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Discover ancient Rome with a Roman Architecture Tour! From the Colosseum to the Pantheon, explore the evolution of Roman design.

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Embarking on a Roman Architecture Tour is akin to stepping back in time, immersing oneself in the grandeur of an ancient civilization that laid the foundations for Western architecture and engineering.

Rome, often referred to as the “Eternal City,” is a treasure trove of architectural wonders that span centuries. As one sets foot on the cobblestone streets, the air becomes infused with a palpable sense of history, and each structure stands as a testament to the ingenuity of Roman architects.

From the iconic Colosseum to the awe-inspiring Pantheon, this journey unfolds the captivating narrative of Roman architecture, revealing its influence on modern design and engineering.

One of the most notable aspects of Roman architecture is the widespread use of the arch, which allowed them to create larger open interior spaces and produce massive structures like the Colosseum. Additionally, the Romans were the first architects in history to fully tap into the potential of domes for creating large interior spaces. The exquisite craftsmanship and ingenuity of Roman architects can be best observed in iconic buildings like the Pantheon, which boasts impressive structural designs and proportions.

Incorporating innovations from prior civilisations like the Greeks and Etruscans, the Romans adapted their architectural style to suit their specific needs and tastes. They developed a rich vocabulary of architectural forms, including the use of Ionic and Corinthian orders, which gave their structures a sense of elegance and harmony. Today, ancient Roman architecture serves as a testament to the artistic and engineering capabilities of this once-mighty empire.

Historical Development of Roman Architecture

Influence of the Etruscans and Greeks

The history of Ancient Roman architecture is marked by the influence of other civilisations. One of the key influences came from the Etruscans, an advanced civilisation that inhabited Italy prior to the Roman Republic. The Romans borrowed many elements from Etruscan architecture, including the arch and the use of hydraulic cement in construction. Alongside the Etruscans, Greek architecture also played a significant role in shaping Roman building styles. The Romans were greatly inspired by the Greek architectural orders, such as Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian, and incorporated them into their own designs with some modifications. They also added their distinct touch, leading to the creation of the Composite order, which combined aspects of the Ionic and Corinthian styles.

Architectural Evolution from Republic to Empire

During the Roman Republic, architecture focused primarily on public and religious buildings, such as temples, porticoes, and basilicas. However, as the Roman Empire emerged under the rule of Augustus, a new era of grandiose monumental construction began. This period saw the construction of numerous imperial structures, such as the Pantheon and the Colosseum, showcasing Rome’s prowess in engineering, their wealth, and their influence on the western world.

The Roman Empire’s architectural advancements were driven by different emperors. Augustus, who famously claimed to have found Rome as a city of brick and left it a city of marble, kickstarted a programme of urban beautification and monumental construction. Later, Emperor Hadrian contributed significantly to the spread of Roman architecture by constructing elaborate buildings—including his signature architectural piece, Hadrian’s Wall—across the empire.

An essential factor in the evolution of Roman architecture was the discovery of concrete, which enabled them to develop innovative construction methods, such as the use of vaults and domes. These techniques provided more efficiency and stability to their structures, a defining characteristic of Roman architecture that is still admired today.

The Colosseum

Undoubtedly the crown jewel of Roman architecture, the Colosseum stands as an enduring symbol of ancient engineering prowess. As you stand before the colossal amphitheatre, it’s impossible not to be overwhelmed by the magnitude of its construction. Built in AD 80, the Colosseum was a marvel of its time, accommodating up to 80,000 spectators who gathered to witness gladiatorial contests and public spectacles. The precision of its arches and the innovative use of concrete are architectural feats that continue to captivate engineers and historians alike. A guided tour takes you through the labyrinthine corridors, offering insights into the Colosseum’s rich history, the techniques employed in its construction, and the cultural significance of the events that unfolded within its walls.

Unleash the grandeur of history at the Colosseum! Book your immersive Colosseum tour now to step into the arena where gladiators once battled. Colosseum And Ancient Rome Family Tour For Kids Rome: Colosseum, Roman Forum And Palatine Hill Guided Tour Colosseum VIP Access with Arena and Ancient Rome Tour (Viator)

The Pantheon

As the Roman Architecture Tour unfolds, the Pantheon emerges as another masterpiece that defies the limitations of time. Originally built as a temple to the gods, the Pantheon’s dome remains an unparalleled achievement in architectural engineering. The perfectly proportioned structure, with its oculus at the apex, allows sunlight to filter through, creating a celestial play of light within the vast interior. Dedicated to understanding the divine, the Pantheon’s design showcases the Romans’ mastery of geometry and materials, setting it apart as a marvel that continues to inspire architects across the globe. A guided exploration of the Pantheon provides a glimpse into the mathematical precision that underlies its construction, offering a profound appreciation for the fusion of art and science that defines Roman architecture.

Explore the architectural marvel of the Pantheon! Secure your spot on our Pantheon tour for an enlightening journey through this ancient temple. Rome: Pantheon Express Guided Tour Rome: Food, Wine & Sightseeing around Pantheon and Campo dè Fiori Market Pantheon Elite Tour in Rome (Viator)

The Roman Forum

The Roman Forum, once the bustling heart of ancient Rome, serves as an open-air museum where the vestiges of political, religious, and commercial life intertwine. Walking amidst the ruins, one can almost hear the echoes of political orations and feel the pulse of daily life in the Roman Republic. Surrounded by iconic structures such as the Temple of Saturn and the Arch of Septimius Severus, the Forum provides a comprehensive view of Roman civic architecture. A guided tour unveils the stories of triumphs and tribulations that unfolded in this historic space, shedding light on the architectural evolution from the Republican era to the Imperial period. The juxtaposition of columns, arches, and temples paints a vivid picture of the city’s evolution, offering a profound understanding of how architecture mirrored the societal shifts in ancient Rome.

Dive into the heart of ancient Rome at the Roman Forum! Join our expert-guided tour to discover the political and cultural centre of the Roman Empire. Tour Of Colosseum & Roman Forum With Dutch Guide Semi-Private Colosseum, Roman Forum & Palatine Hill Tour – Skip the Line Entrance Skip the Line: Colosseum, Roman Forum, and Palatine Hill Tour (Viator)

The Vatican City

No Roman Architecture Tour is complete without a visit to the Vatican City, where the opulence of Renaissance architecture converges with the grandeur of Roman design. St. Peter’s Basilica, with its iconic dome designed by Michelangelo, stands as a testament to the enduring influence of Roman architectural principles. As you explore the Vatican Museums, adorned with frescoes and sculptures from various periods, the intricate details of classical architecture become intertwined with the artistic brilliance of the Renaissance. The journey through the Vatican encapsulates the evolving narrative of Roman architecture, demonstrating how it laid the groundwork for the architectural marvels of subsequent centuries. The fusion of religious symbolism, artistic expression, and structural innovation offers a captivating conclusion to the exploration of Rome’s architectural legacy.

Embark on a spiritual and artistic journey at the Vatican City! Reserve your Vatican tour to witness the beauty of St. Peter’s Basilica and the awe-inspiring Sistine Chapel. Vatican City: Leonardo Da Vinci Exhibition Ticket Rediscover the Beauty and History of Vatican City on a Guided Tour – Skip the line Vatican Museums, Sistine Chapel and St. Peter’s Basilica Guided Tour (Viator)

The Palatine Hill

Perched above the Roman Forum, the Palatine Hill offers a panoramic view of Rome and a deeper understanding of the city’s architectural evolution. Steeped in myth and history, the Palatine Hill is considered the birthplace of Rome and was later transformed into a luxurious residential area for the Roman elite. The remains of grand palaces, such as the Domus Augustana, showcase the opulence of Imperial Roman architecture. A guided stroll through the Palatine Hill unveils the layers of Roman history, from the humble huts of Romulus to the sumptuous abodes of emperors, providing a comprehensive overview of the architectural styles that defined different eras.

Ascend to the birthplace of Rome’s emperors on the Palatine Hill! Don’t miss out on our Palatine Hill tour to explore the ruins and panoramic views of the city. Rome: Skip The Line Colosseum, Forum, And Palatine Hill Tour Rome: Colosseum, Roman Forum And Palatine Hill Guided Tour Skip the Line: Colosseum, Roman Forum, and Palatine Hill Tour (Viator)

The Baths of Caracalla

The Baths of Caracalla stand as a testament to the Romans’ dedication to leisure and communal activities. Constructed in the 3rd century AD, these vast public baths could accommodate over 1,600 bathers simultaneously. The scale and architectural innovation exhibited in the Baths of Caracalla are awe-inspiring, with towering vaults and intricately designed rooms. As you explore the well-preserved ruins, the sheer magnitude of the complex becomes evident, offering a glimpse into the social and cultural aspects of Roman life. The well-preserved mosaics and sculptures further enhance the immersive experience, allowing visitors to envision the grandeur of public life in ancient Rome.

Immerse yourself in the opulence of Roman baths at Caracalla! Book your tour to experience the ancient luxury of the Baths of Caracalla. The Baths of Caracalla Private Tour with PhD guide Donato Baths of Caracalla – Private Tour Small-Group Tour of Caracalla Baths and Circus Maximus (Viator)

Ancient Aqueducts

Venturing beyond the city center, a Roman Architecture Tour explores the outskirts to witness the engineering marvels that sustained the ancient metropolis – the aqueducts. The Roman aqueducts, such as the Aqua Claudia and the Aqua Virgo, showcased the Romans’ mastery of hydraulic engineering. These impressive structures transported water from distant sources to quench the thirst of a burgeoning city. Tracing the paths of these ancient aqueducts reveals not only the technological ingenuity of Roman engineers but also the strategic urban planning that ensured a reliable water supply. The arches and channels of the aqueducts stand as silent witnesses to the Roman commitment to both functionality and aesthetics, as they seamlessly integrated these colossal structures into the surrounding landscape.

Follow the path of ancient waterways on our Ancient Aqueducts tour! Reserve your spot to marvel at the engineering brilliance that sustained ancient Rome. Crypts, Ancient Aqueducts and Skeletons Tour The Park of the Aqueducts Private Walking Tour The Ancient Aqueducts of Rome (Viator)

Ostia Antica

For a more immersive experience into daily Roman life, a detour to Ostia Antica, the ancient harbor city of Rome, is a must. As an essential hub for trade and commerce, Ostia Antica’s well-preserved ruins offer a glimpse into the commercial architecture of ancient Rome. From the grand Theater to the intricate mosaics of the House of the Ship Europa, each corner tells a story of a thriving port city. The layout of the streets, marketplaces, and residential areas provides valuable insights into how urban planning and architectural design were intricately linked to the functioning of a bustling Roman city. Exploring Ostia Antica completes the Roman Architecture Tour by presenting a holistic view of the built environment that sustained the Roman Empire.

Step back in time at Ostia Antica, the ancient harbour city! Join our tour to wander through well-preserved ruins and uncover the secrets of this archaeological gem. Ostia Antica – Half Day Private Tour from Rome Private Guided Tour of Ostia Antica Archaeological Site with Alessandra Ostia Antica Tour from Rome – Semi Private (Viator)

Modern Influences and Preservation Efforts

The Roman Architecture Tour doesn’t merely delve into the past; it also highlights the enduring impact of Roman design on contemporary architecture. From neoclassical buildings inspired by Roman forms to modern engineering principles rooted in ancient techniques, the influence of Rome’s architectural legacy resonates across the globe. Preservation efforts, such as those undertaken by organizations like Italia Nostra, play a crucial role in maintaining and safeguarding these cultural treasures for future generations. The tour concludes with a reflection on the responsibility to protect and celebrate the architectural wonders that serve as a bridge between the ancient and the modern, ensuring that the legacy of Roman architecture continues to inspire and educate.

Preserving the Echoes: A Commitment to Legacy and Continuity in the Wake of the Roman Architecture Tour

In conclusion, a Roman Architecture Tour is not merely a journey through the remnants of a bygone era but a dynamic exploration of the foundations upon which our modern architectural marvels stand. From the monumental Colosseum to the intricate details of the Palatine Hill, the tour unravels the layers of history, culture, and innovation that define Rome’s architectural legacy. The ability of the ancient Romans to seamlessly blend functionality with artistic expression is a testament to their engineering prowess and creative vision, a legacy that continues to shape the skylines of cities around the world.

As the sun sets over the majestic cityscape of Rome, the echoes of ancient footsteps resonate through the cobblestone streets. The Roman Architecture Tour not only imparts a profound understanding of the structures themselves but also fosters a connection with the people who built, lived, and thrived within these architectural wonders. The enduring allure of Rome’s architectural treasures lies not only in their physical grandeur but in the stories they tell – tales of triumph, innovation, and the relentless pursuit of excellence.

Moreover, the tour serves as a reminder of the collective responsibility to preserve and cherish these cultural heritage sites. As custodians of the past, we are entrusted with the duty to ensure that future generations can continue to marvel at the ingenuity of Roman architects and learn from the lessons embedded in these ancient structures. The conservation efforts underway are crucial in maintaining the integrity of these architectural gems, allowing them to serve as educational tools that bridge the gap between antiquity and the present.

In the twilight of the Roman Architecture Tour, one is left with a profound appreciation for the timeless beauty and enduring significance of Rome’s architectural treasures. The journey through ancient arches, columns, and domes becomes a metaphorical bridge that connects us with our cultural roots, inspiring a deeper appreciation for the intersections of art, science, and human ingenuity. In the heart of Rome, where past and present converge, the legacy of Roman architecture lives on, inviting us to continue the exploration of our shared architectural heritage and to draw inspiration from the magnificence of an empire that shaped the course of history.

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Rome Art and Architecture Tours 2024/2025

97 great art and architecture trips in Rome. Searching for an art and architecture tour in Rome? Below you will find 97 curated art and architecture trips taking place in Rome with 199 reviews. Our art and architecture trips are supplied by 17 hand-picked travel operators in Rome. With tour prices ranging from 39 USD to 13,860 USD and tour durations varying from 1 day and to 50 days, there is plenty to choose from.

• Italy Travel Guide

97 Art and architecture tours with 199 Reviews

• Starts Rome, Italy
• Ends Rome, Italy

Italian Delights

• Best price guaranteed
• No booking fees
• Tour Type Group Tour
• Activities City sightseeing & Cultural, religious and historic sites City sightseeing , Cultural, religious and historic sites & Art and architecture 'data-more-tripid='37627'>+1 more
• Accommodation Hotel
• Transport Coach, Taxi, Train & Ferry
• Age Range 10-99 yrs
• Operated in English
• Brochure Price: US$ 2,440
• Special Deal (28%): - US$ 687
• Total Price from: US$ 1,753
• May 21 Only 5 seats left
• Jun 04 Only 4 seats left
• View More Jan 1, 2019 Jan 2, 2019 Jan 3, 2019

• Starts Venice, Italy

Italian Express: The Best Of Italy

• Trip customizable
• Tour Type Private Tour
• Activities City sightseeing & Cultural, religious and historic sites City sightseeing , Cultural, religious and historic sites , Art and architecture & Trekking and Hiking 'data-more-tripid='19728'>+2 more
• Transport Private Vehicle, Train, Boat, Ferry, Coach & Bullet Train
• Age Range 4-99 yrs
• Operated in English, Spanish

• Starts Sicily, Italy
• Ends Taormina, Italy

Best of Sicily

• Activities Art and architecture & City sightseeing
• Accommodation Hotel & Villa
• Transport Bus
• Age Range 13-99 yrs
• Jun 01 Only 10 seats left
• Jun 08 Only 10 seats left

Taste of Italy

• Activities Food tours & City sightseeing Food tours , City sightseeing & Art and architecture 'data-more-tripid='37629'>+1 more
• Transport Coach, Private Vehicle, Taxi & Train
• Brochure Price: US$ 1,800
• Special Deal (40%): - US$ 722
• Total Price from: US$ 1,078
• May 26 Only 1 seat left
• Jun 09 Only 6 seats left

• Ends Palermo, Italy

Sicilian Secrets

Grand Journey of Italy - 11 Days

• Activities Art and architecture & Cultural, religious and historic sites Art and architecture , Cultural, religious and historic sites , Walking tours , City sightseeing & Local culture 'data-more-tripid='40059'>+3 more
• Transport Bus & Coach
• Age Range 1-99 yrs
• Brochure Price: US$ 3,255
• Special Deal (10%): - US$ 326
• Total Price from: US$ 2,929

Highlights of Italy

• Tour Type Small Group Tour
• Activities City sightseeing & Art and architecture City sightseeing , Art and architecture , Cultural, religious and historic sites , Countryside and village visits & Natural landmarks sightseeing 'data-more-tripid='3759'>+3 more
• Accommodation Hotel, Hostel & Guest House
• Transport Train, Boat & Bus
• Age Range 15-99 yrs
• Brochure Price: US$ 1,965
• Special Deal (15%): - US$ 295
• Total Price from: US$ 1,670
• May 11 Only 7 seats left
• May 18 Only 6 seats left

Rome Ancient City Private Tour

• Free cancellation
• Activities Cultural, religious and historic sites & Art and architecture
• Accommodation No Accommodation
• Age Range 5-99 yrs

• Starts Milan, Italy

Italian Intermezzo

• Activities Cultural, religious and historic sites & Museum and gallery visits Cultural, religious and historic sites , Museum and gallery visits , Wine tasting tours & Art and architecture 'data-more-tripid='21109'>+2 more
• Transport Coach & Boat
• Brochure Price: US$ 3,475
• Special Deal (20%): - US$ 680
• Total Price from: US$ 2,795
• May 12 Only 9 seats left
• Jun 02 Only 10 seats left

• Ends Florence, Italy

Gems Of Rome & Florence

• Activities Art and architecture & Food tours
• Transport Train, Coach & Private Vehicle
• Operated in English, Spanish, French, German, Italian
• Brochure Price: US$ 1,403
• Special Deal (15%): - US$ 210
• Total Price from: US$ 1,193
• May 17 10+ seats left
• May 18 10+ seats left

• Ends Venice, Italy

Ultimate Italy

• Activities Cultural, religious and historic sites & Countryside and village visits Cultural, religious and historic sites , Countryside and village visits , Sailing, yachting and motor boating , Walking tours & Art and architecture 'data-more-tripid='4952'>+3 more
• Transport Train, Boat, Bus & Taxi
• Age Range 12-95 yrs
• May 12 Only 1 seat left
• May 15 Only 1 seat left

• Ends Amalfi Coast & Campania, Italy

Rome to Amalfi

• Activities City sightseeing & Art and architecture City sightseeing , Art and architecture , Cultural, religious and historic sites , Volcanoes , Natural landmarks sightseeing & Cruise 'data-more-tripid='3784'>+4 more
• Accommodation Hotel, Villa, Resort & Hut
• Transport Boat, Train, Bus, Private Vehicle & Ferry
• Brochure Price: US$ 2,750
• Special Deal (15%): - US$ 412
• Total Price from: US$ 2,338
• May 12 Only 6 seats left
• May 19 Only 3 seats left

Italy Experience

• Activities City sightseeing & Cultural, religious and historic sites City sightseeing , Cultural, religious and historic sites , Art and architecture , Countryside and village visits & Train tours 'data-more-tripid='3752'>+3 more
• Transport Ferry, Train, Bus, Boat & Taxi
• Brochure Price: US$ 4,580
• Special Deal (15%): - US$ 684
• Total Price from: US$ 3,896
• May 13 Only 1 seat left
• May 20 Only 5 seats left

Italy City Break - 5 Days

• Activities Cultural, religious and historic sites & Local culture Cultural, religious and historic sites , Local culture , Walking tours , Art and architecture & City sightseeing 'data-more-tripid='40058'>+3 more
• Brochure Price: US$ 1,790
• Special Deal (35%): - US$ 627
• Total Price from: US$ 1,163

Rome Tour Reviews

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Tours in rome, architecture beyond the coliseum.

  Rome , does not need to be presented. It contains such a number of famous architectural gems from all periods around the world, which has been christened as the eternal city . But the capital of Italy is not only an ancient city.

Beyond unique examples of the architecture of ancient Rome such as the Colosseum and the imperial forums , Rome boasts a surprising contemporary side that will delight the lovers of contemporary architecture . The MAXXI National Museum of the XXI Century Arts of Zaha Hadid , the Renzo Piano Parco della Musica Auditorium , the Odile Decq MACRO Contemporary Art Museum , the Richard Meier Jubilee Church and Franco Purin’s Eurosky Tower , among others, are some of the examples that make Rome an architecturally interesting city apart from its abundant historical buildings. A must visit.

Enjoy our tours in Rome  focused on architecture and urbanism , perfect for architecture lovers, experts and professionals but also for groups and student trips.

Enjoy with Artchitectours guided tours around the world , accompanied by one of our professional architects-guides who will be with you throughout the route. Our itineraries , personalized tours and guided tours of architecture and design are meticulously planned to adapt to each group in particular, from the assignment of the appropriate architect-guide, to the rest stops, the type of transport, and more.

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THE DOMES OF ROMA

By Artchitectours | 2019-06-07T13:53:14+02:00 June 7th, 2019 | Categories: Blog , Roma | 0 Comments

With its hundreds of churches, Rome has developed a rich history of domes. Inspired by this heritage, Jakob Straub has photographed the most remarkable domes of this city from the ancient Pantheon to the [...]

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• Architecture City Guide

Rome Architecture City Guide: 30 Sites that Celebrate the City's Rich Culture and History

• Written by Dima Stouhi
• Published on September 21, 2023

Spanning over 3 millennia with one of the highest concentrations of architecture in the world, Rome is a transcendental influence on the world's culture. Often called “The Eternal City,” it developed as the capital and seat of power of the Roman Empire , regarded by many as the first Imperial city and among the first ancient metropolises. As a city continuously occupied for over 28 centuries, Rome has maintained its countless layers of history to become a perfect depiction of old meets new. Rich in history, academia, and art, the Italian capital is now one of the most visited cities in the world.

Rome's historic center, which stretches from Piazza del Popolo to Piazza Venezia and from the east bank of the Tiber up to Piazza di Spagna, is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Along with its historical significance, the presence of renowned contemporary architects and designers in the city has made Rome an influential design destination. In 2019, it was the 14th most visited city in the world, welcoming over 8.6 million tourists seeking to discover the ways in which the history of the Ancient Romans blends with contemporary life, making it the third most visited city in Europe and the most popular tourist destination in Italy.

The following list highlights 30 must-see historic and contemporary buildings that provide a good starting point for your first visit to the Italian capital, featuring works from renowned architects and offices such as Renzo Piano, Zaha Hadid , Richard Meier & Partners Architects, Foster+Partners, Studio Odile Decq , and Luigi Moretti, to name a few.

Auditorium Parco della Musica / Renzo Piano

Villa Doria Pamphilj

Mosque of Rome / Paolo Portoghesi

La Rinascente / Franco Albini y Franca Helg

MACRO (Museum of Contemporary Art of Rome) / Studio Odile Decq

Mercado de Porta Portese

Tor Marancia Street Art / 999 Contemporary

Casa “Il Girasole" / Luigi Moretti

Quartiere Coppedè / Gino Coppedè

Palazzo della Civiltà Italiana / Ernesto Lapadula, Giovanni Guerrini and Mario Romano

Church of 2000 / Richard Meier & Partners Architects

Corviale / Mario Fiorentino

MAXXI Museum / Zaha Hadid

Forced Perspective Gallery at the Palazzo Spada / Francesco Borromini

Olympic Village / Vittorio Cafiero, Adalberto Libera, Amedeo Luccichenti, Vincenzo Monaco, and Luigi Moretti

Recovery of the former slaughterhouse into University campus / Studio Insula

Piazza Perin del Vaga

Palazzetto dello Sport / Annibale Vittellozzi and Pier Luigi Nervi

Palazzo Zuccari / Federico Zuccari

Casa Sperimentale by Perugini / Giuseppe Perugini

Barrio Garbatella / Gustavo Giovannoni and Massimo Piacentini

National Gallery of Modern and Contemporary Art / Cesare Bazzani

Città del Sole / Labics

Marmorata Post Office / Adalberto Libera and Mario De Renzi

Piazza di Sant’Ignazio / Filippo Raguzzini

Museum of the Ara Pacis / Richard Meier & Partners Architects

Roman Pantheon / Emperor Hadrian

Rome Apple Store / Foster+Partners

INTECS SPA Headquarters / modostudio + Studio Cattinari

Lateran University Library / King Roselli Architetti

You can visit our list of City Guides here .

Editor's Note: This article was originally published on May 11, 2022.

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罗马建筑城市指南：彰显罗马丰富文化和历史的 30 个景点

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Tom Rankin Architect

Walks in rome.

Tom Rankin founded the original semi-private walking tour company, Scala Reale, in the 1990s and is now the brains behind Studio Rome Architectural Itineraries . Our focus is on Rome’s architectural riches but in our explorations we occasionally stop for a coffee or culinary tasting, step into an artisan’s shop or a cloister or descend to visit underground ruins. 

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Rome's Art & Architecture: Our Guide

By Laura Itzkowitz

Ancient ruins, baroque fountains, and modern architectural masterpieces line the city’s streets and piazzas seemingly at every turn. You could stay for weeks and just barely scratch the surface. Once you’ve seen the Vatican Museums and the Colosseum, it’s well worth seeking out more obscure spots like the Centrale Montemartini, where ancient sculptures mingle with industrial relics in a former power plant, or take a guided tour illuminating the curious mosaics underfoot in Rome’s medieval churches. Wherever your interests lie, this guide to Rome's best art and architecture will lead you to some fascinating discoveries.

Museo nazionale delle arti del XXI secolo Arrow

Zaha Hadid's beautifully designed, serpentine style museum is a modern counter to the classic art and architecture that dominates this city. Go here as much to admire Hadid's slithering metal structure as for the impressive, at-times edgy exhibitions and collection that can include an overture of famed Italo-Brazilian architect Lina Bo Bardi and street portraiture from Tehran.

Pantheon Arrow

The Pantheon is one of those sites that first-time visitors absolutely must see and repeat visitors will likely find themselves drawn back to again and again—partly because it's so majestic and partly because there's so much to see and do around it. It will be crowded throughout the day; get there early morning when crowds are thinner so that you can really appreciate the engineering of its open-domed ceiling and rotunda with less distractions.

Galleria Borghese Arrow

This Renaissance villa is now one of Rome's most important cultural institutes, housing a collection that includes Caravaggio and Canova as well as exhibitions featuring Bernini. If coming for the art, you'll make it through each of the galleries in around an hour. But allow for extra time (booking are essential) so that you can stroll its expansive grounds, home to fruit trees and flowers.

Trevi Fountain Arrow

Though you won't be able to wade through the world's most famous fountain as Anita Eckberg did in La Dolce Vita anymore, you can't forego the chance to admire it. Though the tip is to go visit on a nighttime stroll, when the maddening day time crowds have left and its baroque statuary is illuminated in a soft glow from the moon and the lighting.

Laura Walsh

Alex Erdekian

Charlie Hobbs

Roman Forum Arrow

This massive site, found mostly between Piazza Venezia and the Colisseum in Rome's centro storico is filled with remains of what was the commercial, governmental and religious heart of the old Empire. Though you can explore your grounds on your own, this is one site where you may want to get a tour guide to show you around as there is very little signage about what you are looking at.

Museum of Contemporary Art of Rome Arrow

A modern glass-and-steel building in the former Peroni Brewery, MACRO opened in 1999 and got a new wing designed by French architect Odile Decq in 2010. It's off-the-beaten-path location off of Via Nomentana makes it an insider spot for art fans. The building itself is a big draw, but exhibitions like a tribute to Pink Floyd are unexpected and fun for a city whose art scene skews traditional.

Museo dell'Ara Pacis Arrow

At no other site in Rome does modernity intersect the ancient world like at this museum dedicated to Augustus Caesar's Altar of the Peace. Just north of Piazza Navona, famed architect Richard Meier has created a sun flooded white space to house the 9th century b.c. stone carving to commemorate the emperor's return from Spain.

Castel Sant'Angelo Arrow

This imposing mausoleum and fortress right on the banks of the Tiber next to the Vatican is not often on the must-see lists of visitors to Rome. But its unique architecture and relevance to both the papacy (this is where the Pope stayed during the war) makes it worth tacking on to your trip to the Vatican. Plus it's upstairs cafe and bar has great views over the city.

Chiesa di San Luigi dei Francesi Arrow

Even if not a huge art buff, take the five minutes to wander to the Contarelli chapel inside this small catholic church which is just a short stroll from the Pantheon. It's home to three Caravaggio paintings which showoff the maestro's command of chiaroscuro which can all be seen for free and away from the crowds that mob his works inside the museums.

Centrale Montemartini Arrow

Inside a former power plant in up-and-coming Ostiense, a few metro stops south of the Colosseum, this small museum houses ancient Roman sculptures. Much of its collection is spillover from the Capitoline Museums while its floors feature large mosaics of hunting scenes and are instagrammable in themselves. Bonus: it's location means you will often get the industrial space all to yourself.

MAXXI Rome Arrow

MAXXI is the kind of place you go to spend half a day, with no plans other than to take the entire place in. Designed by Zaha Hadid, this is Rome’s museum for all things contemporary, with exhibitions spanning modern fashion, cinema, art, and architecture. Heck, it’s worth visiting just to check out the building, a piece of art in itself. The labyrinthine space at MAXXI is astounding. It gets busy, but there's so much space that you wouldn't notice. Big, wide halls give way to rooms of different themes and sizes, resulting in five floors of non-stop, incredible artwork. Spaces range from performing arts to galleries with modern artworks to open cinemas. For some, this might feel a little incoherent, but it helps if you take it in as a whole rather than different spaces.

Villa Medici Arrow

You will rub shoulders with artists, historians, and intellectuals inside this beautiful Renaissance villa and former home of the de Medicis, which has been the seat of the French Academy since the 18th century. Today, it hosts art exhibitions and concerts, while tours though its expansive ground are held Tuesday through Sunday.

Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna Arrow

Established in 1883 to celebrate Italy's unification, this collection of paintings and sculptures moved to its current home in 1915. Inside, you'll find works by renowned artists like Rodin, Monet, De Chirico, Degas, and van Gogh, as well as lesser known Italian artists like Lucio Fontana, Piero Manzoni, and Antonio Mancini. It would probably take one to two hours to see the whole collection, depending on how long you linger. Don't miss Antonio Canova's Hercules and Lychas, Giovanni Boldini's portrait of Giuseppe Verdi, and Modigliani's portrait of Hanka Zborowska.

Piazza di Spagna Arrow

Think of the Spanish Steps as Rome's unofficial hangout spot. Though you should admire both the Trinita dei Monti church at the top and Bernini's fountain down the bottom, be sure to take some time to sit and linger on the steps themselves - it provides a nice excuse to get off your feet during a day of sightseeing and the best people watching in town.

Palazzo delle Esposizioni Arrow

Ornate on the outside, sleek and modern on the inside, this massive institution hosts rotating exhibits, a design-forward shop, and a Michelin-starred rooftop restaurant. Come here in the afternoon to spend an hour exploring the Bergman retrospectives or tech-centric exhibitions detailing the future of humans then do duck and pea plin for dinner at its excellent, modern rooftop restaurant.

Altare della Patria Arrow

The best thing to do at this centrally located, Neoclassical monument built to commemorate the unification of Italy (it also houses Italy's Tomb of the Unknown Soldier) is to catch the elevator straight to the top. From there, you get expansive views strecthing from the Colosseum, across the Roman Forum, and farther north to the Spanish Steps.

Keats-Shelley House Arrow

This final home to John Keats who died in Rome at age 25 is now a small house museum next to the Spanish Steps. Though it is especially worth visiting for anyone with an interest in English literature (the onsite library has 8000 pieces dating back to the English Romantic period), it's an intimate look at what life was like in the 19th century, too. The home is exactly as Keats left it, and you can cap your visit with an espresso across the piazza at Caffè Greco, frequented often by both Keats and Shelley.

Capuchin Crypt Arrow

This crypt filled with the mummified remains and skeletons of friars of the Capuchin order is one of Rome's quirkier, more sombering sites. Located just off the glitzy Via Veneto underneath the Church of Santa Maria della Concezione, it contains a series of chambers adorned by the skulls and bones of 4,000 friars arranged in intricate patterns and chandeliers. Though open to children, it's strongly advised to think twice before bringing in anyone who is easily spooked.

Imago Artis Travel's Tour of the Villa of the Knights of Malta Arrow

The Villa of the Knights of Malta is one of Rome's most legendary and exclusive sights. People line up to peer though the keyhole in the heavy wooden door protecting the gardens to see a perfectly framed view of the dome of St. Peter's—a feat of architectural engineering by Piranesi. Imago Artis is one of the few tour operators that can arrange a private tour of the spectacular gardens and church protected by the 18th-century walls. The whole operation is seamless—a Mercedes will collect you; tour guide, Fulvio, is charming and extremely knowledgable—and will impress even those who think they have seen everything in Rome.

Canova Tadolini Arrow

A sophisticated crowd comes to the crimson-painted and dark-wood dining room inside this former atelier to Neoclassical sculptor Antonio Canova and his protégé Adamo Tadolini. Though the dishes - Roman classics like spaghetti alla carbonara are perfectly fine, the real draw is to come in summer, when locals and expats mingle over Aperol spritzes and negronis on the chic terrace.

Cosmatesque: A Path to Knowledge Tour, Personalized Italy Arrow

The medieval Cosmati family left their mark on Rome through their development of a distinct mosaic floors, found in churches and sites throughout the city; tour guide Alessandra brings the style and history to life on a walking tour of several churches. You will start in the monumental Basilica of San Giovanni in Laterano, visiting the Scala Santa where devout Catholics crawl up the staircase on hands and knees to reach the holy Sancta Sanctorum, and finally leading you into the Basilica di San Clemente (known as the Lasagna Church), which takes you on a journey back in time the deeper you descend its subterranean levels.

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Rome Architecture Tours: Italy Walking Guide

Rome architecture walking tours, Italian building guides, City architectural walks Italy, Architects travel

Rome Architecture Tours : Guides

Architectural Guides Italy – Exclusive Italian Building Walks tailor made for Groups by e-architect.

post updated 2 April 2024

Contact us for your walking guide in Italy on isabelle(at)e-architect.com

Rome Architecture Tour: Exclusive Guided Walks

Our Rome guided tours are all tailored to suit each booking. e-architect don’t allow individuals to join established bookings. Our guided tours in the capital of Italy are all exclusive to each client.

Rome Architecture Walking Tours

If you are planning an architectural trip in Italy, please contact Isabelle at e-architect.

Visits could be combined with Florence, or further afield with Venice and Milan – we have architectural guides in all three cities.

Rome Architecture Introduction

Rome is the capital city of Italy and is located roughly in the middle of the country, on the west coast.

Famous Roman buildings include The Pantheon, St Peter’s Basilica + St Peter’s Square + Sistine Chapel, The Colosseum Building , St John Lateran – Santa Giovanni in Laterano, Santa Maria Maggiore, the Gesù church, Hadrian’s Mausoleum and the stunning San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane. These Roman buildings can all be visited on our Rome Architecture Tours .

Key contemporary Roman buildings include MAXXI : National Centre of Contemporary Arts Rome , Palazzetto dello Sport , Ara Pacis Museum , Music Complex Rome , University of Rome – Senate Building, Piazza Augusteo, Jubilee Church and the Music Auditoria.

Famous architects with buildings in the Italian capital city include Zaha Hadid Architects, Richard Meier Architects, Renzo Piano Building Workshop, Massimiliano Fuksas Architects, Basil Spence, ODBC and Luigi Moretti.

Celebrated Roman architects from the past include Bernini, Michelangelo, Borromini and Carlo Maderno.

Rome Architecture Tours

Rome Architectural Tours can focus on traditional buildings, contemporary buildings or both. The Rome Architecture Tour can be an introduction to the city’s main buildings or matched up with your group’s interests.

We are more than happy to accommodate your interests on our Rome Architecture Tours. e-architect can advise on geographical areas and building types ahead of your tour. For example a group interested in contemporary Rome office buildings, or historical Roman houses, could be provided with information allowing a tour itinerary to be agreed before their visit to Italy.

Visitors are typically met at the starting point of their architectural walking tour.

Rome Walking Tours

Contact Isabelle Lomholt to arrange your Roman architectural tour on isabelle(at)e-architect.com / mob. +44 (0)7952 149814

Recommendation, 21 Jan 2014:

Sent: 20 January 2014 23:46

Dear Isabelle

You do seem to have the knack in employing charming, knowledgeable and talented people to represent you in these tours.

The guide, like the one you provided in Barcelona, was a resounding success from the initial preparation to our meeting and walking tour. He helped us select our hotel location, plan our “free time” and gave us so much information beforehand based on our preferences of looking at past present and future. He also helped us find the best choices for eating and drinking in the evening.

His knowledge of not just the architecture but also the history and layout of Rome helped us to understand much more than if we had simply visited as tourists. He put a great deal of effort into the planning of our walks and we gained a great deal of insight as a result.

Bottom line is that we wholeheartedly recommend our guide as a representative of e-architect.

Architecture Tours

e-architect also organise architecture walking tours in other Italian cities such as Florence, Milan, Venice and Palermo. We also cover other European capitals such as Berlin, Copenhagen, London and Paris.

Architecture Walking Tours

Location: Rome , Italy, southern Europe

European Building Tours – Selection

Berlin Architecture Tours

Copenhagen Walking Tours

Barcelona Architecture Walking Tours

Recent Rome Buildings

An interesting new development in the suburbs:

An Italian classic:

Museum of Contemporary Art Rome building designed by ODBC, Paris: Museum of Contemporary Art Rome This architectural project by a well-known French architects office is mainly inscribed in the urban and architectural context. The old and the new, the exhibition spaces and the other activities connected with it, are both articulated and specifically distinct.

Rome Architecture News

Rome Architects

Rome Architecture Guide : photos of major Roman buildings

For general sightseeing we suggest you take a look at this link – guided tours in the capital of Italy .

British Embassy building designed by Scottish architect Basil Spence: British Embassy Building

Italian Architecture

Italian Architecture Studios – design firm listing

Rome Architecture Gallery

Comments / photos for the Rome Building Tours by e-architect – city walks for groups by prior arrangement only page welcome

Experience The Best of The Eternal City

Rome italy city tours.

ROME ITALY CITY TOURS

Experience the best of the eternal city, experience rome's hidden gems and iconic wonders with our rome tour guides, city rome tours.

Discover the heart of the Eternal City with our private tours of Rome. Dive into its rich tapestry, from ancient ruins to vibrant contemporary culture. With Roma Experience, you're not just visiting; you're immersing.

Wander the iconic Colosseum, admire the Pantheon's grandeur, and meander through the charming streets of Trastevere. Our private guided tours in Rome ensure you experience both the city's top attractions and its hidden treasures, known only to locals.

Our Rome private tours are more than sightseeing. They're a journey through time, enriched by stories of emperors, gladiators, and artists. Our local guides in Rome are not only knowledgeable but passionate about sharing Rome's history, architecture, and culture.

Seeking a unique perspective? Our special tours of Rome and Jewish Roma private walking tours offer insights into lesser-known areas, from the historic Jewish Ghetto to Rome's secret gardens.

At Roma Experience, we believe in personalization. Whether you're an art enthusiast, history aficionado, or a culinary explorer, our tours cater to your interests, ensuring a tailored experience that delves deep into Rome's cultural heritage.

Avoid the crowds with our skip the line access. Dive straight into world-renowned museums and landmarks without the wait. Secure, convenient, and tailored to you - that's the Roma Experience promise.  

Unearth the soul of the Eternal City on our private tours. From ancient ruins to modern vibrancy, Roma Experience ensures a deep dive into Rome's essence.

Wander the Colosseum, marvel at the Pantheon, and stroll through Trastevere's quaint streets. Our guided tours reveal both famed attractions and local secrets.

Journey through epochs, from emperors to artists, enriched by our passionate local guides. For a unique lens, our special and Jewish Roma walking tours spotlight areas like the historic Jewish Ghetto and Rome's hidden gardens.

Whatever your passion—art, history, or cuisine—we craft tours to your interests, immersing you in Rome's rich cultural tapestry.

Avoid the crowds with our skip the line access. Dive straight into world-renowned museums and landmarks without the wait. Secure, convenient, and tailored to you - that's the Roma Experience promise.

Rome City Tours

Dive deep into history with the Colosseum Underground tour. Experience exclusive access to the dungeon and the iconic arena floor for a unique Roman adventure.

With Roman Forum & Palatine Hill

Colosseum underground.

Relive Roman history: skip the line at the Colosseum, wander ancient streets, and enjoy Palatine Hill's unmatched views. Experience antiquity's marvels today.

Private Colosseum Tour

Explore Rome's ancient engineering marvels. Skip lines at the Colosseum and Pantheon. Witness age-old designs that profoundly influence today's architectural landscape.

Aqueducts - Pantheon & Colosseum

The roman architecture.

Experience Rome's dual museums: Centrale Montemartini's classical statues and the High Medieval Museum's artefacts in the modern EUR district.

Centrale Montemartini Special Tour

Ancient meets modern.

Discover Ostia Antica's secrets: wander ancient Roman roads, explore historic homes, uncover hidden temples, and admire a remarkably preserved theatre still in use today.

From Rome by Private Car

Ostia antica.

Experience art like never before with our Borghese Gallery Private Tour. Explore the masterpieces housed in the Borghese Gallery Rome for a personalized journey.

Baroque & Renaissance Art

Borghese gallery private tour.

Private tour of Colosseum and Circus Maximus. Experience their grandeur, get personalized insights from your guide, and enjoy an artisanal gelato break.

Colosseum & Circus Maximus

The games in ancient rome.

Immerse in Rome's history at the Colosseum, Vatican Museums, Trevi Fountain, and marvel at Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel. An unforgettable guided experience.

With Colosseum & Sistine Chapel

See rome in one day.

Dive into Rome's history: explore the Colosseum's epic past and Renaissance art at the Sistine Chapel with skip-the-line access on this express tour.

Express Rome Tour

Uncover Rome's lesser-known treasures: Trastevere with its vibrant murals, Tiber Island's stunning architecture, and the Jewish Ghetto, echoing with tales from bygone eras.

With Rome's Jewish Ghetto

Private tour of trastevere.

Journey through Rome's ruins, exploring legends and pivotal events. Learn how Caesar's demise led to Augustus' reign. Experience history with our private tour.

Caesar's Death to Augustus's Rise

Creating the empire.

Experience Rome's history at Capitoline Museum, the world's oldest public museum. Admire artefacts like Constantine’s bust, Marcus Aurelius' figure, and the Capitoline Wolf.

The Oldest Museum in The World

Capitoline museums.

Escape daily life to explore Ancient Rome's wonders. Venture off-track: marvel at bronze statues, emperor marble figures, and frescoes from an Empress' garden.

With Palazzo Massimo

Bath of diocletian.

A Stroll through History: Movements in Roman Architecture

Architectural tour of Rome: a run down of the most interesting buildings from each movement

The saying goes that Rome wasn’t built in a day, and almost 3000 years after its foundation it is still a work in progress. One of the most architecturally diverse Italian cities, a stroll through the streets of Rome is a stroll through history, from the arches of ancient Rome to the drama of its Baroque churches to the precise, symmetrical monuments of the Fascist era.

Ancient Roman

On everyone’s must-see list when visiting Rome are the Colosseum and the Pantheon, and for a good reason. But Ancient Roman domes and arches can be also be found further away from the crowds.

A magnificent palace built by Emperor Nero after the great fire of 64 AD destroyed much of the city, the buried Domus Aurea was rediscovered in the 15th century when a young Roman fell through a cleft in the Esquiline hillside and found himself in a cave filled with paintings. Only a small section of the original palace is available to the public, but a virtual reality reconstruction allows you to experience the halls and countryside as it would have looked.

Triumphal arches are a staple of Roman architecture, used to commemorate battles and other public events. The Palatine Hill’s Arch of Titus may look particularly familiar; since its construction in 82 AD, monuments around the world have been built in its image, such as Paris’ Arc de Triomphe and London’s Wellington Arch.

Romanesque and Gothic

The arrival of the Renaissance and Baroque meant that few examples of Romanesque or Gothic architecture remain in Rome, as many churches were significantly altered.

One of those that has survived is the Chiesa di San Saba , which was originally built in 645 by monks who had fled their monastery of St Sabas in Palestine after the islamic invasion. The church we see today was altered in the 10th century to adhere to the Romanesque style, but still retains elements of its Byzantine heritage.

The only truly Gothic church still standing in Rome is Santa Maria Sopra Minerva, designed in 1280 and modelled on Santa Maria Novella in Florence. Whilst a Renaissance facade was added in the seventeenth century, the church’s rose windows belie its unique Gothic interior; beautiful arched vaulting and striking blue and gold panelling.

Equally unmissable is the Basilica dei Santi Quattro Coronati’ s Aula Gotica, or Gothic Hall; open just a few days a month, it is home to multicoloured frescoes that were discovered in 1995 and are now considered masterpieces of the 13th Century.

Renaissance

Renaissance architecture was born in Italy, and Rome boasts some of its best examples. It represented a revival of classical ideas, which are embodied in the harmonious and precise Tempietto , a commemorative tomb designed by Donato Bramante – the architect behind St Peter’s Basilica. More sculpture than building, it is nestled in the quiet courtyard of San Pietro in Montorio, on the Janiculum hill.

Palazzo Massimo alle Colonne is a Renaissance palace with an interesting history; its elegant facade is a convex curve as it was built upon the ruins of the stadium of Domitian. Inside, open one day a year, is a small chapel where young Paolo was said to have been briefly resurrected by San Philip Neri. Also designed by Peruzzi is the stunning Villa Farnesina in the heart of Trastevere, which is home to many Raphael frescoes.

The Baroque is everywhere in Rome, from Piazza Navona to St Peter’s Square. Built in 1568, the sumptuous Chiesa del Gesu is considered the first example of truly Baroque architecture, with its classically influenced facade and fresco filled interior.

Francesco Borromini and Gian Lorenzo Bernini, two of the key Baroque architects, collaborated on the magnificent Palazzo Barberini , now home to La Galleria Nazionale d’Arte Antica. Borromini’s helicoidal staircase is an architectural highlight.

Sant’Ivo alla Sapienza , another creation of Boromini’s, was originally built for Rome’s Sapienza University; the floor plan resembles the Star of David, symbolising wisdom. The church exudes harmony; even its facade is curved and appears to complete the courtyard in which it is situated. Equally harmonious is Bernini’s Sant’Andrea al Quirinale, which he considered one of his most perfect works; the unusual oval structure, found on the Quirinal Hill, represents a union of architecture, painting and sculpture.

Neoclassical

Rome’s fixation on its classical past continued into the 19th century with the Neoclassical movement. The most famous example of this is probably the extravagant Altare della Patria in Piazza Venezia, but off the beaten track there are some true gems. To the east of the centre, in Nomentana, is Villa Torlonia , a neoclassical villa and gardens which were rented as a state residence by the Torlonia family for 1 lira a year to Mussolini. The park is worth visiting in its own right; symmetrical avenues lead away from the house towards exotic plants, unusual outbuildings and ponds.

Also to the East, in the studenty San Lorenzo district, is the Campo Verano , an extravagant 19th century cemetery. The large mausoleums are dotted amongst the cypress trees and stone pines, and the place exudes a sense of serenity.

Art Nouveau

Quartiere Coppede is an architectural curiosity that can be seen just by wondering through the Trieste area. It consists of about 40 structures designed in the Art Nouveau style – or Libertà, as it is known in Italy – by Gino Coppede between 1913 and 1927. These are largely inspired by nature and give the quarter a sense of the fantastical and fairytale.

Galleria Sciarra , on the other hand, is an indoor experience, initially designed in 1882 as a shopping centre. The best time to visit is the evening – it’s open until 8pm – as the light coming through the glass and iron ceiling illuminates the brightly coloured frescoes that cover the walls of the courtyard.

If Fascism hadn’t fallen, Rome would look very different; designed by Fascist architects in the 1930s, the EUR district was intended as the new city centre. Its most iconic building is the Palazzo della Civiltà Italiana – now the headquarters of fashion house Fendi – intended as a modern take on the Colosseum to recall the grandeur of ancient Rome.

Also worth seeing is the main campus of La Sapienza University of Rome , which was commissioned by Mussolini and boasts the same grand scale, crisp lines and white marble.

Contemporary

While Rome isn’t famous for its contemporary architecture, there are some must-sees; Zaha Hadid’s MAXXI – Museum of 21st Century Art – won the Stirling Prize for architecture in 2010, and Richard Meier’s Ara Pacis Museum, the first great architectural venture in the centre of Rome since Fascism, has generated significant controversy.

Further out, but also worth a visit are Meier’s Jubilee Church and Sartogo and Grenon’s Chiesa del Santo Volto di Gesu in the Portuense neighbourhood.

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We’ve teamed up with C-Rome for a tour through Rome’s striking modern architecture. We visit impressive contemporary buildings created by “Star architects”, and unveil the innovative modern side Rome that is sometimes overshadowed by ancient masterpieces .

Photo credit: AFP

Tickets in advance!

Because of ticket supply problems following the end of Covid restrictions, it is strongly advised that you  buy tickets and tours in advance to visit attractions in Rome.

Buy your tickets now to avoid disappointment.

Find anything you save across the site in your account

Tour the Pantheon, Rome’s Architectural Marvel

By Lee F. Mindel, FAIA

When I was around 14 my parents took me to Rome. I don’t remember much about the trip except for an overcast day when we made an obligatory visit to the Pantheon, which initially seemed like another dark and ominous monument. But once inside, standing beneath its dome, with natural light streaming in through the oculus, I found myself, for the first time ever, totally mesmerized by my physical surroundings.

Completed around a.d. 125, under Emperor Hadrian, the Pantheon was an extraordinary feat of architecture for its time, and nearly 2,000 years later it remains one of the world’s most important structures. A tour de force of engineering, the building was constructed using progressively lighter materials, with travertine at the base, unreinforced concrete for the coffered dome, and a lightweight pumice mixture at the top.

So much is uncertain about the origins of the Pantheon, including the name of the person who designed it. We do know that in the seventh century it was converted into a Catholic church, one reason it has been so well preserved.

For centuries architects from Andrea Palladio to Thomas Jefferson to Richard Meier have been profoundly influenced by the Pantheon’s dome and columned portico. Meier—a friend and a former instructor of mine at Harvard as well as the designer of Rome’s Ara Pacis Museum and Jubilee Church—once told me, "One of my all-time favorite experiences was when I had the opportunity to climb a ladder to the Pantheon’s dome, right up to the oculus."

While in Rome on a recent trip, I stopped in and found that the Pantheon still leaves me awestruck. Here is a building with no windows except an opening to the sky, yet it feels more open than any modernist glass box. Peter Bohlin, the architect behind Apple stores around the world, visits the Pantheon as often as possible. "It is constantly changing because of the nature and angle of the light from its oculus," he remarks. "It is a reminder of how powerful and moving a building can be."

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• Private tours

Mussolini’s Fascist Rome – An Architecture Walking Tour Around EUR District

Foro Italico

Square colosseum, rome city center, piazza venezia, via dei fori imperiali.

what's included

• Bus and walking tour
• Expert tour guide

what's not included

• Pick up and drop off 

meeting point

Accessibility.

Private tours are available to meet these needs, on request. 

cancellation policy

Passing Thru Travel

Discover Rome – A Comprehensive 12-Step Traveler’s Guide

Posted: February 28, 2024 | Last updated: February 28, 2024

Rome, where history and modernity intertwine seamlessly, offers an unparalleled journey through time. Known as the Eternal City, Rome is a living museum boasting ancient ruins, Renaissance art, and vibrant street life. This guide will navigate you through Rome’s most iconic landmarks and hidden gems, ensuring a well-rounded experience of this timeless city. From the grandeur of the Colosseum to the charm of Trastevere’s narrow streets, get ready to explore the depths of Rome’s rich history and culture.

1. The Colosseum

The Colosseum, an enduring symbol of ancient Roman engineering and architecture, is a must-visit. Once the arena for gladiator battles, it now stands as a monument to Rome’s imperial past. Exploring the Colosseum, you can almost hear the roaring crowds’ echoes and gladiator swords’ clashing. Its massive structure and complex history make it a fascinating site for history enthusiasts and casual visitors.

Insider’s Tip: Purchase a combined ticket with entry to the Roman Forum and Palatine Hill to make the most of your visit.

How To Get There: The Colosseum is conveniently accessible via the Colosseo metro station.

Best Time To Travel: Visit during the off-peak seasons, in early spring or late fall, to avoid the crowds and extreme heat.

2. Vatican City

Vatican City, the heart of the Catholic world, is a sovereign state within Rome. Home to the Pope, the Vatican is also a treasure trove of artistic and cultural riches. The Vatican Museums house a vast collection of art and historical pieces, including the Sistine Chapel with Michelangelo’s famous ceiling. St. Peter’s Basilica, with its impressive dome designed by Michelangelo, is an architectural masterpiece offering panoramic views of Rome from its summit.

Insider’s Tip: Reserve a guided tour for early morning to access the Sistine Chapel before it opens to the general public.

How To Get There: Reach Vatican City via the Ottaviano metro station, followed by a short walk.

Best Time To Travel: Visit during the winter months to avoid long lines and crowded spaces.

3. The Pantheon

The Pantheon, an impressive feat of ancient Roman architecture, is known for its perfectly proportioned dome, the largest unreinforced concrete dome in the world. Originally built as a temple to all gods, it now serves as a church and a tomb for notable figures, including the artist Raphael. The building’s harmonious proportions and the oculus, a circular opening at the dome’s apex, create a unique and awe-inspiring interior atmosphere.

Insider’s Tip: Visit on a rainy day to see the captivating sight of rain falling through the oculus and evaporating before it hits the ground.

How To Get There: The Pantheon is centrally located and best reached by foot from other nearby attractions like Piazza Navona.

Best Time To Travel: Early mornings or late afternoons are less crowded, offering a more serene experience.

4. Trevi Fountain

The Trevi Fountain, an iconic baroque masterpiece, is not only a visual spectacle but also a testament to Rome’s historical relationship with water. The fountain, featuring the god Oceanus, stands at the end of the Aqua Virgo aqueduct and is one of the oldest water sources in Rome. According to legend, throwing a coin over your shoulder into the fountain ensures a return to Rome.

Insider’s Tip: Visit the fountain at night when it’s beautifully illuminated and less crowded.

How To Get There: The Trevi Fountain is within walking distance from the Barberini metro station.

Best Time To Travel: Early morning or late evening visits allow you to appreciate the fountain’s beauty without the crowds.

5. Roman Forum

Once the center of public and political life in ancient Rome, the Roman Forum is a sprawling complex of ruins. Walking through the Forum, you’re tracing the steps of Roman emperors and citizens amidst temples, arches, and government buildings that once defined the city’s daily life. The site offers a profound sense of history, as each ruin has its own story, contributing to the narrative of Rome’s glorious past. The Forum appeals to history buffs and anyone seeking to understand the depth of Rome’s historical significance.

Insider’s Tip: Climb the Palatine Hill for a panoramic view of the entire Forum area.

How To Get There: The Roman Forum is close to the Colosseum and can be accessed easily from the Colosseo metro station.

Best Time To Travel: Visit early in the morning to avoid the heat and crowds, especially in summer.

6. Trastevere

Trastevere, known for its narrow cobblestone streets and medieval charm, offers a glimpse into the more traditional side of Rome. This vibrant neighborhood, with its ivy-clad buildings, artisan shops, and trattorias, has a unique character and laid-back atmosphere. Walking through Trastevere, you’ll find hidden piazzas, historic churches, and local markets, each adding to the area’s enchanting appeal. It’s an ideal place to enjoy authentic Roman cuisine and experience the city’s lively nightlife.

Insider’s Tip: Dine at a local trattoria for a traditional Roman meal away from the tourist-heavy areas.

How To Get There: Trastevere is easily accessible by bus or tram, but exploring on foot from the city center offers a more immersive experience.

Best Time To Travel

Evening time is perfect for experiencing Trastevere’s lively atmosphere, while daytime offers a quieter exploration of the neighborhood.

7. Galleria Borghese

The Galleria Borghese is one of Rome’s most remarkable art galleries, housing a substantial collection of sculptures and paintings. Located in the lush Borghese Park, the gallery includes masterpieces by artists such as Bernini, Caravaggio, and Raphael. The villa is an architectural sensation, and the surrounding gardens provide a peaceful retreat from the city’s hustle and bustle.

Insider’s Tip: Booking tickets in advance is essential, as the gallery limits the number of visitors to preserve the tranquil atmosphere.

How To Get There: The gallery is located in the Borghese Park, reachable by bus or a pleasant walk through the park from the city center.

Best Time To Travel: Weekday visits usually mean fewer visitors, providing a more intimate viewing experience.

8. Campo de’ Fiori Market

Campo de’ Fiori is a bustling marketplace by day and a lively social square by night. The market offers a range of fresh produce, flowers, spices, and Italian specialties, making it a colorful and sensory experience. Exploring the market, you’ll find everything from local cheeses and cured meats to artisanal pastas and oils. It’s not just a place for shopping; it’s a vibrant part of Roman life where locals and tourists mingle.

Insider’s Tip: Visit early in the morning to see the most lively market and get the best selection of fresh produce.

How To Get There: Campo de’ Fiori is centrally located and within walking distance from many major sites, including Piazza Navona.

Best Time To Travel: The market operates every morning except Sundays.

9. Spanish Steps

The Spanish Steps, an architectural and cultural icon of Rome, connect the Piazza di Spagna at the base with the Piazza Trinità dei Monti at the top. Climbing the steps offers a delightful view of the city’s rooftops. It is a popular spot for locals and tourists to gather. The steps are not just a passageway but a place to pause, enjoy the atmosphere, and people-watch.

Insider’s Tip: Visit during spring when the steps are adorned with beautiful flowers, enhancing their iconic charm.

How To Get There: The Spanish Steps are a short walk from the Spagna metro station, easily accessible from various parts of the city.

Best Time To Travel: Early mornings or late evenings offer a more peaceful experience, as the steps can be crowded during the day.

10. Piazza Navona

With its stunning Baroque architecture, Piazza Navona is one of Rome’s most famous squares. Once a Roman stadium, the piazza is lined with restaurants, gelaterias, and bustling cafes today. Its centerpiece is the Fountain of the Four Rivers, designed by Bernini, representing the world’s major rivers across four continents. The square is a feast for the eyes and a hub of artistic and cultural activity, often hosting street artists, painters, and musicians.

Insider’s Tip: Enjoy a coffee or aperitivo at one of the cafes surrounding the piazza for prime people-watching and a view of the fountains.

How To Get There: Piazza Navona is centrally located and best reached on foot from other nearby attractions in the city center.

Best Time To Travel: Visit in the late afternoon or early evening to enjoy the lively atmosphere and beautiful lighting.

11. The Catacombs

Rome’s catacombs are ancient underground burial places that offer a unique glimpse into early Christian history and burial practices. The Catacombs of San Callisto and San Sebastiano are among the most visited, featuring miles of underground passageways and tombs. A guided tour of the catacombs provides insight into the fascinating and somewhat eerie world beneath Rome’s streets.

Insider’s Tip: Wear comfortable shoes as the tours involve walking through narrow and sometimes uneven passageways.

How To Get There: The catacombs are located outside the city center, accessible by bus or a combination of metro and bus.

Best Time To Travel: The catacombs maintain a cool temperature year-round, making them a good visit any time, but they are less crowded during the off-peak seasons.

12. Castel Sant’Angelo

Castel Sant’Angelo, initially built as a mausoleum for Emperor Hadrian, has served various roles throughout history, including a fortress, a papal residence, and now a museum. The castle offers a rich history to explore, along with stunning views of the city and the Tiber River from its terrace. The bridge leading to the castle, Ponte Sant’Angelo, is adorned with beautiful angel statues and provides a picturesque approach to the fortress.

Insider’s Tip: Visit in the late afternoon to experience the sunset from the castle’s terrace, offering one of the best views in Rome.

How To Get There: The castle is within walking distance from Vatican City and is easily accessible by foot or public transport.

Best Time To Travel: Early morning or late afternoon visits are recommended to avoid crowds and to enjoy the view in the best light.

The Bottom Line

Rome is not just a city; it’s a living museum, a testament to the grandeur of human civilization. Each cobblestone street, ancient ruin, and magnificent artwork tells a story of a past era, inviting you to be a part of its ongoing narrative. As you wander through Rome, remember that you’re walking in the footsteps of emperors, artists, poets, and philosophers.

Your journey through this eternal city is an exploration into the heart of human history and creativity. Embrace each moment, savor each experience, and let Rome’s timeless beauty inspire and enchant you. Buon viaggio!

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The post Discover Rome – A Comprehensive 12-Step Traveler’s Guide republished on Passing Thru with permission from The Green Voyage .

Featured Image Credit: Shutterstock / S.Borisov.

For transparency, this content was partly developed with AI assistance and carefully curated by an experienced editor to be informative and ensure accuracy.

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