train. Note that this explanation is for the journey inland. I should also note that you should definitely use local knowledge. Things change with the train, and the locals know.

What Time does the Train Leave?

Ask in town when the iron ore train is leaving .  It generally leaves at 2pm from the train station outside of Nouadhibou, but can change.  It can be late, but is usually surprisingly punctual going this direction. When I caught the train, it rolled in about noon, and was already loading up an hour before leaving. I’d get here really early.

Buying Tickets for the Iron Ore Train?

If you are going to go in the passenger car you need to buy a ticket inside the station.  You might want to buy a day or two in advance as they sometimes sell out.  It’s also worth noting that from my experience it looked like seating might be a mess. As soon as the train showed up, everyone sprinted to try to board the passenger car. I’m not sure if that means there’s limited seats or seperate classes, but it’s worth asking. There is limited space.

If you plan on stowing away in one of the ore cars, it is free and you don’t need a ticket. It’s likely that a police officer will come by, but that’s just to check that you have a fiche.

How to Board the Iron Ore Train if You’re Stowing Away?

One of my mottos of travel is, “follow the locals”.

That’s exactly what I did.

I saw a group of about 4 people racing towards a car and I followed them. They helped me into the car and we travelled together. I think you could ride in any carriage you’d like, but for me it was nice to have others with me that knew what they were doing and where we were going.

I would say that you’ll likely want to board a car close to the passenger car. Remember, this train is 2 km long. When you get to Choum if you’ll want to be close to where the passenger car drops people off.

What Documents Do you Need?

Obviously, you’ll want your passport. But, you’ll also definitely want to bring along at least two fiches ( info on the fiche here ). There are a couple times along the journey were security or the police might do a stop and an inspection. Having a fiche will ensure that it’s a smooth journey.

How Dirty is the Iron Ore Train?

It’s bad. But, on the way from Nouadhibou to Choum, you are travelling in empty train cars. It makes it a little bit more manageable, to be honest. Not only are you not sitting directly on the coal, but you also have a bit of shelter from the desert winds.

But, even with empty coal cars I was absolutely filthy by the end of the journey. Be sure to bring a face covering so you’re not breathing in bad air the whole journey.

Toilets if you Stow Away?

About 3 hours into my journey I started to think, “what happens if I need the toilet?”

Luckily, there are about 2 or 3 times along the journey that the train just stops randomly. When it does, all the stowaways jump out to relieve themselves. Remember, the train is 2 km long you can hear it starting to move about 5 minutes before you start really rolling again. You have time for the toilet. But, definitely don’t over-hydrate.

How Long is The Train Journey

The train takes about 14-16 hours to Choum.  I believe it was about 340km and there are stops on the way to Choum.  I arrived in Choum at 4am. There are the occasional roadside markers telling you how far you’ve gotten. So, you’re not totally blind.

Arrival in Choum, Mauritania

When you get off in Choum there will be at least one truck to Atar.  My suggestion is to pay a little extra for a seat inside the truck if you can as the ride in the back of the truck (as I did) was one of the most uncomfortable rides I’ve ever taken.

What you need to Bring

• Headscarf : You will want a headscarf for sure.  The iron ore isn’t too bad, but the dust from the desert will beat you silly without one.  The stuff sticks to  hair almost magnetically.
• Snacks : The locals will bring tea and bread into the car with them.  At a certain hour they will eat as a group.  Of course, they will invite you as well.  If you don’t bring anything they will still share, but you’ll feel like a jerk joining them.  I brought cashews, raisins, and a little bit of fruit all of which were all hits.
• Water : Don’t think that 1 litre is enough.  I packed just 1 litre on the iron ore train and I was parched by the time I got to Choum.  The locals will make you tea and they might even use some of your water if they need it.  Bring 2Ls per person if you can.  There are a couple places along the way that people try to sell water, but it’s not a guarantee.
• Sunscreen : You’re really only in the sun for the first couple hours, but in the Sahara it will burn you quickly if you’re not careful.
• Light : It’s dark on the train.  In fact, aside from the moon and stars it is black.  Bring a light of some sort.
• Jacket : If you’re riding in the Summer you’ll likely not need it for the warmth, but in the Winter you definitely will.  Regardless, you’ll at least want something that’s waterproof to keep the dusk and iron ore off your skin ( well, as much as you can ).
• Mat :  I didn’t have a sleeping mat and I got by fine.  However, if you have a mat that you don’t mind getting a bit dirty you’ll be in heaven.  Laying in the back of that iron ore train under the stars was incredible, and if it were a bit more comfortable I might never have wanted to leave.
• Fiche : As I mentioned, you’ll want to carry a couple copies of your Mauritania Fiche .  I printed 20 in Nouadhibou, and by the time I got to Nouakchott 10 days later I went through them all plus 5 more.

• Don’t be Scared : Everyone likes a scary story, this is not one.  Although it sounds really crazy, and is, it’s not really dangerous at all.
• Trust the Locals : I don’t think I’ve ever met more hospitable people in the world than in Mauritania.  They are always looking to help out visitors and are glad to point them in the right direction.
• Drink it in: Take some time to lay back, take a look up at those amazing stars and reflect on where you are in the world. Riding the iron ore train in Mauritania is one of the world’s great adventures.  And you likely have it all to yourself! How amazing is that?

Places to Stay in Nouadhibou and Choum?

When I was there, the accommodation situation in Nouadhibou was pretty rough. In fact, I got bedbugs from the place I stayed.

There just isn’t really anything in the budget range that’s a pleasant experience. However, there are some nice places to stay. Hotel Delphin-Nouadhibou is likely the top hotel in town, and Hotel Tasiast is likely the nicest.

In Atar, there are no hotels, really. However, there are a couple guesthouses. I stayed with a dutch immigrant on his strange property. You basically just need to rock up and find somewhere – and you will.

Great story and thanks for the information regarding Mauritania fiche – handy information. In Australia we have a lot of these 2km iron ore trains in the north of Western Australia but you can’t ride on them and don’t have passenger cars. Someone I know who works up there went on one once in the drivers room and said it was a great trip.

It’s great fun. There is only one passenger car on this train and it is pretty rough too. Personally, I think you’d be better off in the cars under the stars on this one than stuffed in the old passenger car, but that’s just me. I’m a bit mad haha.

I’ve always wanted to do something like this. Good to hear it’s not too hard 😀

Travellers like to build up their adventures like the are so hardcore. And maybe I’m just a vet, but for me this was a piece of pie. However, riding the iron ore train was absolutely epic and incredible. The worst part, however, was the 3 hours in the back of the truck after… that was torture.

It’s not very often that we get to read about a completely original journey in the travel blogosphere. Even Iraqi Kurdistan is starting to be a bit “done.” Thanks for sharing!

Hey Kate, It’s almost a struggle finding unique experiences like this. However, that’s always been my goal and hopefully Africa brings on plenty more like this! Thanks for reading!

mysterious journey

Hi Brendan,

I am looking at travelling over there shortly and plan to do this train ride and spend quite a bit of time in Mauritania and Western Sahara, Morocco and Algeria.

Could you please let me know how well each of these countries speak English? as I do not speak any other language (as yet) I would love to know how hard it is to get by with only an English vocabulary.

Kind regards Trent Becirevic

Hi Trent, it’s fairly easy in Morocco and Western Sahara. In Mauritania, it will be much more difficult but not impossible. I know plenty of people who have done it with no English at all. As for Algeria, I can’t really say as I’ve not been there before. I’m sure that you’ll be able to get by just fine though, it’ll just take a touch of patience and some sign language.

Very nice adventure. Would like to ask for more info if it’s possible…

Hey! Thanks so much for all this information!! Was just wondering did you buy a passenger ticket or stow away? Thanks!!

I stowed away.

How did you get back to the coast? Would like to do the journey the other way round..

Hi, I’m a solo female traveler and I’m hoping to take the iron ore train in a few days, do you think it will be safe/comfortable as a solo female ? Did you see any women ?

There were lots of women, but none in the stowaway cars. They were all in the passenger car. Personally, I think you’d be fine stowing away. The men on the train we extremely hospitable to me.

Hello mate.

Just came back from Western Africa. Me and my pal Hubert did this trip in both ways in a period of two days. Firstly we’ve arrived from Nouakchott to Nouadhibou. From there a cart to Zouerat (over 624 km) then small bus/van to Atar. The next day we came back to Choum and took another cart to Nouadhibou (437 km). All in all 1061 km 😉

Pictures from our trip:

https://www.facebook.com/TheZietexOnTour

Congrats on the epic journey!

Hi Krystian

I’m about to do the train and hopefully in both directions as well. Was it easy to find a place to stay in Atar? Or easier to stay in Chaum fo the day and then get the train back with out going to Atar

Hello Brendan, could you please give more directions going to the old mosque in the desert outside of Chinguetti? Maybe screenshot a google maps location? I cant seem to find much else information about it. Cheers mate.

From Chinguetti walk along the trench in the dunes to the northwest. It’s near Entkemkemt. All the locals know it and will be able to guide you.

Hi Brendon,

Great report! Thanks for sharing your epic journey! I will love to take this train. How is 2nd week of March – weatherwise in Mauritania? How about going to bathroom on a 16+ hours journey? Do they have one in passenger car?

This is amazing. Travel and train hopping. What an adventure.

What an epic journey! I definitely want to put this on my bucket list, especially just to see the stars at night while riding the train back to the coast. I can only imagine what that night sky looked like for you guys. Aside from the iron ore train ride, how much time would you say is adequate to visit the main sites of Mauritania?

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How I rode Mauritania’s Iron Ore Train across the Sahara Desert. 

• By Sarah Steiner
• Updated On April 20, 2024

Riding the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania is one of the most unique train journeys you can take in the world. It’s renowned as the longest, heaviest and most dangerous trains in the world.

Many travellers set out to ride on top of the iron ore train across the Sahara Desert aiming for the short ride from Zouerat to Choum. But I’ve got a full story that covers riding the iron ore train across Mauritania in both directions.  

It’s Gavin here – and I rode the iron ore train from Nouadhibou to Zouerat and back again from Zouerat to the port of Nouadhibou.

But first, here is the condensed version. And my tips for how to ride the iron ore train from Zouerat to Nouadhibou.

Here is everything I wanted to know beforehand about Mauritania’s iron ore train journey. 

About Mauritania’s iron ore train

Mauritania’s iron ore train snakes out across the desert along the border of Mauritania and Western Sahara.  It travels on a single track of 704 kilometres (437 miles).  

And with over 200 freight wagons weight up to 84 tons it is over 3km (1.8 miles) in length, making it the longest and heaviest train in the world. 

The train is operated by the national mining and industrial society (SNIM).  And its role is to take iron ore from the mines near the town of Zouerat and transport and deliver it to the port city of Nouadhibou. 

Riding the Iron Ore train 

Riding Mauritania’s iron ore train is on the scale of epic adventures that warrants an entire story on its own.  And so, that’s what I’ve done.  On our YouTube channel you can see the video. Or separately, I have written the story I want to share about the journey. 

Right now, though, if the train is something you are seriously considering.  Here is everything you wanted to know – and wanted to ask – about riding Mauritania’s iron ore train.   In any direction! 

Where does the iron ore train go?

The iron ore train travels from  Zouerat  –  Choum  –  Nouadhibou . 

• Zouerat:  This is starting point for the train.  Zouerat is the mining town where the iron ore mines are; some 700km from the coast of Mauritania. 
• Choum:  A small settlement between Zouerat and Atar where the train (most trains) does a short stop to load and unload passengers and cargo. 
• Nouadhibou:  Mauritania’s second largest city and the destination of the iron ore train.  The iron ore is unloaded from the train at the port of Nouadhibou. 

So, can you ride the train in both directions? 

Yes.  You can.   And this is what I did. 

But both directions offer an entirely different experience.

• Noudhibou to Zouerat:  In this direction the wagons of the train are empty (there is no iron ore in the wagons). This means that you ride inside the empty wagon for the journey. 
• Zouerat to Nouadhibou:  In this direction, the wagons are full and loaded with iron ore.  

It is also an option to ride the train from  Zouerat to Choum ; or you could ride the train from  Choum to Nouadhibou  if you don’t want to do such a long journey.  (More about this later; but the downside of riding from Choum to Nouadhibou is that you will need to climb onto the train in darkness and you will miss the famed Sahara sunset.  

Riding the train empty gives you a chance to meet locals and drink tea and patch together a conversation.  But empty is definitely harder.  The wind swirls around and the vibration of 200 empty wagons is indefinite.  On the other hand, you are not alone in the empty wagon.  And so, you get the chance to experience the journey with locals.  

For me, despite it being physically harder, the experience was even better than the travelling on top of the iron ore.  

How much does it cost to ride the iron ore train? 

Riding on the train on top of the iron ore wagons (or in the empty wagons) is completely free.  This is a means of transport for locals who work in the iron ore mines in Zouerat to get to and from work. 

There is also the option to ride inside the single passenger carriage.  There are limited spaces in the carriage (there is only one passenger carriage). 

A ticket for the passenger carriage in the iron ore train  costs 6 EUR  (current in 2023). 

So, what about the passenger carriage?

Each train – in either direction – has over 200 wagons for iron ore and 1 passenger carriage.  But let’s talk about the passenger carriage… 

It is a basic train carriage with a few wooden benches inside.  And I would estimate it has (officially) seats for 30.  But the number of tickets actually sold for the passenger carriage definitely does not equate to the number of spaces taken. 

When the train finally pulled into Nouadhibou station (empty; and heading towards Zouerat) just before 02:00am there was the kind of mad scramble that left my mate Xavier and I standing there in shock.  Everyone leapt up, grabbing coats and bags and wrapped packages and boxes, and started throwing them onto the train. We looked towards the passenger carriage, and it was just bulging at the seams. 

There were babies being lifted in by their legs and passed through the window.  Everyone was just scrambling to get on.  There were whistles blowing, women screaming, babies crying, and goats being loaded into wagons.  It was mad.  

Choosing to ride the empty wagon (and not the passenger carriage). 

My original plan was to ride the passenger carriage out (from Nouadhibou to Zouerat) and ride back on top of the iron ore (from Zouerat to Noudhibou). 

But standing there as I clutched my 6 EUR ticket there was no way I was going to take a local’s seat – or a lady and babies’ space – in that carriage. 

We had been talking to a couple of guys in the waiting room of the train station (during the 12-hour wait) and they were local miners heading out to Zouerat for work.  And as we stood there watching the chaos, they waved us over and nodded towards the wagon.  Without any shared language but Google translate on a phone they invited us to ride with them.  The screen read; ‘Come with us. The wind can be fatal’.  

And so, I climbed up and over the edge of the empty wagon.  There were already 10 guys in there spreading blankets over the floor and getting ready for the journey.  The moon was up; and this was it.  

The train lurched as the wagons began to pick up slack.  And we departed for Zouerat. 

Read the full story here.

How often – and at what time – does the iron ore train depart? 

The Iron Ore Train departs daily – every single day of the year, with absolutely no exception.

• There are two to three trains a day that come from  Zouerat , but there is no official (known) timetable. The trains leave Zouerat when they are filled with ore; not when they are scheduled. 

Supposedly, departing from Zouerat, the train regularly leaves around midday.  However, my train departed closer to 2:00pm. 

In Noudhibou they told us the train always departs from  Nouadhibou  (in the other direction) at 2:00pm. 

My train departed Nouadhibou at 02:00h.  As in; 02:00 AM .  

This is Mauritania.  And the train schedule is nothing like you know from home. 

But certainly, the train departs every day in each direction.  

Patience is a must. 

What is the best time of year for doing the Iron Ore train?

I rode the iron ore train in February. But there are pros and cons to riding the train in different seasons. 

• Winter:  During the day the trip is a pleasant temperature but at night, temperatures drop severely.  You need to make sure you have enough warm clothes and a blanket. 
• Summer:  The sun will be incredibly harsh during the day, but the nights will be warmer. 

What about food and drink on the train?

This is a complicated practice.  As soon as you board the train (actually, as soon as you arrive at the so-called-train-station at either end) you will (fast) start to become covered in iron ore dust.  Your hands will be filthy.  But that’s not the only challenge.  Trying to eat on a train moving at speed means you must combat wind as well.  

In the empty wagon the guys huddled under a blanket with a single-burner gas ring (and many attempts to light it) to make tea to share around.  But on top of the iron, you’re best to wait until the train stops and quickly eat something then.  (And whether or not you’re partial to the taste of iron ore it is going to taste like it!).  

We took nuts and biscuits from the small shop in Nouadhibou.  These were good to be able to offer and share around.  We only wish we had taken more.  

The locals are generous and offered us whatever they had.  

From Zouerat to Nouadhibou we brought pretty much same thing.  Biscuits and peanuts; and a tin of tuna (which was not a good idea).  Bring snacks that are easy to eat. 

Is it safe to ride the iron ore train in Maruitania?

Not really.

Hitching a ride of the iron ore train is often touted as one of the most dangerous journeys in the world. 

And the journey is one I know might not be an option once group tours and international tour groups start offering this as extreme tourism. (Only until someone gets hurt). 

But you can take steps to make it as safe for you personally as is reasonable.  (As tempting as it might be to get that perfect selfie; if you fall off, they aren’t stopping.). Wear warm clothes, take enough water for the journey, cover up your face and eyes and don’t balance on the edge of wagon unnecessarily. 

How long does the journey take?

Assuming everything goes smoothly with no breakdowns, and obviously not including the extraordinary wait-time you might experience before you depart. (Hello, 12 hours wait in Noudhibou train-station platform); timing for the train is fairly standard. 

• Zouerat to Choum:  4 hours
• Choum to Noudhibou:  14 – 15 hours
• Zouerat to Choum:  18 – 20 hours

Google maps gives the distance a time of less than 15 hours from Zouerat to Nouadhibou; but speaking from experience, it’s much longer than that. 

I left our hostel in Nouadhbiou at 1:00pm on the Day 1 and arrived back in Nouadhibou at the train station on Day 4(!) at 7:00am.  

You need time and patience.  Seriously.  And a lot of it. 

Remember that this is a working train transporting iron ore and workers from A to B.  That’s its main purpose.  It isn’t designed for tourism.  

Make sure you leave yourself at least a buffer of 48 hours either side of your train experience.  Whatever you do don’t book flights or transport to exit Mauritania within a short time of your expected arrival because things can (and will) change. 

What about toilets on the iron ore train?

Define toilet? 

But seriously, the answer is No.  

There are no toilets on the iron ore train.  

Well, there may be one inside the single passenger carriage (if that could be referenced under the definition of a toilet…).  But if you are riding inside the empty wagons or on top of the iron ore there is no toilet. 

The train  does  stop several times during the journey.

And this is your chance to leap off and do your business really (seriously, really) quickly before it lurches off again.  It isn’t as dramatic as some YouTubers make it look.  It’s a 3km long train and it takes a while to get going.  But it’s not something you want to mess with. They aren’t looking out for your wellbeing or toilet needs.   

If you are riding on top of the iron ore in the wagons, and you are a bloke – you are luckier than most. In this instance you will have the opportunity when the train stops (randomly, in the middle of nowhere/middle of the night) to wee off the side of the carriage.  Follow of the lead of locals (if you are lucky to be on board with others in the wagon).  Otherwise, this is the time to use your imitative.  

Be careful and do take it seriously.  

And remember that when the engine stops in a town or settlement; if you are 15 carriages back you aren’t anywhere near civilization.  Make the most of the opportunity if you need.  And do be careful. 

Where is the station in Noudhibou?

The train stops a few kilometers outside of Nouadhibou.  Albeit on arrival it sort of feels like somewhere in the middle of nowhere.  But there will be several taxis will be waiting for the passengers.  (And if you’re keen you can help unload and shepherd some of the sheep and goats from the wagons towards a waiting pick-up truck as we did).  

If you are departing from Nouadhibou to Zouerat on the iron ore train then you may (read: will be) spending quite a bit of time at the Nouadhibou train station. There is waiting room (an empty room with a few bench seats) and a basic toilet outside (I wouldn’t recommend it; seriously).

But believe it or not; this train station is more than what we saw in Zouerat.

Where is the station in Zouerat?

The word ‘station’ is a rather loose term to describe the point of departure in Zouerat.  

The train departs from the Zouerat mine but the supposed station is in the small settlement of Fderik, about 24km from Zouerat heading towards Choum. 

Getting to Zouerat or Choum from Atar or Noukchott

From Nouakchott you need to catch a bus or shared taxi to Atar.  

Atar is the capital of Adrar and a base for reaching Chinguetti or Ouadne (and Zouerat). 

From Atar you can catch a local bus or taxi to Zouerat.  The travel time is around four hours and the bus stops in Choum. 

Getting to the train station in Nouadhibou

The train station in Nouadhibou is a few kilometres out of town on the single main road.  It is easy to get a taxi to the train station. 

Arriving at the train station in Nouadhibou

There will be taxis waiting on your arrival in Nouadhibou and you can negotiate a fare to take you to your hotel in Nouadhibou.

What do you need? Packing list for the iron ore train.

• Cloth face mask (to prevent you from breathing dust)
• Headscarf (for sun and dust) to wrap up your face and head
• Ski goggles (or any type of glasses that cover your eyes well)
• Blanket (from local shop) 
• Warm clothes 
• Water (at least 3L or more)
• Food – easy stuff to eat that you don’t need to prepare or touch much)
• Plastic bags (to wrap up your stuff)

*About the ski goggles; whoever first recommended these was a genius.  They are a great idea.  But let me tell you about the reality or wearing ski goggles on the iron ore train… 

You see, my friend and I rode the iron ore train from Nouadhibou to Zouerat AND back again. And he had kindly brought us two brand new ski goggles from Spain that would have been perfect.

But when you are sitting inside an empty wagon for 18 hours with 10 other local guys and their young sons – many of whom don’t even have a blanket; and one man without shoes – I sure as hell was not going to be the one to pull out my brand-new ski goggles from Europe.

Would you do it again?

I would do it again in a heartbeat. It was tough but I would absolutely do it again. In a heartbeat.

More useful links for your travels in Mauritania and beyond…

These are the companies we use while traveling fulltime as a family and that we would recommend to anyone planning and booking travel. 

• Booking.com  – The best all-around accommodation booking site that constantly provides the cheapest and lowest rates. They have the widest selection of budget accommodation and it’s easy to filter and sort into price and availability with all the extras you are looking for personally. 
• Hostelworld   – The largest inventory of hostel accommodation in the world. 
• Skyscanner   – This is by far our favourite flight search engine. They are able to search small websites and budget airlines that larger search sites often miss. We book all our flights through Skyscanner.  
• GetYourGuide   – Get Your Guide is a huge online marketplace for tours and excursions offered all around the world including everything from walking tours, to street-food tours, cooking classes, desert safari’s and more!
• World Nomads   – Travel insurance tailored for longterm travel and nomads (including those who have already left home). 

Read more about Morocco and Mauritania

• Crossing the Morocco Mauritania border from Dakhla.
• Buying a SIM card in Morocco: And how to get unlimited data.
• A guide to campsites in Morocco.
• Morocco motorhome services: What are motorhome services really like?
• Taking your motorhome on the ferry from Spain to Morocco.
• Getting LPG in Morocco for your motorhome.

Wondering about itineraries?  Questions about schooling?  See our Family Travel Guides and FAQ here . 

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7 thoughts on “How I rode Mauritania’s Iron Ore Train across the Sahara Desert. ”

Were other people at the hostel you stayed at that were riding the train / did you run into other tourists? I’m curious if I go solo, I will find other travelers.

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Hi, Very helpful post. I am planning a short trip to Mauritania in October. The plan is as follows: 8th October Arrival at Nouakchott airport 4:45 pm Pickup. Stay in AirBnb 9th October: Departure from the hotel at 7:00 AM. Car to Zouerat. Detour via Ben Amera and night driving Anticipated arrival in Zouerat around midnight or past. Spend the night in an apartment. (Elbeyjouj Booking.com) 10th October: After late breakfast, visit the market. Later, go to the train station to prepare for the train ride. Iron Train ride Depending on the time of departure, arrive in Choum during daylight * Someone will drive the car from Zouerat to Choum*** Drive Choum to Atar Overnight in Atar 11th October: Sightsee in Atar. Short stops in Terjit, Akjoujet. Drive back to Nouakchott. Night at AirBnb in Nouakchott 12th October Sightsee in Nouakchott Dropoff at Airport for 8:05 flight back.

What do you think?

As I look at tour companies on trip advisor, they seem to all want huge amounts for the simplest of tours ($450 for a 2 hour tour of Nouakchott for a group!). Do you have any sense of what a car+driver+fuel cost will be / should be per day? The $300-400 per day I have been quoted is outrageous, I think. Satya

I and several others rode that train (“the free train”) from the Atlantic to the interior of Mauritania at night back in the winter of 1970. No one knew what to expect, the dust wasn’t that bad because the cars were empty. However, because the cars had been built to haul tons of ore, when they were empty they shook up and down violently—maybe 6 inches rapidly—all night long. I was fortunate that I had worked for a railroad back in the states and knew that if one were to stand and bend your knees slightly the bouncing would be ameliorated. And so it was all night long. We were very happy to get to the final destination—“free train” my ass!

This is by far the best article on the Mauritania Iron Ore (MIO) train ride! Thank you Gavin for sharing the information. Me and a pal plan to do the MIO from Choum to Nouadhibou this coming November, and your article is a MASSIVE help!

Can I ask you a couple of questions? Hope you have the time to reply me 1) When you are in Nouakchott, is it easy to find a bus or taxi to Atar? I am afraid that I won’t be able to find one, and I’ll be stuck in the city. Is there a bus station or a taxi centre for me to go? 2) In Atar, are there drivers / taxis to Terjit, Chinguetti for day trips? 3) When you are in Atar, is it easy to get a taxi or bust to Choum? 4) Where in Atar did you get your cheap clothing/blankets for the ride? 5) I reckon ATMs are unreliable in Mauritania. How much cash do you think I should prepare for a 5-day trip (including MIO) ?

Thanks once again. I want to ride the MIO without having to join tours that cost two grand! Your article is god sent!!! PS: NZ is my favourite country! Best people and landscapes in the world imo! Shane (@shanesunburn) – Sending LOVE from Singapore! (I think I spoke to Sarah on IG a couple of months back on the Wagah Border crossing. Again.. massive help! )

Hi Shane, awesome to hear from you and exciting for your upcoming adventures in Mauritania. Thanks for the great feedback. I truly had an amazing experience and despite many adventure-tours now doing it I managed to have a really humbling local experience. A very interesting insight and way to see a different side of Mauritania.

I actually rode the Iron Ore Train both ways – empty from Nouadhibou to Zouerat and (full/loaded) from Zouerat to Nouadhibou. But in my experience, whenever the train did stop – even in the middle of nowhere – there is a line of a few taxis that chase the train until it stops (they will see you on there! They aren’t waiting for tourists but are waiting for locals, goods, goats and stock – anything that needs a ride). So you will find transport to and from wherever you start the train.

We bought blankets in Zouerat in the morning before riding the train back. I gifted the new blankets to the miners we had met and took their old ones. (The blankets are well worn afterwards!). I wore my travel clothes underneath a Moroccan Djellaba. You definitely need a scarf. Make sure if you are going to buy cheap clothes that they are going to handle it! You can check out my video on YouTube for the ride. We didn’t wear goggles on the trip in the wagon with the locals (some of them didn’t even have shoes!). We found Standard Chartered ATM and one other worked for us in Nouadhibou so don’t panic too much. (No ATM’s in Zouerat). And don’t carry too much cash with you – see my video about that but we didn’t have much on us. You don’t need much. Have an awesome time and look forward to hearing how it goes! Gavin 🙂

This is a merest refined post. Thankyou pro posting this remarkable article. More info

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Riding the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania

• by Stephen Rohan
• March 18, 2024

In February 2024 I rode the famous iron ore train across the Sahara Desert in Mauritania , West Africa. At nearly three km long, it is considered the longest train in the world and takes its cargo of iron ore from the mines in Zouerat to the coastal city of Nouadhibou.

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The train operates 365 days of the year and consists of up to 210 cars and three locomotive engines. It traverses the only railway line in Mauritania which stretches 704 km (437 miles) across the desert.

Although there are two passenger wagons at the end of the train, many locals can’t afford a ticket so hop on the iron ore wagons and travel for free, and this is exactly what I did.

Riding the iron ore train was probably one of the craziest adventures I’ve had, and I’ll give you all the details in case you fancy giving it a go yourself. You can also opt to take a tour like this one with my old friends at Young Pioneer Tours (I went with them to North Korea and Chernobyl).

Please note: this article contains affiliate links, meaning if you book something using my links, I’ll receive a small commission at no extra cost to you. All photographs are copyright of Stephen Anthony Rohan.

The iron ore train runs from the mines at Zouerat, along the border with Western Sahara (which is heavily mined) to the coastal city of Nouadhibou. The railway line stretches 704 km (437 miles) across northwest Mauritania and passes through a small section of Western Sahara controlled by the Polisario Front .

There are two scheduled stops; the first at Fderick and the second at Choum (which is where I caught the train from). There is no specific schedule for the train, but it usually departs Zouerat around 12 pm, reaching Choum by 5:30 pm.

However, the train didn’t arrive in Choum until 9:00 pm, meaning almost my entire journey was in darkness, save for the last hour at the end.

My Experience Riding the Iron Ore Train

After waiting around in the dusty village of Choum for what seemed like an eternity (almost five hours sitting in the same spot staring at the rails), I could feel a rumble in the far distance which could only mean the imminent arrival of the world’s longest train.

I grabbed my two bags (backpack and daysack) and headed for the tracks 20 meters away. The two engines rumbled past and I had read that the train doesn’t always make the scheduled stop. The thought of having to literally jump on, with heavy bags, filled me with dread.

Thankfully the train ground to a halt and I ran toward the front. I didn’t want to be in the middle or at the back with all that iron ore dust, though in hindsight I don’t think it would have made any difference. I purposely waited a couple of kilometers from the passenger station as the train only stops for 10 minutes and that wouldn’t be enough time to walk the entire length of the (3km) train.

A railway worker with a torch (it was now pitch black) and a whistle was running along the side of the train, and I thought he was trying to stop us freeloaders from jumping on. I froze and didn’t know what to do, but he ran straight past me and I breathed a sigh of relief.

Jumping the Train

I chose a wagon about three or four from the front, as I was worried about the train leaving before I could jump on. I grabbed the rusting handles that form a ladder at the end of each wagon and hauled myself up.

With my backpack on and daysack slung around my arm, it was hard to pull myself to the top. I was half expecting to find a family of Mauritanians staring at me as I peered over the top, but thankfully the wagon was empty. Save of course for several tons of fine iron ore.

I threw my daysack in and hoisted myself over and into the railway car, landing on the soft, fine dust. “Well, this is it”, I thought to myself. The entire journey from London through France, Portugal, Spain, Morocco and Western Sahara was really just a prelude to this; the main purpose for the trip. That being said, I fully subscribe to the notion that the journey is equally important as, if not more so, than the destination.

I slumped into the huge pile of ore beneath me, which was comfortable enough, but soon discovered that there would be no escaping it. It had a very distinctive metallic smell and taste, which would stay with me for days (as would the fine particles which I’m still finding in pockets even back in England).

I quickly assembled everything that I wanted for the journey. Head torch, water, book and most importantly, face masks which seemed to be buried at the bottom of my bag (prepared as always). I put a mask on and covered myself with my shemagh as best I could.

The sound of an air horn indicated our imminent departure and the train started to ease off into the warm, desert night. I looked up and had never seen a night sky like it before. The Milky Way was clearly visible and there were more stars than I’d ever seen in my life.

We picked up a bit of speed and a cool wind started to blow clouds of ore from the front three carriages. It was now that I really wished I had picked the first one, though even then I’m not convinced how much of a difference it would have made. The cloud of ore was visible in the night sky and it was unrelenting.

It was now that a small amount of panic set in. My mouth was full of ore, even through the mask and headscarf, and I was clearly breathing it in too. The thought of eating and breathing the metallic dust for the next 12 to 14 hours didn’t fill me with joy, but I didn’t have much of a choice in the matter and just had to make the best of it.

I sat and watched the landscape and night sky as we trundled through the desert at 50 km/h, but the wind and dust made it almost impossible, so I used my backpack as a pillow and made myself comfortable down the side of the wagon out of the wind.

An Uncomfortable Night

I tried to read my book ( Walking the Amazon by Ed Stafford) by torchlight, but it was difficult to concentrate with the adrenaline and constant flow of iron ore in my face. I could even feel it in my eyes, even though I had what I thought were snug ski goggles for protection.

After an hour or so the train slowed to a halt and I took the opportunity to get back up and try and enjoy the nighttime panorama once more. I drank some water, but it did nothing to shift the ever-present metallic taste in my mouth.

I smoked a cigarette and wondered to myself if the ore was flammable, but remembered back to a story about locals lighting fires in the wagons to make tea, so thankfully I didn’t ignite a 3-km long fuse!

We were soon off again and I resumed my position below the side of the car to escape the worst of the wind. It was now quite cool, but I was just about warm enough in my hoodie and jacket. Many people buy a blanket in Atar but I didn’t think this necessary given the daytime temperatures of around 35 degrees, even in February.

I read one report online of a woman who did the trip in pouring rain, and thanked whatever gods may be that I had clear skies. I can’t imagine the Sahara gets much rain, but that must have been truly miserable, with no escape for the entire night. I suppose the only saving grace would be it would limit the dust cloud.

I settled back into my space, which was very comfortable on the body, as it’s like laying in sand, but I was constantly having to adjust my goggles and mask to try and curb the inflow of dust and ore particles. I’m not going to lie, I did find this to be mildly traumatic, if not incredibly annoying.

A Welcome Respite

At around 1 am the train made another stop in the middle of the desert, for what reason I don’t know. This time we stopped for a couple of hours, and this was the first time I could actually start to enjoy the experience fully.

I sat back on top of the wagon and washed my mouth out as best I could, ate some mini sponge cakes I had bought, not caring a toss about the ore on my hands (I’d already ingested and inhaled so much, it wasn’t going to make much difference if I ate a little more).

The night sky was bright and the moon illuminated the sand dunes which stretched into the darkness. There was absolutely nothing in any direction, just me, this long old train, and what seemed like the entire universe above me.

I smoked a couple of cigarettes and wished that Mauritania wasn’t a dry country, as a wee dram of something from my hip flask wouldn’t have gone amiss at this particular moment, but I drank in the surroundings and was content for the time being.

Journey’s End

Once we set off again into the night I got back down into my memory-foam-style bed for the night and drifted off into a surprisingly good sleep (waking sporadically to adjust face mask and goggles again). When I awoke it was around 8 am and a warm morning light enveloped the surrounding desert.

There was nothing but orange-yellow sand as far as the eye could see in all directions, punctuated by signs warning of landmines every kilometer or so. The train follows the border with the Sahrawi lands of disputed Western Sahara and I imagine the mines are there to stop the Islamic terrorists that flit across the borders of the Sahel.

The train slowed down enough to be able to sit up top again and I was able to finally take some pictures, though just on my phone as my camera was sealed in a plastic bag to protect from the dust (it would later seize up from sand in the deserts of Morocco anyway so a largely pointless precaution).

I watched the sun come up over the dunes and it wasn’t long before we pulled into the station (well, not exactly) in Nouadhibou. Getting down from the wagon was a little easier than getting up as I dropped my bags over the side first (hoping my camera and laptop would survive) and clambered down the rusty metal rungs.

There were plenty of taxi drivers waiting and I secured a ride the 4 km to my hotel, the Nouadhibou Guest House, where I was able to get cleaned up and wash most (not all) of the iron ore form myself and my belongings. I was coughing it up for days, and I still find little deposits of iron here and there when moving my rucksack.

Practical Information

Getting to mauritania.

I traveled to Mauritania over land and sea from England, but most people will opt to fly to Nouakchott. The airport at Nouadhibou is currently closed for an upgrade as of March 2024.

There are weekly flights to Nouakchott with Air France and Turkish Airlines from Paris and Istanbul as well as other destinations across Africa.

Young Pioneer Tours has a 7-day Mauritania tour that includes the iron ore train departing in January 2025. The cost is £1545 and includes all food and transport in Mauritania, English-speaking guides and shared accommodation. Click here to find out more .

Accommodation in Mauritania

I stayed at a selection of hotels, guest houses and auberges (a campsite with basic rooms) while in Mauritania. Below you’ll find the details of each one:

Nouakchott – Dialali Hotel

This 4-star hotel is located close to the US Embassy and has an onsite restaurant, a swimming pool, and a poolside beach bar (selling non-alcoholic drinks – Mauritania is a dry country). The hotel has 24-hour security guards at all entrances and exits. It’s not bad, but overpriced for what it is at $70 per night. Click here to book .

Atar – Auberge Mer et Desert

My guide Ali recommended this Auberge about 4km from Atar. It was very basic, but a pleasant stay nonetheless with fantastic views of the desert and tabletop mountains. Again, a little pricey at 25 Euros per night considering the lack of facilities. Click here for location .

Nouadhibou – Nouadhibou Guest House

One of the best places I’ve ever stayed thanks to the amazing hospitality of the two Aussie owners. I arrived dirty, tired and hungry after the iron ore train, and they helped clean out my baggage on the roof, let me check in early, upgraded my room, and sent a warm croissant and coffee to my room. Click here for more info .

Where to Take the Iron Ore Train

There are three places to take the train from. You can do what most people do and start in Zouerat and ride all the way to Nouadhibou . The journey is around 20 hours. You can also pick the train up at Choum , which I did, and ride to Nouadhibou which takes around 14 hours.

Be aware that when traveling from Nouadhibou to Zouerat the wagons are empty. If opting for this route, you’ll have quite a different experience compared to riding with the full wagons which travel in the opposite direction.

If traveling from Zouerat or Choum you’ll first need to get to Atar from Nouakchott. There are daily bush taxis from the Atar Garage 12km northeast of the city center. The journey takes around 6 hours and costs 300 MRU. From Atar there are daily minibuses to Zoerat via Choum.

I’d highly recommend spending a few days in Atar so you can explore the incredible Terjit Oasis and take a trip to Chinguetti to see the ancient library, and generally gawp at the otherworldly landscapes that dominate this corner of Mauritania.

Essential Iron Ore Train Packing List

It’s important to be well-prepared for the trip, as once you are on the wagon, there is no getting off. Even if you have a medical emergency there is no possible way to alert the driver, so bear this in mind. Once you’re on, you’re on until you reach Nouadhibou.

You’ll need to take the below things with you as a bare minimum to enjoy a safe trip and make it as comfortable as possible (comfort being a relative term here).

• Water – If the train stops or breaks down in the middle of the desert, you’ll want to be prepared.
• Face masks – in all honesty, I wish I had brought a respirator as the dust is inescapable
• Headscarf – to cover over your face and masks to protect from iron ore and sand
• Goggles – ski goggles that are skintight (I left a pair at the Nouadhibou Guest House if anyone needs them)
• Food for the journey – anything that you don’t need to touch (bananas are a good option)
• Warm clothes – It gets cold at night and many people buy a blanket, but I was fine with a hoodie and jacket
• Air-tight plastic bags – for all your electronic equipment and anything you want to keep free of iron ore
• Cash for a taxi at the other end – You shouldn’t pay more than 150 MRU to get into town from the station
• Travel Insurance – undertaking an adventure like this without insurance would not be wise

Dangers – Is it Safe to Ride the Iron Ore Train?

Climbing up and onto the wagon with a heavy backpack is not easy, and the bars are rusty and old. If there is more than one of you one person should go up and then pass the bags to them. If you are alone like I was, just watch your step and be careful.

The biggest danger is breathing in iron ore, which is unavoidable. Try to limit this as much as possible by having a good facemask and then covering up with a headscarf (these can be bought in Nouakchott, Nouadhibou and Atar). Keep the ore out of your eyes by taking a pair of good ski goggles.

Try not to move around too much once the train is moving. If you fall off and survive not being crushed under the wheels, you will be in the middle of the Sahara Desert and the entire area north of the tracks is covered in landmines. Your only hope would be to wait for the next train and flag it down the next day.

The British Foreign and Commonwealth Office advises against all travel to the entire route, however the days of kidnapping and terrorism in Mauritania seem firmly in the past thanks to the government’s clampdown and regular army roadblocks. Be sure to have plenty of photocopies of your passport to give at checkpoints.

Going to the toilet

If you need to pee during the journey (which you should as you’ll need to keep hydrated in the desert), then most people just go in a corner of the wagon. I’d advise against going over the side as the consequences of falling are not good. For anything else, you’ll have to use your imagination/ingenuity.

Riding the world’s longest train across the Sahara Desert atop a wagon filled with iron ore is not for the fainthearted. However, it’s an incredible adventure and one I’m happy to have had. If you wish to experience this, be prepared, get all the necessary gear, and know exactly what you are letting yourself in for.

About the Author: Steve Rohan is a writer from Essex, England. He has traveled to over 65 countries across Europe, Asia and Africa, mostly by land and sea. He has traveled to many dark tourism sites across the globe from Chernobyl to North Korea, Turkmenistan, Iraq and more. Steve has been interviewed multiple times by the BBC and recently featured in the documentary, Scariest Places in the World .

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The Adventures in Mauritania – Our Ultimate Iron Ore Train Experience!

Your Pinay Travel Blogger is back in the groove and is more adventurous than ever! See my latest trip where I experienced one-of-a-kind adventures in Mauritania!

Scrolling through a Facebook group that I’m in (Every Passport Stamps Group), I came across these amazing people with the same goal as me. All coming from different parts of the world, we decided to meet and share the same thing we are all passionate about – Traveling! But this is not just your typical trip as we chose this African country to try something that I myself didn’t think I could achieve. 

Everyone, cheers to my 145th country – Mauritania!

It feels amazing to be doing again what I’m passionate about. I almost quit this dream last year but hey, nothing’s gonna stop me now! I flew a Business class sponsored by Turkish Airlines (thanks Mr. Serhan). Because of this comfortable flight, I still have the crazy energy to get started on an adventure in Mauritania. 

Currently, Mauritania has a low number of COVID Cases. All you need is a 72-hour PCR Valid Test to enter. As for Filipinos, we can easily get a Visa on Arrival for 55 Euro and we’d only need the passport and itinerary in addition to the PCR Test .

Other articles you can read:

• Your Dream Africa Trip – Encounter Gorilla and Wildlife Safari in East Africa 
• How to Apply For South Africa Tourist Visa for Filipinos
• Ultimate List of Best Cheap Hotels in South Africa
• Gorilla Safaris in Africa – The Best Way To Go on Mountain Gorillas Tracking in Rwanda & Uganda
• Is Africa a Safe Destination for Female Travelers?

Table of Contents

Adventures in Mauritania: Where it all Began

The terjit oasis.

We started the tour from Nouakchott then had a 5-hour drive going to Terjit, an Oasis or a spot where you can find water located in the heart of the Mauritanian Sahara Desert .

We especially enjoyed swimming at the natural pool, which is good for me since I didn’t get the chance to take a shower for 2 days. Haha! 

At night, I was also able to sleep like a baby in a local tent in the desert, where you can really see epic views of the Mauritanian Sahara Desert. 

The first day of our trip really is something to remember as we all share our stories on the road, had a good laugh, and amazing photos together. 

A Trip to Chinguetti

As the sun slowly rises, we woke up to a beautiful morning and had a wonderful breakfast before heading to our next destination – Chinguetti. 

It was another full day of driving. We left Terjit early as we head to Chinguetti. We stopped at Atar, a town in northwestern Mauritania. This town is the gateway and capital of the Adrar region, where you can see a small airport, museum, and a historic mosque constructed in 1674!

We arrived at Chinguetti in the afternoon, and it is scorching! Glad I brought sun protection! Which is essential Haha! Chinguetti is a jewel of Berber culture and is a UNESCO-Protected Site. This ancient African town once became a stopover for trade caravans and pilgrims in the Sahara Desert. It is also an important learning center thanks to its desert libraries filled with texts dating back to the Middle Ages. Wow!

Just some interesting facts about this town. Did you know that Chinguetti is also one of the seven holy cities of Islam? It is a significant gathering point for the caravans of the faithful leaving for the pilgrimage to Mecca. Here you can see a lot of children roaming around and women selling souvenirs. 

As the dark approaches, we spent our second night in Chinguetti and stayed in one of the guesthouses called L’EDEN. This guesthouse has been open since 2005 and remains a highly recommendable guesthouse by local guides. 

Roadtrip to Ouadane

Ouadane is one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Mauritania! 

The ancient ksour (fortified village) of Ouadane has been tagged as UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996.  The first things you will notice are piles of stone and rubble! Unlike Chinguetti, there’s still a lot you can see and feel from the ruins of Ouadane.

Near Ouadane, we also visited the Eye of the Sahara, also known as The Richat Structure. This spot looks great from above.

You will think this might be due to an asteroid impact (or an alien’s hidden message) because of its shape and size. But, this is a deeply eroded geologic dome. It’s one of the world’s most unusual landscapes! This is something that you must see!

We capped off our third night by watching a local folklore dance. Plus, the locals had a surprise party for us!  

3 nights of sleeping outside even though we have private rooms, it’s so much better watching the stars and full moon, hearing the birds, and feeling the fresh breeze!

The Real Deal – Iron Ore Train Ride in Choum!

Bucketlist Check: Riding Iron Ore Train, the world’s longest freight train!

Still can’t believe I finally got the chance to do this one-of-a-kind experience in Mauritania. 

Aside from historical towns, the country is also home to the longest and heaviest train in the world. The Train du Desert in Mauritania is 2km long and consists of 200 carriages. There’s no conductor, no tickets, no CR, no rooms, no charging station, no fixed schedule – challenging to imagine, right? Well, it really is challenging! So a quick tip, this activity is best suitable for adventurous people. 

As warned by my fellow travel bloggers and friends, the ride would be super exhausting. So I really prepared myself as I can’t change my mind while being on the train; it’s not like MRT that has many stops. And even if they stop, I don’t like to be left in the middle of the Sahara desert! Do you? Haha!

Riding the Iron Ore train for 12 hours feels like I’m floating! Plus, this journey is also one of the filthiest trips I did because of the dust. That’s why we wore goggles and wrapped our faces to shield ourselves from incredible amounts of dust. 

So if you’re looking for a thrilling, exhilarating, and once-in-a-lifetime experience, you should ride the Iron Ore Train!

A quick fact again hehe. Did you know that this train moves 17,000 tonnes of iron ore which is enough to build the Eiffel tower? And not only that, aside from iron ore, it also carries other goods, goats, camels, and people. Locals use it as means of transport, while for foreign travelers, the iron ore ride is an adventure of a lifetime. 

A long sleepless night filled with songs, laughter, stories awaits you on this trip. It’s uncomfortable (no CR, no food cart, no charging area, hot, and dusty), but it is one of the most incredible things I have done so far! 

Banc D’Arguin National Park: Where the Desert meets the Ocean

After a 12-hour iron ore train ride, we headed immediately to Banc D’Arguin National Park. With a trip filled with a lot of dust, one shower isn’t enough; so we swam and let the Atlantic Ocean do its magic. Swim, relax, repeat – that was our mantra.

Besides, swimming in the Atlantic Ocean is so therapeutic that it feels like it automatically heals the stress that our bodies experienced during our Iron Ore train ride. It really is the best thing to do after an adventurous activity!

This park is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1989. It’s a great contrast between the harsh desert and abundant marine life. The Banc D’Arguin National Park is home to seals, dolphins, and whales, and one of the most important habitats for migrating birds, especially fish-eating ones! We tried to catch a fish but it so hard! Haha.

Back to the Capital, Nouakchott

On the last day of our tour, we toured around the city of Nouakchott, the capital, and got a Free PCR test. Then we had lunch at Terjit Vacances restaurant located on a lovely beach where I had fresh dorado fish for lunch. 

The group (thanks to Shaun and Dan) surprised my soul sister Zulekha Huseni for her post-birthday celebration. I missed the market and the Port de Peche as I had to catch up with some sleep and emails.

I will finish my goal of visiting every country by next year (33 or 34 years old by then) then I swear to return to Mauritania again in 2023. Definitely a must-visit country!

All of these experiences were made possible because of Time4Mauritania , our tour operator that arranged our trip! With their awesome itinerary, you will absolutely experience exciting and thrilling adventures in Mauritania!

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One thought on “ The Adventures in Mauritania – Our Ultimate Iron Ore Train Experience! ”

Your enthusiasm and sharing brought tears to my eyes. Because of my life’s situation I cannot travel and visit all these beautiful countries – but I can vicariously through you. Thank you Thank you Thank You for sharing. I just found you tonight but I cannot wait to read much more about your travels. God Bless You and Keep You Safe throughout your journeys! Kumistica.

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Written by Kach Umandap

Founder of Two Monkeys Travel Group. Since 2013, Kach has visited all the 7 continents (including Antarctica) and 151 countries using her Philippines Passport. In 2016, she bought a sailboat and went on sailing adventures with her two cats - Captain Ahab & Little Zissou in the Caribbean for 2 years. She now lives in Herceg Novi, Montenegro where she's enjoying her expat life and living on a gorgeous Stonehouse. She writes about her experiences traveling as a Filipina traveler with a PHL Passport. Also tips on backpacking trips, luxury hotel experiences, product reviews, sailing & adventure travel.

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Riding on the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania Through the Sahara Desert

When I first heard about a possible trip to Mauritania, I honestly had to look up where it was on a map. Now after spending a week there, I have had one of the craziest adventures of my entire life. Located deep in the Sahara Desert in Mauritania is one of the largest iron ore mines in the world. To get the iron ore from deep in the desert to factories and cities where it can be processed, there is one train that runs 704 kilometers from the mines of Zouerat to the Atlantic Ocean. This 2km long train is rated as one of the heaviest trains in the entire world. It crosses blazing hot terrain and desert as it carries the iron ore out of the deep Sahara, and I rode on top of it. Riding the iron ore train in Mauritania through the Sahara desert was one of the craziest adventures of my life, and I’m so excited to share it with you,

When I say that riding on the iron ore train in Mauritania was one of the craziest events of my life, I’m not kidding. This train is not a passenger train. There are no train stations, no seats, and no roof. You ride for hundreds of miles through the Sahara desert with the sun beating down on you, the taste of iron in your teeth, and sand in your face . You are not a passenger, you are a hitchhiker. My 14-hour ride on the iron ore train in Mauritania through hundreds of miles of the desert will forever shape how I define adventure. 

What It’s Like to Ride the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania

The sun beats down on the desert with no shade and no protection. During the day, the temperatures can reach over 100 degrees, and you are sitting on black rock. At night, the temperatures drop severely and it can become very cold. You are out in the open, so you are living and surviving at the hand of the desert and its climate. Once you get on the train, there is no getting off until it stops in Nouadhibou.

Despite this, riding on the train was simply exhilarating. As the train slowly arrives, your heart is racing as you hope that you will have time to jump on. Once you climb on board, you dig a spot for yourself in the grit so that hopefully you can find some comfort. When you finally stop and look up, the train is moving, the Sahara is passing you by, and you are on the adventure of a lifetime. To just be on board this massive machine is a major accomplishment, but to see parts of the desert that no one else gets to see is simply incredible.

At night you can lay and look up at the stars, during the day you can watch the passing sand dunes. As iron ore and sand smack you in the face, you get to feel what it really is like to live and breathe desert life. As you sit on the train and the hours pass by, you get to stop and appreciate how amazing this train and the desert truly are. There is nothing like it.

It is completely worth the extreme discomfort of sitting on rocks for 14 hours.

How to Get There

Getting to the spot where the iron ore train in Mauritania stops is not an easy feat. You must journey from the capital city of Nouakchott to the desert town of Choum. This drive takes you through miles of desert and includes off-road portions of driving as well. According to Google, it should take about 7 and a half hours to get there, but because it is Africa, it can often take much longer. Driving there yourself is almost impossible if you don’t know the land and the roads, so you need a driver to get there.

Once you arrive in Choum, you walk to the tracks and wait. There are two to three trains a day that come from Zouerat, but there is no true timetable. The trains leave Zouerat when they are filled with ore, not when they are scheduled to leave. They say the trains often stop in Choum around 6pm, but ours did not come till after midnight. There is also no promise that the train will even stop in Chuom either! You just have to wait and hope. There is no train station, and it is not a passenger train. They have no real reason to stop if the driver decides not to. Although some locals who work in the mines take the train back to Choum where they live which is why they often stop there.

While the actual mine is in Zouerat, it is not safe to go there to catch the train. Zouerat borders Western Sahara and is a zone where Al-Qaeda is prevalent as well as some terrorists from Mali. It is generally unsafe to go there unless you are a local. It is deep in the Sahara where no help can be found if you run into issues. Therefore Choum is the place to go to catch the train instead. 

When and IF the train finally stops, you have anywhere from 30 seconds to 10 minutes to climb on board. There is no way of knowing how long the train will be stopped. The train cars are around 10 feet high so you have to pull yourself up a small ladder and jump down into the giant pile of iron ore that awaits you. If you miss the train, it will not wait. If you fall off while it is moving, you could die. This is not a passenger train, so you have to just take whatever comes your way.

Once you are on the train, the real journey begins. Before you lies hundreds of miles of train tracks and desert sand before you make it to the city of Nouadhibou and the Atlantic Ocean. 

The History of the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania

The iron ore train was opened officially in 1963. It was designed to bring ore from the mines deep in the Sahara, all the way to the Atlantic coast where it could be processed and sold. The train itself is rated as one of the heaviest trains in the world because of its incredible length and contents. Hitchhiking on this massive train is not a new concept, locals have been doing it since the train’s beginning. The hitchhiking process started as locals needed a way to get in and out of the mines from their hometowns in the desert. However, it eventually turned into a way for the desert nomads to get food and supplies deep into the Sahara. Not only would people ride trains out of the mines, but desert dwellers would ride the train to the Atlantic to trade for items like fish to bring back to their families.

Now, however, only the miners (and crazy people like me) take the train as roads have improved and cars are more readily available. When we arrived in Nouadhibou, the locals looked at us as if we were crazy. They even told us “Not even the locals do that! Why didn’t you just take a car, you crazy people!”

One of the things that makes this adventure so unique is that people used to do this to survive. Without this train, the desert people would have struggled to sell and buy key items for their economy. You can learn more about the train from this awesome documentary made by National Geographic.

What We Didn’t Expect

To survive this train ride in the most comfortable way, you must be prepared for what is in store. The iron ore is pervasive and will get in and through everything. I wore a headscarf and mask the whole time and still tasted nothing but iron grit in my teeth. The wind in the desert is strong and the movement of the train kicks up even more dust. Even with ski goggles that were designed for snowboarding, I still found that iron would find its way into my eyes.

On our journey, we thought we would leave around 6pm and arrive around 7am. However, we ended up catching the train at 12am and riding it until almost 3pm in the day. The train made multiple stops in the middle of the night that were basically in the middle of nowhere. At times we thought that maybe the train had broken down, but then we realized they had to pull off on sidetracks to let trains coming in the other direction pass. This could take anywhere from 10 minutes to an hour, and it happened multiple times,

The whole journey was absolutely insane. But there was one thing that we never could have prepared for: IT RAINED.  

The Sahara desert gets MAYBE 3 days of rain a year, and we happened to be out in the open on the train on one of the days it decided to do so. We woke up around 5am to rain on our backs and a chilly evening. While it wasn’t a hard rain, the droplets were large and cold. We were shocked by what was happening. No one complained because it was just so incredible to witness. As much as we prepared for this insane journey, no one expected that. The rain did provide some much-needed cloud cover in the day though which helped protect us from the sun, and it didn’t last long enough to make us soaked.

When we finally arrived in Nouadhibou after riding the iron ore train through Mauritania it felt like we had conquered a mountain. Our entire group was COVERED in iron ore. Our skin was tinted orange and black from the dust. Our faces looked like we had stuck our faces in a chimney. But we were conquerors, we were adventures, and we had an amazing story to tell. 

What made this adventure so amazing was that it is something that so few people have done or will do. To be in the heart of the Sahara, with amazing people as crazy as you are, riding an iron ore train through a country that most people have never heard of, is a true adventure. 

Thanks to Johnny Ward of Onestep4ward for organizing this insane adventure, and to my husband who said “um you have fun with that, but it sounds like an awful time.”

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10 Comments

By the time I finished reading your blog “Riding the Iron Ore Train”,

my face was stinging, throat parched, eyes burning nostrils filled with the taste and smell of iron ore. ….. OH BUT FOR THE THRILL SHANNON. THANKS FOR SHARING!!!

That looks amazing, your travels if I was your age I would do. Thanks for blogging that we can see what you see.

Love love love everything about this! Riding this train has been a bucket list item for me. Your account of the adventure makes me more excited about doing this. I am also a teacher getting ready to call it quits to explore more of the world. I’m on country 71 and can’t wait to get to 192. I look forward to reading more of your adventures in the world.

It was truly an amazing experience! I highly recommend it! That’s amazing that you’ve been to so many countries as well!

I have this on my bucket-list – what a unique experience

It’s definitely worth doing!!

I am from Mauritania and I wanted to express my appreciation for your content. It brings me joy to see people sharing positive things about my country, as it is often portrayed negatively online.

Your story about riding the Mauritania iron ore train is inspiring, and I I am confident it will encourage others to visit and learn more about my country, which something we are grateful for.

I and several others rode that train (“the free train”) from the Atlantic to the interior of Mauritania at night back in the winter of 1970. No one knew what to expect, the dust wasn’t that bad because the cars were empty. However, because the cars had been built to haul tons of ore, when they were empty they shook up and down violently—maybe 6 inches rapidly—all night long. I was fortunate that I had worked for the Southern Pacific back in the states and knew that if one were to stand and bend your knees slightly the bouncing would be ameliorated. And so it was all night long. We were very happy to get to the final destination—“free train” my ass!

Do you have to fly to mauritania from morocco to get to the train? i’m assuming there is no other way to get to the start of the train from morocco?

You can’t catch it from Morocco because it never crosses into Morocco. It only goes from the mines in the Mauritanian desert to the the Mauritanian coast. I flew in to Nouakchott and had a guide take me to the train.

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• Eastern Africa
• Northern Africa
• Southern Africa
• Western Africa

The Iron Ore Train in Mauritania, Longest Train in the World

The iron ore train in Mauritania is an engineering marvel in Africa. Mauritanian Railway holds a record for hosting the world’s heaviest trains stretching through unimaginable terrain. This locomotive has rightfully been dubbed “The Snake of the Desert.”  Mauritania is fairly a desert country, two-thirds of the country being an arid area.

Table of Contents

What is the Iron Ore Train?

Mauritania’s iron ore train is the longest train in the world used to tons of iron ore in chunks or powder across the Sahara Desert . The train rightfully earns its moniker as a ‘desert snake’ because it is long enough with hundreds of wagons.  It begins its journey at Zouerat Mines, a Mauritanian town in the middle of the Sahara, and ends at Nouadhibou.  Nouadhibou is the second-biggest city in Mauritania located on the country’s northwest coast , more than 700 kilometres from Zouerat. The ore train cruises for 22 from the mines to the city.

How Long is the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania?

These trains measure up to 3km long with at least 236 wagons being pulled by diesel-powered engines and electric motors. They haul thousands of tons of iron ore for 22 hours traversing the vast and harsh Sahara Desert landscape. Along with iron, the train occasionally carries residents trying to sell their goods, generally fish caught in Zouerat.

The Iron Ore Train. Photo/CNN

A regular passenger’s carriage costs about 15 euros, but most locals just choose to hitchhike the train. Several travellers also enjoy hitchhiking rides just like the locals do. While it is treacherous, they throw all caution to the wind.

How Heavy are Iron Ore Trains?

Iron ore trains, particularly those in Mauritania, are heavyweight champions of the railway world. They haul massive amounts of ore, making them some of the longest and heaviest trains you will ever find. These Mauritanian giant locomotives carry thousands of tons of iron ore, with each train hauling a weight of several thousand tons.

While the exact weight changes depending on the train’s length and number of wagons, they fall in the range of a few thousand tons. The movement of iron ore from mines to ports for export depends on these amazing technical achievements. They support international industries, but they don’t have an easy ride.

Does Iron Ore Train in Mauritania Ferry Passengers?

The iron ore train of Mauritania go across the arid Sahara Desert, adding more grandeur to their enormous loads. However, they are not designed to carry passengers but they ferry a few passengers from time to time. These trains are built for hauling massive amounts of iron ore, not for passenger comfort or safety. There are no passenger seats, restrooms, or amenities.

Iron ore train in Mauritania. Photo/Dispatches from Periphery

Locals sometimes climb on top of the ore cars for a free, albeit adventurous, way to travel. Although taking this ride on purpose can be a cool experience, it’s important to remember that it is not enjoyable. Some tourists board the train headed towards Nouadhibou to ensure the wagons are full so they can stand on the iron and “enjoy” the journey rather than being stuck down the empty wagons.

This famous Mauritanian train has a single passenger carriage attached offering a more comfortable ride with seats. However, the carriage has limited space and cannot carry as many passengers as people would want although tickets for this carriage are very cheap.

How Fast do Iron Ore Trains go?

The iron ore trains in Mauritania prioritize hauling massive cargo over speed. They use moderate speeds due to their immense weight and length. These trains travel at relatively moderate speeds compared to passenger trains around 60 kilometres per hour (37 mph). This speed guarantees safety by maintaining the stability of the train when loaded.

Further, it travels at around 70 kilometres per hour (44 mph) when empty since it is empty and more stable at this speed. High speeds are a rail hazard, especially in a region where the railway line passes through a desert.

The iron ore train isn’t comfortable for passengers. As a matter of fact, you have to put up with hazardous dust from the mined iron ore. For those who have travelled on this cargo train, they have a tall tale of how they relieved their bowels throughout the 22-hour journey. On the positive side of it, this train plays a huge role in sustaining the economy of Mauritania.

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Teresa Mwangi

Teresa is a journalist with years of experience in creating web content. She is a wanderlust at heart, loves travelling and telling stories about tour and travel in Africa by every angle.

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• Travel Guide

How To Ride The Iron Ore Train In Mauritania

Published: September 16, 2023

Modified: December 27, 2023

by Anselma Fraley

• Plan Your Trip
• Travel Tips

Introduction

The Iron Ore Train in Mauritania presents a unique and thrilling adventure for travelers seeking an out-of-the-ordinary experience. Known as the “Backbone of the Sahara,” this legendary train journey takes you through the vast desert landscapes of West Africa, transporting iron ore across the country. Riding the Iron Ore Train offers a glimpse into the daily lives of locals, breathtaking views of the desert, and a taste of the rugged and untamed beauty of Mauritania.

Imagine yourself aboard a long train composed of open iron ore cars, with dust swirling around you as the hot desert wind blows. The rhythmic clanking of the train, the panoramic views of sand dunes stretching as far as the eye can see, and the camaraderie of fellow adventurers make the Iron Ore Train a truly unforgettable experience.

This article will guide you through the ins and outs of riding the Iron Ore Train, from choosing the right time to ride and planning your trip, to booking tickets and preparing for the journey. You’ll learn what it’s like to ride the train, capture the experience through photography, and arrive at your destination of Choum or Nouadhibou, where you can further explore the wonders of Mauritania.

So, if you’re ready to embark on a thrilling escapade through the Sahara Desert, hop aboard the Iron Ore Train and let’s discover the magic and adventure that awaits!

Overview of the Iron Ore Train

The Iron Ore Train is a vital lifeline for Mauritania’s economy, as it transports iron ore from the interior of the country to the coastal town of Nouadhibou for export. Spanning an impressive length of around 700 kilometers (435 miles), this train journey is considered one of the longest and toughest in the world.

Composed of a series of open iron ore cars hauled by powerful locomotives, the train can stretch up to two kilometers (1.2 miles) in length and carries an astonishing amount of cargo, sometimes reaching up to 20,000 tons of iron ore. The train operates daily, departing from the Zouérat mining town in the Mauritanian desert to Nouadhibou.

The landscapes you’ll encounter on this journey are awe-inspiring. The train traverses vast stretches of arid desert, passing by towering sand dunes, rocky plateaus, and nomadic encampments. The contrast of the red sand against the blue skies creates a stunning visual spectacle.

The train’s passengers largely consist of locals who use it as a means of transportation between towns and villages along the route. It’s not uncommon to see families, traders, and livestock sharing the same space as the iron ore. This communal atmosphere adds a unique and authentic touch to the journey, allowing travelers to immerse themselves in the local culture and connect with fellow adventurers.

While the journey can be challenging due to the extreme temperatures and rough terrain, it is this very element of adventure that attracts thrill-seekers from around the world. Riding the Iron Ore Train is not just about getting from point A to point B; it’s about embracing the spirit of exploration and embracing the untamed beauty of the desert.

Whether you’re a seasoned traveler seeking an off-the-beaten-path experience or a passionate photographer looking to capture breathtaking shots, the Iron Ore Train promises an unforgettable adventure that will leave a lasting imprint on your memory.

Choosing the Right Time to Ride

When it comes to riding the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania, timing is crucial to ensure a successful and enjoyable journey. Here are a few factors to consider when choosing the right time to hop aboard:

• Weather: The desert climate in Mauritania can be extremely hot during the day and chilly at night. It’s advisable to avoid the scorching summer months when temperatures soar to uncomfortable levels. Instead, opt for the cooler months between November and March when the weather is more pleasant.
• Day or Night: The Iron Ore Train operates both during the day and at night. Riding during the day allows you to witness the stunning desert landscapes in all their glory, with the sunlight casting beautiful shadows on the dunes. On the other hand, night rides offer a different perspective, allowing you to gaze at the starry sky and experience the mysterious ambiance of the desert after dark.
• Weekdays or Weekends: The train tends to be busier on weekends when locals use it for commuting and transporting goods. If you prefer a more serene and less crowded journey, consider riding during weekdays. However, keep in mind that weekdays may have fewer departures compared to weekends.
• Festivals and Holidays: Mauritania celebrates various cultural and religious festivals throughout the year. If you’re interested in experiencing these festivities or capturing vibrant cultural events, try to time your trip accordingly. The train might be busier during these periods, but the cultural immersion is well worth it.
• Sunset or Sunrise: For photography enthusiasts, capturing the golden hues of the desert skies during sunrise or sunset is a must. Plan your ride to coincide with these magical moments, and you’ll be rewarded with breathtaking photos and memories that last a lifetime.

It’s important to note that the schedule of the Iron Ore Train is subject to change, and there may be delays or cancellations due to various factors. It’s always a good idea to check with local authorities or consult with reputable travel agencies for updated information on train departures and any specific considerations you should be aware of.

By considering these factors and doing some research, you can choose the right time to ride the Iron Ore Train and make the most of your adventure through the scenic landscapes of Mauritania.

Planning Your Trip

Planning your trip to ride the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania requires careful consideration to ensure a smooth and enjoyable experience. Here are some important factors to keep in mind when organizing your adventure:

• Visa and Entry Requirements: Before traveling to Mauritania, check the visa requirements for your country of residence. Ensure you have a valid visa and passport with at least six months of validity remaining. It’s advisable to contact the Mauritanian embassy or consulate to obtain the most up-to-date information.
• Duration of Stay: Decide how long you want to spend in Mauritania to fully enjoy your Iron Ore Train ride and explore other attractions in the country. Consider adding a few extra days to your itinerary to allow for any unforeseen delays or to indulge in local culture and traditions.
• Accommodation: Research accommodation options in Nouadhibou or Choum, the starting and ending points of the train journey. There are a range of hotels, guesthouses, and camping options available, catering to different budgets and preferences. Booking in advance is recommended, especially during peak travel seasons.
• Health and Safety: Ensure you are up to date with your routine vaccinations and consider obtaining vaccinations for diseases prevalent in Mauritania, such as malaria. It’s also advisable to bring a basic first aid kit, insect repellent, and sun protection as the desert climate can be harsh. Respect local customs and dress modestly, particularly when visiting conservative areas.
• Travel Insurance: Purchase comprehensive travel insurance that covers medical emergencies, trip cancellations, and lost or stolen belongings. Check the policy details to ensure it offers adequate coverage for your specific needs
• Local Customs and Etiquette: Familiarize yourself with the local customs and cultural practices of Mauritania. Greeting people with a simple “Salam aleikum” (peace be upon you) and respecting local traditions will go a long way in fostering positive interactions with the Mauritanian people.
• Language: While Arabic is the official language of Mauritania, some locals may also speak French or Hassaniya Arabic dialect. Learning a few basic Arabic phrases can help you better communicate and connect with the locals.
• Transportation: Plan your transportation to and from Nouadhibou or Choum, where the train journey starts and ends. Options include domestic flights, car rentals, or hiring a private driver for a more convenient and comfortable journey.

By carefully planning your trip to ride the Iron Ore Train, you can make the most of your adventure and ensure a hassle-free experience. Stay organized, do your research, and embrace the spirit of adventure as you embark on this extraordinary journey through the heart of Mauritania’s desert landscapes.

Booking Tickets

When it comes to booking tickets for the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania, there are a few options available to travelers. Here’s what you need to know to secure your spot on this unique journey:

• Independent Booking: If you prefer a DIY approach, you can try booking your train tickets independently. Visit the SNIM (Société Nationale Industrielle et Minière) office in Nouadhibou or Zouérat to purchase your ticket directly. Keep in mind that availability may be limited, and it’s recommended to book well in advance, especially during peak travel seasons.
• Through a Travel Agency: Another option is to book your Iron Ore Train tickets through a reputable travel agency or tour operator. They can handle the logistics for you, including securing the tickets, arranging transportation, and providing additional support and guidance throughout your trip.
• Consider a Guided Tour: If you prefer a hassle-free experience and want to explore more of Mauritania, consider booking a guided tour that includes the Iron Ore Train ride. Many tour operators offer packages that combine the train journey with visits to other attractions in the country, such as the Banc d’Arguin National Park or the ancient city of Chinguetti.
• Flexible Travel Dates: Keep in mind that the schedule of the Iron Ore Train may change due to various factors such as weather or maintenance. Be prepared for possible delays or cancellations, especially during adverse conditions. Having some flexibility in your travel dates can help accommodate any unexpected changes to the train’s schedule.
• Double-Check Reservation Details: Whether you book independently or through a travel agency, make sure to double-check your reservation details, including the date, time, and departure location. Confirm any specific instructions or requirements such as where to pick up your tickets or any necessary identification or documentation.

It’s important to note that the Iron Ore Train is primarily a cargo train, and passenger accommodations are limited. It’s a good idea to manage your expectations as the train ride may not provide the same level of comfort as traditional passenger trains. However, the raw and authentic experience of riding the Iron Ore Train more than makes up for any lack of luxury.

By planning ahead and securing your tickets in advance, you can ensure that you don’t miss out on this extraordinary journey through the dramatic landscapes of Mauritania.

Preparing for the Journey

Preparing for the Iron Ore Train journey in Mauritania requires careful consideration to ensure that you have a comfortable and enjoyable experience. Here are some essential tips to help you get ready for this unique adventure:

• Pack Essentials: As you’ll be traveling through the desert, it’s crucial to pack the right essentials. Consider bringing lightweight and breathable clothing to combat the heat, including long-sleeved shirts and pants to protect yourself from the sun and sand. Don’t forget to pack a hat, sunglasses, sunscreen, and a water bottle to stay hydrated.
• Comfortable Shoes: Opt for comfortable and sturdy footwear, as you may need to navigate uneven terrain when boarding and disembarking the train. Closed-toe shoes or hiking boots are the recommended options to protect your feet.
• Snacks and Water: While the train journey does pass through some small villages where you may have the opportunity to purchase food and water, it’s advisable to bring your own snacks and enough water to last the duration of the ride. Pack non-perishable snacks that won’t melt or spoil in the desert heat.
• Camera and Equipment: If you enjoy photography, make sure to pack your camera and any necessary equipment, such as spare batteries and memory cards. The desert landscapes and unique train experience provide ample opportunities for stunning photos.
• Pack Light: Keep in mind that space on the train may be limited. Pack only the essentials and avoid bringing oversized luggage or heavy backpacks. A small daypack or bag will be sufficient to carry your belongings.
• Currency: Ensure you have enough local currency or small denominations for any purchases you may need to make during the journey. It’s advisable to bring a mix of cash and smaller bills, as larger bills may be difficult to exchange in remote areas.
• Entertainment: Prepare some form of entertainment, such as books, music, or downloaded movies, as the journey can be long. You may also want to have a power bank or external charger to keep your electronic devices charged.
• Expect Basic Facilities: It’s important to note that the train does not have luxurious amenities. Toilet facilities and seating arrangements may be basic, and there may not be access to running water or electricity. Prepare accordingly and bring necessary toiletries and hand sanitizers.
• Be Flexible and Patient: The Iron Ore Train operates on its schedule, and delays are possible. It’s essential to have a flexible mindset and be patient during the journey. Embrace the slower pace and unpredictable nature of the desert adventure.

By being well-prepared and taking these tips into consideration, you can ensure a comfortable and enjoyable journey on the Iron Ore Train through the captivating landscapes of Mauritania.

Boarding the Iron Ore Train

Boarding the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania is an exciting and unique experience. Here are some important things to keep in mind when getting ready to hop aboard:

• Arrive Early: It’s recommended to arrive at the train station at least an hour before the scheduled departure time. This allows you to secure a good spot on the train and gives you time to familiarize yourself with the surroundings.
• Observe and Follow Instructions: Pay attention to the instructions given by train officials and follow any safety protocols they provide. Boarding and disembarking the train can be challenging due to the height of the iron ore cars, so it’s important to be cautious and follow proper procedures.
• Choose a Strategic Spot: When boarding the train, choose a spot that suits your preferences. Some may prefer to sit in the open-air cars for a better view, while others may opt for covered cars to shield themselves from the sun or wind. Find a comfortable spot that allows you to enjoy the ride.
• Secure Belongings: As the train can gain momentum, it’s essential to secure your belongings to prevent them from falling off the train. Bring a small lock to secure your bags and ensure that personal items are safely stored or strapped down.
• Interact with the Locals: One of the highlights of riding the Iron Ore Train is the opportunity to interact with the local Mauritanian people. Engage in conversations, share experiences, and embrace the camaraderie that develops throughout the journey.
• Enjoy the Landscape: As the train traverses the picturesque desert landscapes, take the time to appreciate the stunning scenery. Marvel at the vast sand dunes, rocky outcrops, and endless horizons. Capture photos, soak in the atmosphere, and savor the unique experience.
• Respect Local Customs: Be mindful of the local customs and cultural traditions during your journey. Dress modestly, ask for permission before taking someone’s photo, and be respectful of the local way of life. Embrace the opportunity to learn and immerse yourself in the Mauritanian culture.
• Stay Hydrated and Protected: The desert heat can be intense, so it’s important to stay hydrated throughout the journey. Drink plenty of water and use sunscreen to protect yourself from the sun’s rays. Consider wearing a hat and lightweight, breathable clothing to stay comfortable.
• Enjoy the Journey: The Iron Ore Train ride is not just a means of transportation; it’s an adventure in itself. Embrace the slower pace, disconnect from the distractions of daily life, and allow yourself to fully enjoy the experience. Take in the sights, sounds, and sensations of this unique journey through the Mauritanian desert.

Boarding the Iron Ore Train is the first step towards an unforgettable adventure. By following these tips and guidelines, you’ll be ready to embark on this extraordinary journey through the heart of Mauritania.

Riding the Train

Riding the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania is an immersive experience that takes you through the stunning desert landscapes of the country. Here are some key points to keep in mind as you embark on this exhilarating journey:

• Feel the Rhythm: As the train sets off, you’ll immediately feel the rhythmic vibrations and hear the clanking of the iron ore cars. Let yourself be swept away by the unique ambiance created by the sounds and movements of the train.
• Embrace the Unique Atmosphere: On the Iron Ore Train, you’ll find a diverse mix of passengers, including locals and adventurous travelers. Embrace the communal atmosphere and strike up conversations with your fellow passengers. Share stories, learn about their lives, and make new connections.
• Enjoy Breathtaking Landscapes: The train journey takes you through a variety of landscapes, including vast sand dunes, rocky plateaus, and remote desert villages. Keep your camera ready to capture the awe-inspiring views as they unfold before your eyes.
• Marvel at the Sunset or Sunrise: If you’re fortunate enough to ride during sunset or sunrise, prepare to be dazzled by the dramatic beauty of the desert sky. Watch as the colors change, casting a golden glow over the landscape, and create memories that will last a lifetime.
• Break for Nomadic Encampments: Along the route, the train may pause near nomadic encampments, providing a fascinating glimpse into the traditional way of life in the desert. Take the opportunity to see how people live and interact with their environment, and engage with the locals if appropriate.
• Enjoy Time for Reflection: The slow and steady pace of the Iron Ore Train allows for moments of solitude and reflection. Take advantage of this serene atmosphere to appreciate the vastness of the desert, contemplate life, and absorb the peacefulness of the surroundings.
• Stay Hydrated and Energetic: During the journey, make sure to drink plenty of water to stay hydrated, especially in the desert heat. Pack some snacks or a picnic to keep your energy levels up, enjoying a simple meal while admiring the panoramic views.
• Interact with the Train Crew: The train crew plays a vital role in ensuring a smooth and safe journey. Engage with them, learn about their experiences, and gain insights into the challenges they face traversing the demanding landscape.
• Indulge in Local Cuisine: If you have the opportunity to purchase food from local vendors during stops along the route, don’t hesitate to try some traditional Mauritanian dishes. Savor the flavors and experience the culinary delights of the region.
• Immerse Yourself in the Moment: Finally, remember to fully immerse yourself in the experience. Put away your electronic devices and take in the sights, sounds, and sensations of the journey. This is a rare opportunity to disconnect from the world and appreciate the raw and unfiltered beauty of the desert.

As you ride the Iron Ore Train, let the sights, sounds, and unique atmosphere envelop you, creating memories that will stay with you long after the journey comes to an end.

Capturing the Experience

Riding the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania provides incredible opportunities to capture the essence of this unique adventure. Here are some tips to help you capture the experience through photography:

• Plan Your Shots: Before the journey, research the route and identify potential points of interest along the way that you would like to photograph. This could be scenic landscapes, interesting compositions, or interactions between passengers.
• Utilize Different Angles: Experiment with different angles and perspectives to add visual interest to your photos. Consider shooting from a low angle to highlight the vastness of the desert or capturing overhead shots to showcase the length of the train.
• Embrace Natural Light: The desert offers abundant natural light, which can create stunning effects in your photos. Pay attention to the direction and quality of light, and use it to your advantage to enhance textures, shadows, and colors in your images.
• Showcase Human Connections: The Iron Ore Train is not just a train; it’s a community on wheels. Capture candid moments of passengers interacting with each other, sharing stories, or simply taking in the beauty of the surroundings. These images can convey the shared experience and camaraderie onboard.
• Capture the Train in Motion: The movement of the train is a defining characteristic of this journey. Experiment with long exposure shots to capture the blur and sense of motion as the train passes through the desert. This technique can create dynamic and captivating images.
• Photograph Cultural Encounters: When the train pauses near nomadic encampments or small villages, take the opportunity to capture portraits of the locals. Ask for permission before taking their photos and respect their privacy and cultural sensitivities.
• Document the Details: Don’t forget to capture the small details that make this experience unique. Focus on the textures of the iron ore cars, the dust swirling in the wind, or the weathered faces of the train crew. These details can help tell a richer and more meaningful story.
• Be Respectful: While photographing, be mindful of the environment and the people around you. Respect the privacy of fellow passengers and ask for permission before taking close-up portraits. The goal is to capture authentic moments while ensuring that everyone feels comfortable and respected.
• Enjoy the Moment: It’s important to strike a balance between capturing moments and fully experiencing the journey. Remember to put your camera aside at times, soak in the beauty of the landscape, and be present in the moment. Some memories are best captured in your heart, not through the lens.
• Share Your Experience: Once your journey on the Iron Ore Train is over, share your photos and experience with others. Whether it’s through social media, a blog, or a photo album, sharing your images and stories can inspire others to embark on their own adventures.

By using your camera as a tool to capture the Iron Ore Train experience, you can preserve the memories and share the magic of this unique journey with others.

Arriving at Choum or Nouadhibou

As your Iron Ore Train journey comes to an end, you’ll disembark at either Choum or Nouadhibou, depending on the direction you traveled. Here’s what you can expect upon arriving at these destinations:

Choum is a small town located in the heart of the Mauritanian desert. Known for its proximity to the Zouérat iron mines, Choum is a common stopping point for the Iron Ore Train. Upon arrival, you can witness the bustling activity as cargo is unloaded from the train’s iron ore cars.

Choum offers a glimpse into the traditional way of life in Mauritania’s remote desert regions. Take the opportunity to explore the town and its surroundings, interact with the friendly locals, and learn about their daily routines and cultural traditions. You may encounter nomadic communities, experience traditional music and dance, or feast on local delicacies.

Nouadhibou, on the other hand, is a coastal city that serves as one of Mauritania’s major economic hubs. As the final destination of the Iron Ore Train, it offers a stark contrast to the desert landscapes you experienced during the journey.

In Nouadhibou, you can indulge in fresh seafood delicacies, visit the colorful fish market, and relax on the beautiful beaches that stretch along the Atlantic coast. Take time to explore the city’s vibrant markets, where you can find a variety of local crafts, colorful fabrics, and traditional souvenirs.

If you have some extra time, consider venturing further afield to explore the Banc d’Arguin National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its rich biodiversity. You can also visit the historical Spanish colonial town of Port Etienne, which reflects the region’s unique history.

Both Choum and Nouadhibou offer a different perspective on Mauritanian life, culture, and landscapes. Take the opportunity to immerse yourself in the local atmosphere, interact with the welcoming people, and further appreciate the beauty and diversity of Mauritania.

Whether you choose to explore the desert town of Choum or the coastal city of Nouadhibou, both destinations provide fascinating insights and experiences that complement your remarkable Iron Ore Train journey.

Tips and Recommendations

Riding the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania is a unique adventure that requires some preparation. Here are some valuable tips and recommendations to make the most of your journey:

• Bring Sufficient Supplies: Pack enough food, water, and snacks for the duration of the train ride. While there may be opportunities to purchase items along the way, it’s best to come prepared to ensure you have what you need.
• Stay Hydrated: The desert heat can be intense, so make sure to drink plenty of water throughout the journey. It’s advisable to bring a reusable water bottle that you can refill along the way.
• Dress Appropriately: Wear loose, breathable clothing to stay comfortable in the desert heat. Protect yourself from the sun by wearing a hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen. It’s also a good idea to bring a light jacket or shawl for cooler evening temperatures.
• Travel Light: As space on the train is limited, pack only the essentials. Opt for a small daypack or bag instead of large luggage to ensure easy movement and storage on the train.
• Respect Local Customs: Remember to dress modestly and respect local customs and traditions. Mauritanian society is conservative, so it’s best to err on the side of caution and dress respectfully.
• Carry Cash: While some vendors may accept credit cards, it’s advisable to carry enough cash in small denominations for any purchases along the way. ATM or banking facilities may be limited in the remote areas you’ll be passing through.
• Be Prepared for Rust and Dust: The iron ore on the train can generate rust and dust, so consider bringing a dust mask or bandana to cover your face if needed. Protect your electronic devices and cameras from dust by keeping them in a protective case or bag.
• Engage with the Locals: Interact with fellow passengers and locals you encounter along the way. Mauritanians are known for their hospitality, and engaging in conversations will enrich your experience and provide cultural insights.
• Stay Flexible: Due to various factors such as weather conditions and maintenance, the train schedule may change or experience delays. Stay flexible and patient, and be prepared for unexpected changes or extended travel times.
• Take Precautions for Photographs: While capturing memorable moments is encouraged, always ask for permission before taking photos of individuals or sensitive locations. Respect people’s privacy and be mindful of cultural sensitivities.
• Embrace the Adventure: The Iron Ore Train journey is a once-in-a-lifetime adventure. Embrace the unique experience, disconnect from the outside world, and take in the untamed beauty of the Mauritanian desert.

By following these tips and recommendations, you’ll be well-prepared to embark on an unforgettable journey on the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania. Embrace the adventure, be open to new experiences, and create memories that will last a lifetime.

Riding the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania is a truly extraordinary adventure that takes you through the heart of the Sahara Desert. This legendary train journey offers a unique opportunity to immerse yourself in the rugged beauty of the Mauritanian landscapes, engage with local communities, and create memories that will last a lifetime.

From the moment you step aboard the Iron Ore Train, you’ll be captivated by the rhythmic clanking of the iron ore cars, the sweeping panoramas of sand dunes stretching as far as the eye can see, and the camaraderie of fellow adventurers. The journey itself is an experience like no other, allowing you to witness the vastness of the desert and connect with the cultural richness of Mauritania.

To make the most of your Iron Ore Train ride, it’s important to plan ahead, choose the right time to travel, and prepare accordingly. Consider the weather, the availability of tickets, and other logistical aspects to ensure a smooth and enjoyable journey.

Throughout your adventure, remember to respect the local customs and traditions, engage with the local communities, and take the time to capture the beauty of the landscapes through photography. But more importantly, also take the time to simply be present in the moment, allowing yourself to fully embrace the magic and experience of the journey.

As you arrive at either Choum or Nouadhibou, let your exploration continue beyond the train ride. Take the opportunity to discover the unique charm and cultural treasures of these destinations, and indulge in the flavors of Mauritanian cuisine.

Whether you’re a seasoned traveler seeking an off-the-beaten-path adventure or a photography enthusiast looking for extraordinary shots, the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania offers an experience unlike any other. So, be ready to embark on this incredible journey, embrace the unknown, and let the untamed beauty of the Mauritanian desert leave an indelible mark on your soul.

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Travel to Mauritania

How to ride the mauritanian iron ore train in 2023.

Are you an adventure traveler looking for a unique way to explore the world ? The Mauritanian Iron Ore Train could be the perfect travel experience for you. The Maur itan ian Iron Ore Train is one of the world ’ s most iconic railway journeys, recently growing in popularity after going viral on TikTok, Instagram and other social media platforms. 

Common folklore amongst adventure travelers, this spectacular 700km  journey through the Sahara Desert riding on iron ore coals is on many bucket lists! 

Learn more about how to ride the Mauritanian Iron Ore Train!  

History of the Mauritanian Iron Ore Train

The iron ore train of Mauritania is one the most iconic trains in the world. The train was first built in the 1960s, when the Mauritanian government was looking for a way to transport iron ore from the country’s iron ore mines to the port of Nouadhibou. The train quickly became a symbol of the country’s economic development, and it has been running ever since generating high value exports for the nation today.

The train is operated by the Société Nationale Industrielle et Minière (SNIM), which is a state-owned company in Mauritania. The train runs across the desert for over 700 km, from the iron ore mines in Zouerat to the port of Nouadhibou. The trip usually takes around 22 hours, and the train has been known to reach speeds of up to 50-70 km/h. As the train speeds across the desert, passengers get a chance to witness some of the most stunning views of the region.

The iron ore train is an important part of the Mauritanian economy. It transports around 6 million tons of iron ore each year, which is a major source of revenue for the country. The train has become an integral part of the Mauritanian culture, and it is a symbol of the country’s progress.

The iron ore train is an iconic and remarkable part of Mauritania’s history. It has been running for more than 50 years, and it is a testament to the country’s perseverance and development. Although the train travels across some of the harshest landscapes in the world, it remains an important part of the Mauritanian economy and culture (its even pictured on the country’s currency!). 

Journey of the Mauritanian Iron Ore Train

The train journey cuts across the Sahara desert some 700km from the northern regions of Mauritania to the coastal city of Nouadhibou , where the port accepts its iron ore cargo for onward export abroad. 

The train originates in the mines around Fderik and Zouerat in the northern Tris Zemmour region of Mauritania. Here it departs approximately 2-3 times per day, and temporarily stops at the mine depots for loading. This is where we recommend you to hop aboard, as you can enjoy the journey on the iron ore rather than in empty cards on the way back from Nouadhibou. It makes a big difference! 

The train also passes through Choum, near the Western Sahara corner. Due to previous rebel attacks in the historical conflicts of the area, a new track was built which actually cuts through the Western Sahara momentarily. For the avoidance of doubt, the area is very safe now and is an enjoyable amble through the desert. 

The Best Route

Travelers are able to hop aboard at Choum, which cuts the journey time to around 14-17 hours in total. However, for the benefit of the shorter journey time you would have the sacrifice the beautiful experience of winding through the Ardar region mountains on the train from Zoureat to Choum, which is very memorable. The journey from Choum to Nouadhibou is much flatter across the barren Sahara desert. For the bucket list experience we recommend you hop aboard at Zoureat, travelling North to South, and enjoy the bucket list experience of a lifetime! 

Top Tips For Riding the Mauritanian Iron Ore Train 

• Timings: the train runs ~3 times per day, but the timings vary widely at each station and therefore you could find yourself waiting for hours in order to hop onboard (you can avoid this by working with our team’s guidance ). 
• Safety: taking the train is *safe* provided you follow the appropriate precautions. Do not hang around when the train pulls up at the station, climb aboard quickly and settle yourself on the iron ore for the journey. The train will intermittently stop during its arduous journey across the desert; do not get off the train or you risk being left behind in the Sahara! 
• Water: the heat, cold, winds and dusty iron ore air mean you are likely to become thirsty during the journey, more than usual. Buy at least 1-2 boxes of water per person (5L+) for the journey.
• Dust: the speed of the train combined with iron ore and Sahara sand generates a lot of dust! We advise you to ensure a turban covers your head at all times, and you have protective glasses for the journey (ski goggle are the best!) so you can look out onto the desert dunes without problems! Long trouser and long-sleeve clothing is recommended for the journey. 
•  Hot/Cold: depending on time of year, temperatures can vary widely! We recommend travelers to bring long sleeve clothing to guard from the dust and provide a base layer for cooler weather.  
• Comfort: bring a roll mat, use a cushion purchased locally and/or blanket to provide some comfort for sitting on the coals for 17-20 hours. 
• Seat position: Ok, there are no seats… however, we advise travelers to position themselves against a wall of the metal cart, leaning against it, particularly for the moments the train takes off and restarts its engines. The jerking movements can be significant and create a risk you will fall if stood up on the mound of iron ore coal. In adverse weather conditions, such as heavy crosswinds through the mountains until the Western Sahara corner, we advise you to remain seated. 

Ride The Iron Ore Train with Us  

Need help? Get in touch!

We’re experts in travel to Mauritania, and have taken the Iron Ore Train ourselves! With our bespoke support and advice we can help you achieve the adventure of a lifetime, through remote-guidance s for taking the train or in-person assistance (and a fun travel companion!) along with you for the 17-20 hour grueling journey. We can also provide you an equipment list, logistical support and advice for the journey.

We organise group tours, excursions and private visits to the Iron Ore site, making your trip efficient and as memorable as possible! 

Our team is comprised of veteran Mauritania adventure travelers from the UK and local Mauritanians. Get in touch to talk to us about travel to Mauritania or bespoke adventure tours. 

Disclaimer: you take on the Mauritanian Iron Ore train at your own risk only 

Join our Mauritania Adventure Tours

Are  you  looking  for  a  unique  adventure  that  will   take  you  off  the  beaten  path , would you like the ride the mauritania iron ore train 700km through the sahara desert , would you like to experience a true sahara desert adventure in a remote lesser travelled nation.

Our tours are led by local multi-lingual Mauritanian guides, arranged by Western staff, budget friendly, affordable for every backpacker and will provide you an amazing trip.

As seen on Instagram, TikTok, Facebook and other social media platforms – Mauritania is an untouched rugged landscape waiting to be explored, a bucket list travel adventure of a lifetime. 

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Ride The Iron Ore Train In Mauritania

What can beat riding on the top of the train in the middle of desert dunes in the hot sun and cold stary night?

Mauritania Railway is one of a kind bucket list experience. You can ride the iron ore train during a trip to West Africa with my friend Bostjan, our goal was to travel from Morocco to Senegal and back.

The plan changed and we ended up in Mali instead of Senegal. On our return to Mauritania, Bostjan suggested this special experience, to ride the famous Iron Ore Train. He had read about this amazing experience, so he set about the preparations for our journey.

This post may contain affiliate links. To find out what this means and more information visit my disclosure page .

Ride the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania

This railway was built back in 1963 to connect the port to the iron mines which were 700 kilometres east into the desert. In the second half of the ’70s, it was closed due to a dispute with Western Sahara and then reopened in the ’80s.

Trains on this track are among the longest and heaviest in the world with 200 cars, a single train can be up to 3 kilometres in length, weighing 16.000 tons with its cargo that is pulled by 4 diesel locomotives.

When we were back in the capital of Mauritania, Nouakchott our journey began. The first leg was a road to Atair in a shared taxi. We arrived late, so had to sleep over in a hostel owned by a Dutch couple. The next day we were walking around town, ate lunch, bought some supplies for the day, and were ready to move on. Now it was time for a ride by 4×4 to Choum.

Our vehicle broke on our way. They managed to fix it, but it broke again. After the second time it broke, another vehicle took us to our destination where we waited a few hours in the shade. By the time the train arrived, it was already dark and we could enjoy the sky with millions of stars. 

The heavily laden train took a few minutes to stop completely. We mimicked other passengers and started to run towards the train and chose a cart that was not occupied yet and climbed onto the top. A few minutes later the train was back in motion with lots of noise.

The Night on the Mauritania train ride

It was time to dig in. Nights in the desert are cold, so we put on the warmest clothes we had, spread the bivouac sack, tried to get in the best position, and lay down. We needed some time to settle in before we were not sliding around anymore, all while experiencing the excitement that we were actually making this iconic train journey.

After checking our surroundings, the other passengers on carts, and watching the stars we calmed down and fell asleep. We were already 10 days into our intense travel itinerary, so we needed the rest.

The next day we woke up before sunrise and sat, smoking a cigarette while waiting for the sun to rise above carts. That was probably a highlight of this ride, to see the sun climb up over the horizon as we could feel the rays of light getting warmer and warmer.

The train came to a stop even though we hadn’t arrived at port yet. We looked around and after a few minutes, saw passengers from other carts jumping off the train. In a panic, we quickly packed our stuff and followed them. We ran in the sand toward another train and climbed into a cart with goods, people, and chickens that took us to Nouadhibou.

We arrived safely after 15 hours, but tired, dirty, hungry, and thirsty. We took some time to recuperate before moving back north towards Morocco. In my tired state, it didn’t strike me how much I had enjoyed the adventure. It wasn’t until I returned back home that I had time to reflect that I realised it would be difficult to match the experience of riding on the Ore Train.

Tips for riding the Ore Train in Mauritania

Arriving at one of the stations where you can board this train can be a bit tricky. There are organized tours available for this experience, but they often have inflated prices, sometimes as much as 1500 € for things that will cost you 10 times less.

If you want the security of an organised tour, then you could opt for this, however, part of the adventure, experience and achievement is through organising it yourself.

The best way to do this is to check travel forums for information. You should be able to find some locals who would gladly help you for a fraction of the cost that the big tour agencies charge. You can board The Ore Train at various mines in the desert, either after one-third of the track in Choum or at the opposite end, at the coast in Nouadhibou.

Although starting in Nouadhibou may seem the obvious access point from Western Sahara, however, I would not recommend it because you will be inside an empty cart, you will be less comfortable and you will see nothing. Starting from the mine would mean extra effort and no gain, so the logical choice is to get on at Choum, on the way to the sea.

On a safety note, be careful on the train because people have fallen and died on these rides. Climb up or down only when the train is at a full stop and don’t lean over the sides of the cart.

Top Tip: If you’re travelling about the Sahara region in northern Africa, then I highly recommend spending a few days at a Sahara Desert camp to supercharge your travel experience.

Things to Pack for riding the iron ore train Mauritania

There are a few things you shouldn’t forget to pack when you ride The Ore Train, most importantly is a Bivouac sack that will protect you from dust and ore in the desert. Take clothes that will keep you warm in the cold desert night. I suggest a combination of an anorak and fleece, which are lightweight and protect you from wind and cold. You might also want a hat if you feel the cold easily.

It’s also really important to take a sufficient amount of water, enough for the whole journey. Other handy items are headlamps and goggles.

So the Mauritania iron ore train is dangerous, dusty, a bit uncomfortable, noisy, and either partly freezing or partly hellish hot. Why should anyone want to experience this? A short answer would be because is EPIC, it can’t be done anywhere else in the world and you will remember it for the rest of your life. It’s certainly worth adding to your bucket list experiences.

About The Author

Džangir is a travel writer based in Ljubljana, Slovenia who has travelled the world extensively, with over 70 countries visited. He’s the owner of  Dr Jam Travels .

‘ I try to experience different things. Most of the time it is fast low budget backpacking, but from time to time I go for luxury.’

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Hey, I'm Becki......and I'm a self-confessed travel addict and experience connoisseur!

In other words, I’m a bucket-list traveller, on a mission to experience the best things our fabulous little planet has to offer with the least environmental impact.

When I'm not climbing mountains, scuba diving, spotting wildlife or exploring ruins, you'll probably find me sipping coffee, or with a glass of wine in hand planning my next adventure.

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Riding Iron Ore Train in Mauritania

The longest train adventure in africa.

If you   haven’t  heard of Iron Ore Train in Mauritania , its one of the longest trains in the world. The train length expands to 2,5 kilometers with 200 train cars carrying cca 85 tons of iron ore from mines in Zouerat to Mauritania’s second largest commercial centre Nouadihbou. Locals use it as means of transport while for foreign travellers iron ore ride is the the adventure of a lifetime.

Iron Ore Train Experience

A bunch of people are standing by the small building in a tiny village Choum somewhere in the Mauritanian desert, as it is getting dark. Two kids selling cold water and Bisap just passed by a sign that warns about the dangers of crossing the nearby railway and seven other kids accompanied Josh, an Englishman I just met earlier this day in Atar, and me while we all wait for the longest train in the world to arrive. Suddenly, we can see bright lights approaching in the distance, people start rushing, Josh and I pick up our backpacks and then just admire the train while it’s stopping.

As it nearly stops, we realised, that we waited about 300m too far, with the passengers going on the passenger car. Therefore, we had to run in complete darkness towards the freight cars. Luckily we managed to get on the train on time.

A long sleepless night on the iron ore was followed by few more hours of ride through the beautiful desert scenery in the daylight. It wasn’t comfortable in first place, but I would do it again and I believe that there are still many adventurers out there, who would love to experience this, so I wrote a few tips on how to experience such a unique train ride.

Preparation for the Ride With Iron Ore Train

While it is highly unlikely that anything serious will happen to you on Iron Ore train, you should be fully aware of the risk you take. Because the ride is free, you can imagine that your life is worth far less than the iron ore and even if the company running the railway would care about you, it is impossible for conductor to know that 3 kilometres behind someone fell of the train. But don’t worry, it is not so easy to fall off the train even when it is fully loaded.

Essentials to Pack for  Mauritanian Iron Ore Train Ride

Keep in mind that there is a lot of dust, so take with you special clothes and shoes, you don’t mind getting dirty, which you will wear only on the train, because there is very little chance that you will find a washing machine in Mauritania and I can imagine, that removing dust off the clothes by hand can be pretty hard.

However, I was lucky enough to find one in Nouadhibou as Josh stayed in a hotel with laundry service, so I could wash the dust off there. Before you go on the train, get yourself a turban or scarf to cover your mouth and nose.

It can be bought in Mauritania for few euros. You should also cover your eyes and sunglasses work well in this case, though they don’t completely protect your eyes. Many travellers pack ski goggles for eye protection.

 Iron Ore Train – Route Between From Choum to Nouadhibou

The Iron Ore train officially stops in three places, but, as you will notice, it actually stops several more times along the way. Mostly to let the other trains pass by, but it is totally possible to jump off the train there too, though it is not recommended, because another train might not stop there.

The official stops are in Nouadhibou, Choum and Zouerate. Foreigners mostly ride between Nouadhibou and Choum, since Zouerate is pretty far from everything and the only convenient way to get back from that town is by train. In this article I will focus mainly on riding Iron Ore Train in Mauritania from Choum to Nouadhibou, because I did it that way. Furthermore, the train station in Nouadhibou is not hard to reach, so I would speak a bit more about hopping in in Choum.

Choum is a tiny settlement, established only because of the railway, so it lacks infrastructure. There are few food markets, selling only snacks and drinks, but everything is about two times more expensive there (even for locals). There is also a covered bus station, where you will spend the day, hidden from the sun, while waiting for the train. The locals may even prepare lunch and invite you to join them, as they did when  I was there.

The easiest way to get to Choum from Atar is to take a daily bus for 2000 ouguiyas (as of August 2017) from one of the transport agencies in Atar. The ride takes approximately two hours and the bus leaves at around 10 a.m., but the leaving time may vary as nobody exactly knows when the train arrives in Choum.

In our case it was said that the train would arrive between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m., but it actually arrived at 9 p.m. Once the train is there you simply just hop on one of the cars. There are plenty to choose so you can be picky, but be careful, as the train leaves in about 5-10 minutes after it stops. The cars are equipped with ladder so it is easy to get in and out.

The Ride with Irone Ore Train

It’s dusty, it’s cold, it’s windy, it’s uncomfortable, but it is the most amazing thing I have done so far!  The train takes you through the remotest places of the Sahara Desert so you can imagine how bright the stars are there in the night and the milky way is clearly visible.

Even though the ride is bumpy you can still enjoy watching the night sky, because I can guarantee you that you will not get any sleep at all. In the daytime the ride is more enjoyable, since it is warm and you can watch the constantly changing scenery of endless desert as you move through it. You can even challenge yourself and try to find the other end of a train.

As said before, the train stops several times along the way, but it is highly unadvisable to leave your car even if you just need to empty your bladder, because the train can leave at any time and you together with your life are nothing compared to the iron ore for the railway company and Mauritanian economy.

There is one more thing I would like to point out about the train ride. If you arrive to Nouadhibou by train, there will be a police checkpoint right after you get out. Be sure you know where you are staying the following night beforehand to avoid any problems.

Even if you will not have any place to stay by the time, just look up on the internet and tell them a name of random hotel in Nouadhibou and you should be fine. I had some problems explaining them, that I am staying with a CouchSurfer, just because I was foolish and did not look up for a name of a hotel in Nouadhibou before.

The prices in the article are still in old Mauritanian currency – Ougiyas. In 2018 Mauritania accepted new currency with exactly 10 times bigger value. This means that e.g. if it was said in the article, that the transport costs 2000 ougiyas, it should now cost 200 of the new currency.

Written by: Žan Močnik: As a kid, he was always impressed by distant and exotic places. He visited several North African countries with his family in childhood, which was a base for adventurous spirit he possesses today. He set off on his first completely solo trip by the age of 18 and since then he always seeks for unusual places, daring adventures and challenging experiences all around the world. In 2017 Žan embarked on his second solo backpacking trip, this time from Senegal to Morocco, through some of the remotest parts of Sahara desert, where he spent almost whole time with hospitable and extremely generous people living in harsh environment with basic essentials. .  All photos in this post are copyright of  Žan. Visit his travel adventures on  Instagram

About the Author: Safari Junkie

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Young Pioneer Tours

Riding the Longest Train in the World: Mauritanian Iron Ore Train

Introduction of the longest train in the world.

The Mauritanian iron ore train is one of the most unique and incredible train journeys one can take. The train is up to 3km (1.8 miles) in length, travels on a single track of 704 kilometres (437 miles), with 200 – 300 freight carriages, weighing up to a total of 84 tons and making it the longest and heaviest train in the world .

The sole purpose of the train is to export iron ore from the mining town of Zouerate to the Port of Nouadhibou via Choum in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania located in Northwest Africa. What caught our attention here at YPT are that the owners of the railway – the state agency Société Nationale Industrielle et Minière , SNIM or in English National Mining and Industrial Company allows locals and tourists to board the train and use it as a mean of transportation between inland of the country and the coastline.

What we’ve discovered is ultimately the experience of a lifetime by blasting through the Sahara under the pristine desert sky, gazing upon the stars and being rocked by the sheer power of the locomotive.

Expectations on riding the longest train in the world

Whilst we’re thrilled that SNIM do allow passengers to board their iron ore freight trains, there are things you must know before jumping aboard. First off, do not expect any levels of comfort you would find on other passenger trains around the world. We will go into more details further into this article.

This train has no ticket, no conductor, no dining cart, or any sort of announcements. The train is not bound to any timetable and may leave earlier or later than the usual departure time locals may inform you. That’s why it is incredibly important to have a local guide who will be able to arrange your trip and receive the latest updates on the departure to ensure you don’t miss the train.

This also means the arrival time is not fixed to a certain time and a single trip can take from 11 to 15 hours. The train has a few unscheduled stops along the way, and it’s up to you to guess the length of the time the train will be stopped if you are without a guide. To be absolutely sure, we recommend not disembarking the train during its unscheduled stops. You do not want to be left stranded in the middle of the Saharan Desert.

One way to prepare yourself early for this epic journey whilst you’re still at home is to download an offline map that works on your smartphone with GPS. Mauritania is not famous for having solid internet connection, and heading further inland away from the coastline will put you at slimmer chance of finding a stable cellular network. Most importantly your offline map app will track your location and prevent you from passing the town of Choum (this is where we get off if we’re heading inland) and ending up in Polisario-controlled Western Sahara, and technically illegally leaving Mauritania. The distance between Choum and the Port of Nouadhibou is 460km (285 miles)

Picking a direction. Iron ore or no iron ore?

The train can be taken in both directions towards or away from the Atlantic Ocean. If your tour is arranged to depart from Choum, the train will depart around 6:00pm. From the small mining town to the Nouadhibou coast, you will be riding with ore packed in your freight car. This experience is the real Mauritanian experience.

There are three types of iron ore that are delivered to the coastline by train. Type 1 are rocks that are half the size of your fist. Type 2 is much smaller rocks, about the size of a watch. Type 3 is crushed iron ore which is basically dust. I prefer type 2 and type 1, but you won’t get a choice once the train arrives.

Other tours can be arranged departing from Nouadhibou to Choum as the freight cars are empty of iron ore giving the advantage of slightly more comfort by not only giving you an area to walk around, but also shielding you from the harsh sun and the constant sand blowing in your face.

You’re still able to enjoy the view from gazing at the sky directly above or using the ladders built inside the carriage to prop yourself up for a better view. It is not uncommon for travellers to bring and pitch a tent within the freight car for extra comfort. It’s possible to fit up to 10 travellers in a single empty freight car.

Is there actually a passenger wagon on the longest train in the world?

There is actually a passenger wagon attached to the end of the mineral train, however for those who aren’t game enough to ride the open mineral ore freight car don’t get too excited yet. Whilst the passenger wagon is designed for actual passengers with multiple berths of 6 bunks, remember there’s no conductor. So nobody maintains the carriage. It’s very dirty, old, worn out, and overcrowded. Don’t forget we mentioned earlier there’s no train tickets so it operates on a first come first serve basis. The only advantage is that the passenger wagon has a washroom but it only encourages for a new English word of ‘absolute filth’ to be created and used for this scenario.

In our opinion, taking this option greatly decreases the enjoyment levels of the journey and makes for an even less comfortable ride than than an empty freight car that already provides a guaranteed view of the desert, with both sunset and moonset (yep, it exists and it is incredible here in the Sahara).

You won’t sleep much on the Iron Ore Train

Whether your riding in the open freight car or the passenger wagon, you won’t sleep much. The ride is incredibly bumpy and noisy. You’ll experience what we here at YPT have nicknamed the “sonic boom”. This is the tremors and loud noises caused when the freight cars slam into each other. You can expect your entire body to shake with the very loud noise caused by this, at any given time. It certainly gets the adrenaline pumping and we feel that it only adds more to this unique experience. We prepare immediate accommodation on arrival in the town of Choum or Nouadhibou for those weary travellers.

The Iron Ore Train gets cold – really cold

You may think that the desert is always hot, but the truth is that when the sun goes down, the temperature sinks dramatically. Throwing in the wind-chill factor and it can get freezing past midnight. Therefore, it is absolutely essential to bring warm clothes and blankets with you for the journey. One other advantage of riding in the empty freight car is that you’ll be able to move around to warm yourself up. For those who hate nothing more than being cold you may even bring thermals, a thermos of hot water or borrow some leftover coal to brew Saharan tea on the spot.

What to pack for your Mauritanian Mineral Train journey

We discourage packing or hauling large luggage around Africa so allow us to assist you with what are the essentials to pack to better prepare you for your Saharan train journey. However, it is possible to arrange a separate car to drop your large belongings off at your destination.

Before boarding the train our groups will stop by local markets to stock up on plenty of water, snacks such as fruits, sandwiches or anything prepacked from the local sellers. If you’re going to ride an empty wagon it’ll be wise to pack empty bottles to assist with going for number 1s during your train journey and best to hold in any number 2s until you reach your destination.

However, if you’re boarding a wagon full of iron ore you can pick a corner you all agree to use and you won’t have to worry about going to the toilet as the rocks and Iron Ore dust will cover it along the journey.

On our tours we include blankets and a straw mat to make the journey more conformable. Packing books, a pack of cards and some games would help break up the journey. We found a pack of chalk fairly entertaining to play games and draw on the inside of the carriage walls.

Prepare a fully charged portable power bank to ensure your smartphone doesn’t run out of power.

The train ride will get you very dusty, especially if you ride it when it’s loaded up with iron ore as most of the dust is created from the ore. You may want to bring trash bags to wrap your bags so that they don’t get covered in dust if that sort of thing bothers you. You could also wear old clothes you don’t mind throwing away once the journey finishes. To protect your eyes, nose and mouth from the dust, do what the locals do: wrap a scarf around your head and wear ski goggles or sun glasses.

With these few tips in mind, you are set to enjoy an experience of a lifetime riding the mineral train of Mauritania. The scenery is incredible, the adventure will get your blood pumping and a sure way to bond tighter friendships in your group.

Choum Tunnel – Mauritania Railway Embarrassment

Whilst you’re in Choum you’ll notice mountains to the east and where the railway track take a sharp left turn up north to Zouerate. This is the sharp 90 degree corner where Western Sahara borders Mauritania. During the construction of the railway in the 1960s, the French did not want their railway to enter Western Sahara which at the time was Spanish territory located just west of the mountains.

So to avoid leaving the French territory they decided to create a 2 kilometre long tunnel through the thick granite mountain. This was incredibly expensive and many locals died during the construction.

Why was this an embarrassment? Only a few years after the railway was completed, during the 1970s Spain left Western Sahara. Mauritania was briefly in control of the territory of where the railroad could have and should have been built to avoid unnecessary loss of lives and costs.

A 5km railway line was built through the Western Sahara territory, east of Choum, in spite of the tunnel existing solely to prevent that exact occurrence. The upkeep of the tunnel was adding further unnecessary expenses so in 1991 the tunnel was totally abandoned.

The track located within Western Sahara is the only railway running within the unrecognised country, and making it the smallest railway network in the world among countries that have any railway within them whatsoever.

Join our Mauritania Iron Ore tour to experience the longest train in the world

About post author.

Rowan Beard

Rowan’s a YPT co-founder with over 100 visits to North Korea (DPRK) and visited 100+ countries. You’ll most likely catch him leading group tours in Africa, East Asia, and the Middle East.

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The Iron Ore Train in Mauritania: the Good, the Bad & the Ugly

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What is the Iron Train in Mauritania?

The Iron Ore Train in Mauritania; a train that can be 2.5-3 kilometres long carrying tons of iron ore (in the forms of powder or chunks) across the Sahara desert. The train that has -rightly so- claimed the title “The Snake of the Desert” has its journey started at Zouerat mines, a Mauritanian town in the middle of Sahara, and ended after 700+ kilometres and approximately 22 hours later at Nouadhibou, the second biggest city of Mauritania, laying on its Northwest coast.

What’s the hype about?

The train carries, besides iron, some locals too looking to sell their stuff (usually fish catching) at Zouerat; occasionally there is also a.. normal passengers’ carriage costing (as I was told) of around 15€, however, the majority of the locals just prefer hitchhiking the train “illegally”. Some travellers a few years back discovered that one could hitchhike the train as locals do for “the experience”.

And while for a traveller who intentionally does this ride it can be a cool (yet extreme) experience let’s not forget that for the locals, who might have no other option, the ride is not funny or enjoyable at all; it can even be dangerous for their health as they constantly breathe the ore dust while being “trapped” in the empty wagons on their way up (the tourists usually hop on the train towards Nouadhibou to ensure the wagons are full so they can stand onto the iron and “enjoy” the journey instead of being trapped down the empty wagons).

Why you shouldn’t ride the Iron Ore Train in Mauritania?

Let’s start controversially. Are you feeling unsure if you should do it or not? Here are some reasons why you shouldn’t: – If your main desire/ drive is to have cool photos for Instagram/ social media (yes you will have cool photos eventually, but is this really the point?). If you are willing to risk your and others’ safety for those said photos (real story, I won’t go into details now) please, please Photoshop them instead * .

* Having cool photos for your social media is not bad per se. But Mauritania is one of the least visited countries in the world; some people literally LIVE out of the few tourists visiting them mainly for the Iron ore train. Do you really want to risk your life for some cool photos and additionally to ruin a country’s extremely small tourism industry (whose reputation is already stepping on eggshells as it has been labeled as “unsafe” so many times already)?

-If you cannot handle the unexpected think twice, or even thrice. We were waiting for 18 hours just for a train to stop for a while to give us the chance to ride it– there is no setup schedule (although the train is supposed to leave Zouerat every day at 11 AM), no proper “station” at Choum ( the village when we caught the train) and no information whatsoever. You don’t know the exact time the train will pass, if it will stop and where exactly, if you will have enough time to hop on or not.

Every time a train passed by without stopping my heart was plummeting; some co-travellers, after 12 hours of waiting unsuccessfully, were already thinking of going back. Although I never considered abandoning my plan it was disheartening enough to even have to think about it after so many hours of travelling and waiting, after so much effort to reach Mauritanian Sahara.

We thought we were well prepared as we had taken details from one of the first western travellers who did this a few years ago (and since then he had re-done the ride at least 5 times, quite experienced I would say) and we even had rented some jeeps to take us there from Chinguetti so we could wait inside these and not on the sand for all those hours. And, finally, the train arrived at around 6 AM (18 hours after the original “scheduled” time) while we were sleeping randomly and we had to rush to get ready within seconds and jump in the dark onto that metallic giant.

You might need to wait a lot, you might have to pee surrounded by others while standing on a moving train, and you might be thirsty, hungry, and extremely dirty (I cannot stress this enough, I had iron dust in my ears and scalp for weeks after). You might be exhausted and not able to sleep for days, you might have damaged stuff afterward, irritated eyes, mouth, and lungs (the iron taste was following me even 4 days later when I kissed my boyfriend), dead cell phone but no one to call either anyway (the signal there is extremely poor if existing at all).

You might face extreme weather conditions, from wintery cold to Sahara sun- since you don’t know when exactly you will manage to catch the train you need to be prepared for any possible weather condition. You might have to catch the train in the middle of the night (as we did) when it’s extremely dark. The train can stop for 2’, 5’ or 20 minutes and no one knows in advance how much time you will have to jump in. You might have to climb up from a broken “ladder” and you might find iron chunks or powder to accompany you for the next 12-15 hours or so ( chunks are harder, powder is softer but gets EVERYWHERE). If none of these have put you off by now, if you are more excited than ever before, please keep reading!

Why did I do it and why you should do it too then?

I did it in order to test my limits. I did it for the experience. To push even further my (already…extended!) travel boundaries. For feeling this extraordinary pulse that only travelling (and occasionally love) can make me feel; SO alive. For checking once more my f*cking yet useful privilege (which, despite the relatively poor “Western” country I am coming from, is still prevalent).

For meeting equally crazy yet adventurous women who love travelling off the beaten track as it is so tricky to meet them in the daily, “ordinary” life. For the powerfulness. To appreciate more my mind and body and the things I never expected they could handle (no, this is actually a lie; I have always been trusting them both but a reminder is always welcome so I won’t take them for granted. Being grateful for what we have now does not hurt, right?). For the cool story hunting- and hurting; I have to admit that it wasn’t a painless experience on many levels.

I did it to get to see the Sahara desert at its finest; no people, no civilisation around. For the tiny villages (actually some sandy houses or tents) and the locals who were greeting the crazy women (us!). To experience the sunset and sunrise, the sand dunes, the drastic difference from the extremely cold to the extremely hot weather, for the quietness and, oxymoronically, the train sound which covers everything else. For the things I didn’t know were coming and the uncontrollable excitement.

I did it for the moment that I saw the train stopping amidst the night unexpectedly, causing real chaos around me, and my instant internal thought while I was still sleepy “Can you really do it”? That was something bigger than me, even though I had prepared myself weeks in advance; it was bigger than me at least for the very few moments that felt like an eternity. Yes, you can Valentini; yes I could do it, yes I did it.

Stuff to have with you Let’s talk about the boring stuff now. Preparation is really vital and can minimise some of the experience stress. Here is my must-have list of things to bring with you if you intend to ride the Iron Ore train in Mauritania. – Googles -I had ski googles, extremely hot during the day but they saved my eyes) – Masks -I was wearing one fabric and one medical one and I had to change the medical one 2-3 times as it was getting very dirty. – Double underwear and/ or a sanitary pad to protect yourself as much as possible from the iron ore. For me, as it was the last day of my period, I had to wear both and that was actually the cleanest part of my body at the end of the journey!

– Snacks and water. As you have no idea how long it will take you need to be covered. Personally speaking, I ate just a fruit, some chips, and a cereal bar a lovely co-traveller offered me as my adrenaline kept me too busy to get hungry. I also avoided drinking lots of water as I didn’t want to pee in a moving train wagon with 6 other people while having to remove all those clothes layers. I do not recommend you do so though because you risk getting dehydrated in the middle of the desert under the 40C sun- I have practiced a lot this… surviving-with-minimal-water “skill” (camel style!) that’s why I did it there too.

– Head torch. Life saver in case you are lucky enough to be on the train during the night (which is very likely!) – Lots of layers. The temperature can vary so so much. I was wearing thermal leggings and cargo pants, a thermal top, t t-shirt, a pullover, and a winter coat on top plus gloves, snood and of course, the masks and I was still feeling cold. Luckily I had 2 pre-owned blankets with me (bought from a local store in Atar). Obviously, after 8-9 AM we started removing layers as it was getting too warm despite the air that was.. slapping us. – Power bank. Although your phone would be probably used just for photos. Be extra careful with your electronic devices, as I said the iron and the sand get everywhere! My favourite pink camera still suffers from that journey and I don’t think it will ever recover! – Some people bring portable urine bags. I was given them by a cute lady who had just completed the same ride (and used them) but as I said above I didn’t need them at the end. – Your medicine/ painkillers. – Plastic covers for your bag/ stuff. They will still get extremely dirty but plastic covers/ bags will definitely help. – Sunscreen (100%!) and something to cover/ tie your hair. My very long hair was braided and it was the best decision I could have taken for it- still the stiffness was real for weeks after! – Patience. Since you may reach your limits, you will need it.

What to leave at home

– Valuables. It’s highly likely they will get damaged. – Foods/ drinks that can easily get rotten. The last thing you would want on the train is diarrhea, right? – Lots of/ heavy stuff. Don’t forget you will need to carry them up and squeeze them next to you on an uneven surface for hours to come. -Grumpy mood. It will be challenging and there will be moments when you will question your decision to do something so crazy. If you are alone fine, if you are with others (that you met there or not) they have their own issue to deal with throughout this journey, don’t ruin their moments. – Bad attitude/ entitlement. Locals and the train do not owe you anything. It’s not guaranteed you will make it, there are no tickets or promises and there is no safety either- you do everything at your own risk and yes it is potentially dangerous. – Your white saviour complex. The kids (and their teeth) do not need your candies. Ask the local school/orphanage if/ what they need and plan accordingly should you really want to help. Don’t center yourself; your help shouldn’t be intended to make you feel better as a privileged person but to make a positive impact on the locals’ lives. Therefore, it’s fine if you don’t have photos of other people’s kids to post on your social media without their permission.  

What is it like on the Iron Ore train once up?

It is filthy, dusty, windy, and either too cold or too hot. It is difficult and dangerous to stand up because of the uneven surfaces and the rough environment the railway runs over but not impossible (you won’t pee yourself but make slow movements!). Once I hopped on (one of the most dangerous things I have purposefully done in my life!) I spent most of the time looking around, taking photos, and absorbing as much as I could. Despite the 18-hour wait, we were lucky enough to experience night, sunrise, and day onto the train- the midday Saharan sun was unbearable though- as I said do not forget your sunscreen! My adrenaline levels kept me from sleeping (and the 2 hours of sleep I managed to have was one of the most uncomfortable ones ever- and, believe me, I have slept in very bizarre places!)

The train is free of charge (in case you haven’t realised it by now) and after departing from Choum it keeps going parallel to the Western Sahara boarders. It may stop in other villages/ settlements along the way but it is not recommended to hop off- as I already wrote, you have no idea for how long it will stop. This is the time for cool photos as you can stand up and be safe! When the train is about to start you hear a deafening noise (probably from the brakes?) and then the longest train in the world has a giant…hiccup to make it start- make sure you are not standing up at that moment!

Arriving at Nouadhibou after so many hours it can be a relief but also a bittersweet moment. Sahara meets the ocean and you desperately need a shower but you don’t want to just hop off and return back to an ordinary life.

Would I do it again? Frankly, I don’t know. I would rather keep that magical feeling and memory I have earned from the Iron Ore train and Mauritania, as, sometimes, when you try to mimic or repeat an experience you don’t get the same vibe back and you end up disappointed. I simply don’t want to risk ruining that nostalgic and powerful feeling. However, I might change my mind as I really deem it to be one of the top 5 (or 3?) travelling experiences I have ever had and Mauritania was the 4th African country I have visited . What do you think about it? Would you take the plunge and hop on the Mauritania Iron Ore Train?

Do you like my post as much as you like my designs? Sharing is caring ❣️❣️

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Why not? Great chance to…refresh my knowledge in Ore Mineralogy!

Hope you are doing well, my old friend! Keep travelling, be better that Phileas Fogg!!

Hehe that s true! Thank you 🙂

HiValentina, thanks for your article and your website. It’s really valuable hearing a female perspective in the travel blogging world! I am considering doing this trip but aware of the (UK and many other) foreign office advice to avoid all travel in this area (seems main risks are considered to be unexploded landmines and kidnapping). Just wondering what your thoughts were on general safety/risks?

Hello 🙂 Thanks for your comment! Yes it’s true that the area is marked as “red” and this raises some issues. Regarding the mines you dont have to go up there to catch the train anyway – although it ‘s gonna be quicker in the terms for waiting (but longer the ride itself) as the train starts there and you don’t have to wait endlessly in the middle of the desert without knowing if and when a train will stop which can be trickier. It’s a mine town but some people didn’t feel safe so that’s why I didn’t start from there either so I cannot comment on that. For kidnapping I didnt really feel there is such danger and the locals I encountered with were very curious (some friendly and some not as one would expect in any country anyway) but I didn’t feel threatened at any point. It would help to go along with other people though as the trip is challenging on multiple levels (for example if there is no signal and something happens at least you aren’t alone).

Great post! Very inspiring 😊

Thank you so much 🙂

This is what I call QUALITY! Thank you for the inspiration.

Oh thank you so much 🙂

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Iron Ore Train Ride in Mauritania

• August 19, 2023
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• Updated on August 19, 2023

▶ Destinations ▶ Mauritania  

The iron ore train of Mauritania

I had briefly heard about a famous train carrying iron ore through the desert in Mauritania, but I wouldn’t have thought I’d travel on it until I get into the country. It was while leaving Western Sahara to reach Nouadhibou that I saw it, arriving from Zouerat with the ore. We were driving in the opposite direction and the wagons did not end. It’s one of the longest trains in the world, by around 2.5 kilometers long.  

Iron ore industry

Several trains leave Zouerate in the Tiris Zemmour region from a giant mine and carry iron ore to Nouadhibou. From here, it is exported to other countries or to Europe from the seaport.  

How to take the train

In this travel guide, we will see how to take the iron ore train from Nouadhibou to Choum (in Adrar) and reverse. If you want to continue to Zouerat where you can take it from this point, the process remains the same.  

This guide is based on my experience. I took the train 2 times : with and without the ore.

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Take the train from Nouadhibou to Choum

From Nouadhibou, trains leave empty. That is, you travel without the iron ore. We thought it was the most comfortable option, but it’s definitely the opposite. The cars are empty, which means that the train is going very fast and therefore all the dust flies heavily and you often have to close your eyes. In addition, the noise is deafening since the ore is not there to suffocate it.  

The advantage is that you have a lot of space, you can also save 1 to 2 hours ride and you do not come out all black from the ore!  

How do I take the train?

You have 2 options: climb into an ore car for free or into the passenger car. If you opt for the latter, you will have to go to the station building and buy your ticket. You should know that this car is often crowded. ● In all cases, you must go to the train station:

📍 View on map  

1. Taxi to the train station

A taxi ride in Nouadhibou costs on average 50 MRU.

2. Departures

3 trains depart from Nouadhibou every day. The times are never exact, but the first one usually leaves between 3pm and 4pm. The day before we left, he left at 1pm. It is best to get there as soon as possible to enjoy the view while it is daylight.

3. Duration

The journey takes about 10 hours.

The train stops 3 times: When another train arrives in the opposite direction – a long break at Inal and a very short stop at Bon Lanuar (occasionally).

📍 See Inal on map

4. Where to stay in Choum?

There is a small hostel reachable on foot in a few minutes. We paid 300 MRU each.

Take the train from Choum to Nouadhibou

By far the most comfortable option, but you won’t see much of the route since the train leaves around 8pm (doften on time). On the other hand, you will witness the sunrise and you will be more comfortable than when the train is empty. The journey takes 2 hours longer (12 in total), but there will be less shaking, wind and noise. If you want to get on the passenger carriage, you will need to buy a ticket at the station. Otherwise, simply climb into any ore wagon.

📍 Station location  

Reach the city center of Nouadhibou

Many taxis will be waiting for travelers at Nouadhibou station in front of the railway. Wave your arm when you spot one and it will follow your car to the train stop. With fatigue, we forgot to ask the price of the race before going up. The driver asked us for an exorbitant price on arrival that we had to bother to negotiate. Don’t forget to ask before. We agreed on 100 MRUs per person.

– Where to stay

There are many comfortable hotels in this location. Pretty necessary after a trip into the ore!

📍 View on map

Zouerat to Nouadhibou

The train does not exactly leave in Zouerat but set back from the city of Fdérik. He leaves every day in the late afternoon. The schedule is not fixed, but the first train is often around 4pm. I advise you to go before since it can also leave at 12am or 1pm depending on the day. The journey to Choum takes about 4 hours and another 12 hours to Nouadhibou.  

Taking the passenger car

The journey inside the wagon (and not in the dumpsters) costs 250 ougiyas to Nouadhibou. It is often very crowded except on Saturdays and Sundays (not systematic).

📍 Departure of the train  

Travel tips

To enjoy a minimum of “comfort” I strongly advise you to bring what you need before traveling:

● A turban (haouli) is very useful. Iron ore is everywhere, and it is difficult to remove it. Especially since sandstorms are not uncommon, as evidenced by this photo I took before embarking in Nouadhibou. I myself had not thought of it, I was glad that my friend had one more for me.  

● Swimming goggles . You can easily find them in Nouadhibou in fishing shops. Sunglasses also do the trick with the well-fitting turban.

● A tarpaulin . I had the good idea to go for a ride to the souk of Nouadhibou to find one. It was more than convenient for me to land on it or wrap me in it when it was cold.  

● A down , and warm clothes at the same time. The nights are cold in the desert and the wind does not help.

● Awindbreaker/waterproof clothes .  I had one for the top and one for the bottom. Black besides! Perfect to roll in the ore without fear of getting dirty in addition to cutting wind, cold and protecting the clothes underneath. It’s really the best.

● Food . Because there will be nothing to eat for more than 10 hours.

● Garbage bags to protect your bag and belongings. If you travel with the ore, they will all be black.

● A dose of motivation and go!

What to do in Choum?

If you want to keep busy with an interesting tourist activity in Choum, I advise you to go to the monolith of Ben Amera.  

What is a monolith?

A monolith is a rock formation of a single block. Ben Amera is the second largest after Uluru in Australia. Simply, it is the 2 nd largest pebble in the world and the largest in the whole Africa.  

Ben Amera at the time of the caravan route

Ben Amera, like many other places in Mauritania and in neighboring countries, was a meeting point during the caravan route. Nomads used the monolith to find their way around and this place has become a kind of crossroads steeped in history. As his name shows, “Ben” Amera also had a Jewish population in the past.  

How to get to the monolith?

You can easily reach it by car by following the track. But to continue in line with the article, you can go by train. Not this time with that of ore, but another type of train that you can get on. It is all yellow and is located in the center of Choum.  

This train leaves 2 times a day to Ben Amera and then returns to Choum. So you can stay in the village of the monolith for a few days and then come back whenever you want.  

See Ben Amera from the ore train

You will be likely to see Ben Amera from the iron ore train in broad daylight if he leaves Choum earlier than average. Otherwise, you can see it very easily if you come from Nouadhibou since by the time you reach it, the moon will be high and will illuminate all the surroundings. Just make sure you don’t miss it by checking the GPS. The monolith is very close to the railway and it’s so gigantic from the top of its 600 meters. You can’t miss it.

Photos of the iron ore train

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Mauritania with Iron Ore Train Round 5

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Our Mauritania Expedition is becoming one of our best sellers.

They always are sold out several months in advance, so book your spot before it’s too late!

From riding a mining train across the Sahara desert to visiting dreamy oases, Mauritania is an offbeat, adventurous destination, and one of the rawest, most untouched countries I have ever been to.

In this EXPEDITION , we will ride and spend the night on top of a train full of mineral ore. We will drive through the desert, get in touch with the local Bedouin culture and visit Medieval Saharan cities, once important trading centers for the Trans-Saharan routes.

November 16th to 23rd, 2024

Lead by Leti Lagarda

travelers who joined us say

Note that we always keep the itinerary flexible, and it may be subject to change, depending on the political situation.

Day 1 – Arrival in Nouakchott Day 2 – Azouega Day 3 – Chinguetti Day 4 – Ouadane & Atar Day 5 – Zouerat and the Iron Ore train Day 6 – Nouadibou Day 7 – Nouakchott Day 8 – Departure

Day 1 – Arrival in Nouakchott

Day 1 is the arrival day in Nouakchott , a day which we will spend picking you up from the airport, welcoming you, and checking into the hotel.

To be honest, there aren’t many daily flights into Nouakchott, so many of you will certainly come to Mauritania on the same day.

In the evening, we will have a welcoming dinner to get to know each other while we discuss the upcoming adventure.

Overnight in 5-star hotel.

Day 2 – Azouega, the tallest dune in Mauritania

On the second day, we will go across the Mauritanian desert towards Azouega, the tallest dune in Mauritania.

It’s quite a long drive but on the way, we will stop in Akjoujt for a picnic lunch under a tree.

We are planning to get into Azouega around 5pm, when we will set up our camp right next to the tallest sand dune in Mauritania, and one of the highest in Africa.

Overnight in a tented camp.

Day 3 – Chinguetti via Terjit and Mheirith

Early morning, we will head to Chinguetti but not without first stopping in Terjit.

Terjit is a desert spring, more popularly known as an oasis. For centuries, many of the endless caravans traveling along the trans-Saharan route used Terjit as a place for shelter, a spot to break their journey and enjoy the cool breeze under the shade of the spreading palm trees.

We will take our time in Terjit, having lunch and walking over the edge of the valley.

Then, we will head for Chinguetti but on the way, we will stop in Mhaireth, located on the other side of the valley and with a sea of palm trees even bigger than Terjit’s.

In the evening, we will reach Chinguetti.

Overnight in Chinguetti.

Day 4 – Old Chinguetti, Ouadane and Atar

Chinguetti is a medieval trading center dating from the 13th century and one of the main centers for the trans-Saharan trading route.

It used to be a meeting point for Maghrebi pilgrims who were on their way to Mecca, so it became one of the holiest cities in West Africa, hence a renowned center for Islamic and scientific scholarship, the reason why Chinguetti is today home to several libraries containing ancient books and manuscripts.

We will visit all of that.

Then, we will head to Ouadane but instead of taking the normal road, we will drive through the desert over sand dunes, an epic trip only disturbed by occasional Bedouin settlements.

Ouadane is home to an old city today a UNESCO World Heritage site which, once upon a time prospered from the trans-Saharan gold trade. Overlooking the Sahara plains, the ruined old city is an absolutely impressive sight.

We will have lunch in Ouadane, visit the old city and then, we will go to Atar.

Overnight in Atar.

Day 5 – The Iron Ore train

Early morning, drive to Zouérat.

Every day of the year, a train 2.5 kilometers in length, travels more than 700km across the empty Sahara to Nouadibou, transporting hundreds of tonnes of iron ore which will be subsequently shipped to different parts of the world.

We will get on top of one of the 200 wagons, sit on the iron ore and travel along the 14-hour journey. This will be the most epic day of the trip and perhaps, one of your most epic adventures ever.

For me, it was indeed :).

The train can depart at any time between 12pm and 8pm but before that, we will have the chance to visit the actual mines, to see how they fill the wagons with the ore, an experience for which you need a special permit and very few travelers have been able to witness.

The journey to Nouadibou takes around 18 hours. Water and snacks will be provided.

Overnight on the train.

Day 6 – Arrival in Nouadibou

Nouadibou is the second city in Mauritania .

The arrival time is uncertain, but upon arrival, we will go straight to a hotel where we can have a much-needed shower.

Then, we will have lunch and visit the city, including ship graveyard, or what it remains from it.

Overnight in Nouadibou.

Day 7 – Nouakchott

Nouakchott is the capital of Mauritania, and a pretty weird capital, since this might be the only world capital where you may bump into small sand dunes in the middle of the city.

We will visit the camel market, home to the largest concentration of camels I have ever seen, and then, Port du Pêche, one of the liveliest fishing harbours in West Africa.

Dinner and overnight in Nouakchott.

Day 8 – Back home and transfer

After enjoying breakfast altogether, we will take care of your transfer to Nouakchott International Airport.

What’s Included

Airport transfers

7 nights of accommodation (twin shared) in hotels mentioned in FAQ

Private 4×4 transportation and driver around Mauritania

All meals. We will be traveling with our private cook! On day 1, only dinner is included

English-speaking, knowledgeable Mauritanian guide

International tour leader

Local taxes and fees for all touristic sites

Not Included

International flights

Single supplement. Having your own private room costs 290€

Which hotels do we stay in?

These are the hotels where we always stay but note that once in a while, they might be subject to availability.

• Nouakchott: Nouakchott Hotel
• Azouega: Tented camp
• Chinguetti: Auberge Timnguistt (or similar)
• Atar: Auberge des Caravanes
• Nouadibou: Valencia Hotel

How does the room distribution work?

Price of the tour includes accommodation in a twin room.

If you are a solo traveler, you will be sharing the room with another like-minded traveler from the group. We always try to group people of same gender and age together but note that this won’t always be the case. Moreover, in the hypothetical case there weren’t perfect pairs, one of the rooms would be a triple room.

If you wanted to have your own single room, you will have to pay an additional €290.

How to get a visa?

Most nationalities can get a visa on arrival, which typically costs €55 or $60..

Is this trip for everybody?

This is the roughest trip we offer, for the simple reason that we will spend nearly 20 hours on a train full of ore, so it’s a trip aimed at adventurous travelers.

In Nouakchott and Nouadibou, we will stay in some of the best hotels in town, no problem but, outside of the two main cities, the accommodation is rough.

Where does the trip start from?

The tour starts in Nouakchott, which has an international airport.

The most common connections to Nouakchott are via Paris (Air France), Morocco (Royal Air Maroc), Istanbul (Turkish Airlines), Tunis (Tunis Air) and even Las Palmas de Gran Canaria – Spain (Vueling).

How many people will attend this tour?

We limit our tours to a maximum of 12-13 people.

How does payment work?

In order to secure your spot on the tour, we require a deposit.

All details will be shared upon booking your spot.

Do you recommend a specific travel insurance?

Either you are joining one of our trips, or you are traveling by yourself, you might want to look for proper travel insurance. Against the Compass has been a partner with IATI for several years already, recommending it to all readers, as well as covering all Joan Torres’ personal trips.

We like it because It covers all the countries where the FCDO advises against all travel, it offers budget plans and covers all sorts of adventure activities.

Against the Compass readers can benefit from a 5% discount .

Get a quote here to claim your discount

What about the cancellation policy?

Please refer to our Terms & Conditions .

Undersea Train Tunnel Could Connect Spain With Morocco by 2030

A n exciting new possibility for easy and sustainable transportation between two continents separated by water is on the horizon. A historic rail tunnel project between Spain and Morocco , which would span the Strait of Gibraltar, is being contemplated by the two countries’ transportation ministries, and not for the first time. 

This project, which was initially proposed way back in 1979, is now being reconsidered with a new sense of urgency, thanks to the upcoming 2030 World Cup, which will take place across Spain, Portugal and Morocco. The two nations also conducted feasibility studies back in 1981, but the initiative lost momentum and was never completed. In fact, according to The Telegraph , the Spanish government first proposed the concept of constructing a tunnel beneath the strait as far back as 1930, but engineers discovered that the feat was impossible with the technologies of the era. 

The imagined undersea rail tunnel connecting Southern Europe to Northern Africa would link Madrid directly to Casablanca with a travel time of about five and a half hours. That’s a significant improvement over present transport options, which are to hop aboard a plane for a flight of about two hours, or drive or take a ferry for about 12 hours.

The proposed train tracks would run through a newly created underwater tunnel connecting Punta Paloma, Spain, to Malabata, Morocco, near Tangier. According to published plans provided by the Spanish Society for Fixed Communication Studies across the Strait of Gibraltar (SECEGSA), the completed rail line would span 26 miles, with approximately 17 miles of that total length running below the waters of the strait, sitting at a depth of about 1,550 feet below sea level at its lowest point. 

If realized, the train line would become the first direct rail link between Europe and Africa, and boast the capacity to transport up to 12.8 million passengers annually, SECEGSA projections indicated. There would also be an opportunity for this proposed intercontinental rail line to link up with existing rail infrastructure in both countries, making it possible for travelers to continue beyond the two cities on either side. 

High-level talks between Spain and Morocco have been ongoing over the past year, with transport ministers from both countries engaging in discussions since Spring 2023. Following an April 2023 meeting, Spain’s Minister of Transport, Mobility, and Urban Agenda, Raquel Sánchez, said in a release , “We are therefore beginning a new stage in the relaunch of the Fixed Link Project through the Strait of Gibraltar, which we began in 1981." 

Already, Spain has apportioned €2.3 million ($2.47 million) to conduct its own feasibility studies for the long-delayed underwater rail tunnel project. And, according to Condé Nast Traveler , SECEGSA’s counterpart, the Moroccan National Company for Strait Studies (SNED) last week announced that it was initiating preliminary research into the feasibility of the undertaking, such as logistics and construction costs. While the actual cost of such a project has not been specified, reported estimates place the number at roughly $7.5 billion.

While the aim would obviously be to have the train line operational by 2030, there is currently no definitive timeline for wrapping up the exploratory phase or receiving official approval for the project. However, an upcoming strategic meeting between the two nations in June could provide the impetus needed to kick-start construction, especially with the World Cup serving as a potential catalyst for realizing this long-delayed scheme.