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Hospital visitation rights: family members and partners

By HealthSherpa

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When you’re hospitalized, a few important questions come up. What are my hospital visitation rights? Who is allowed to visit me in the hospital? Who can make medical decisions for me when I’m unable to? Over the years, laws have changed and been updated so we want to highlight what you can expect during a hospitalization.

What are my hospital visitation rights?

Since 2011, federal regulations requires any hospital accepting Medicare and Medicaid to allow patients to say who they want as visitors. And this includes the majority of hospitals. The patient’s wishes must be respected regardless of gender, sexual orientation, or relationship. General hospital rules regarding visiting hours will be enforced. However, the enforcement will not discriminate according to relationship.

In addition, if you’re a hospital patient, you may choose someone to act as your advocate. This person can ask questions, speak to doctors on your behalf, and generally become part of your care team.

When do hospital visitation rights get blurry?

Confusion can still come up if you are hospitalized and unable to communicate. And you do not have any signed documents on file with your physician or primary care provider. This can be especially problematic if you don’t have a trusted family member who will show up and make medical decisions on your behalf. Without you being able to make this decision, state rules vary about who can make medical decisions for you. This role may be limited to people related to you by legal marriage or blood, depending on your state’s policies.

Furthermore, under the HIPAA Privacy Rule , if you are unable to give consent, providers can use their judgment regarding who they share your information with. And they do not have to share it with any specific person.

As a patient, what legal documents do I need to protect my rights?

You will need to draw up a Medical Power of Attorney or Health Care Proxy. This allows you to designate an advocate (or two) to make medical decisions on your behalf when you’re unable to. You can also revoke this document at any time, and it only applies in instances where you are incapacitated. It’s also helpful to create an Advance Directive. This includes your personal health care wishes that you want that person to base their decisions on. Rules for these documents differ between states, and you can look up your state’s forms here .

The rules surrounding medical care are complex and shifting but many of today’s laws work on behalf of supporting the patient’s wishes. Our Consumer Advocates are always available to help you understand your rights regarding healthcare coverage as well as general health policies.

[…] Bring an advocate with you to the hospital. Ask that person to have an ongoing conversation with your insurance plan and hospital personnel when you’re unable to do so yourself. […]

[…] need to be made quickly. So if your friend brings you to the emergency room, the medical staff can share information with that person about your immediate medical condition. They will not; however, allow your friend […]

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My significant other’s wishes were adhered to in the hospice as long as she was alert and conscious. When she became un-alert and semi-conscious her family banned me from visiting her. She died in the hospice a week later and I was told I would be arrested if I attended her funeral. The family was angry that she started dating (me) after her husband died and did not want to provide child care for her family’s grandchildren, as she and her husband had done for several years. This occurred in a large Catholic hospital with chaplains and social workers on hospice staff. Before she entered the hospice I and visiting nurses cared for her at home. Beware of vindictive and malicious family members. Hospital staffs do whatever they request, you are just a nuisance as the long time friend.

My son-in-law, who is still vindictive and malicious had hospitals ban me from visiting my daughter even when she could talk and communicate herself. He threatened her that he would stop seeing and caring for her if she said I could visit. The hospital carried out all of his wishes. If it had not been for my insistence on visiting anyway, she would have died alone.

I am having similar issues. My sister suffered an Aneurysm and her memory has been foggy since, going to be a long recovery and her husband is being a complete a**. He is, “the husband”, far from the sharpest tool in the shed. He’s always been a little to insecure and involved in all aspects of her life, she can’t even have a conversation on the phone without him inserting himself. He’s not liked by most that meet him, one neighbor told me, “he thinks he’s the king of the block.” Even his own family has had issues, son went as far as changing last name to disassociate himself from him but here we are with him making all her decisions. I truly think my sister has stayed because she feels sorry for him, she definitely can and did do better in the past. But this fool is also trying to control everything and me and my mom are jumping through hoops to prevent from getting banned. I pray my sister recovers 100% because all his actions might be the straw that broke her back. 🤞🏽 He’s gone as far as preventing us from maintaining my sister’s bills because he can handle it, then turns around and creates a go fund me page 😡 using my sisters name and image. Praying that he doesn’t ever gain the power to have us banned, I worry about her care under his authority.

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Dose anyone no a lawyer cuz lawyer I call at malpractice n need something bad to happen. Frist like an injery they not letting me or my mom visit do to his condition now he told them they can talk to me n my mom about what’s rong he’s is a drug addict but he’s there for amonna we were seeing him for 4 days now no one aloud to come they thretin to have me arested for trust passing but u still can walk into his room so I do so there not keeping him safe the drug dealer still going to walk in it’s just my mom wwho respect there rules when I go up they not giving him his meds for he’s sugger a few times already we came n he has not eat because they didn’t bring it or never gave him his inclin so he won’t eat I need help finding a lawyer in new York City for visit in hospital not family Court

my fried has a son , who is in the hospital (NJ) he is 28 has no children of his own and NO spouse… he isher only child .. no they wont let his mother come visit because she not his spouse … discrimination?????

That’s crazy.

My wife is in the hospital and its gonna be a few days before she gets out .she has pancreatitis and is in need of plasma .as her husband they say I cant be with her..she is terrified to be alone throught this due to the covid there is a no visitor rule…is this legal?

Sorry to hear about your wife! There are extenuating circumstances right now, so many hospitals have temporarily removed visitation rights. It is legal.

why couldnt they wheel th patient down to th lobby in a wheel chair? my wife had a touchup surgery from a bk amputation, shes fine, sitting up arguing w th nurses lol, nothing stopping her from moving around, theyr waiting for test results of infections. told us maybe 1 overnight, turns out definitely, thn 2, now 3 more. no answers being answered directly, neither surgeon or infection specialists know wtf to do. shes scared sh*tless n panicking. theyr worried her bp is going up higher n higher- they clueless n thinking of more meds… i mentioned bring her to me in th lobby for 5minutes n see th instant changes… we are a cpl days away from green phase, they wont budge! im ready to drive my truck through th building!

That sounds really tough! It sounds like these restrictions will be cleared soon in your state.

No, it is not legal. Those are policies. There are laws that protect patients and loved ones from those cruel, unfair policies.

you need to sue them for that. NO Doctor has a right to bar you from your wife, NO DOCTOR AT ALL! If that were my wife i’d be dragging them to federal court. It doesn’t matter WHAT your wife is giong through, You have EVERY RIGHT To see her in the medical system. REGARDLESS!

Wondering if the hospital is allowed to deny my mother being with me in the hospital during the delivery of my first child since she is blood. This shouldn’t be a concern however lately it has been! And what can I do to ensure my patient rights are respected?

A lot of hospitals are not allowing visitors because of the risks of COVID-19. You’ll have to talk to the hospital about this.

Trust and believe me I will and if they don’t my family will be forcing our way in you can not refuse me service or I’ll sue their whole organization for slander and for grievance pay

In general covid put aside can a spouse decide who can visit the other spouse at the hospital?

It’s up to the patient to determine who can visit them at the hospital. But a patient may choose someone to act as their advocate. This person can ask questions, speak to doctors on your behalf, and generally become part of your care team.

So my husbands father was murdered when he was 14 the only parent he has left is his mother she only has a week to live drive from Canada to California and the tell him they already made the exception for his half sister so he can’t go in and say his good bye know tell me if this is some bull…. I his wife am a nurse I understand the COVID stuff but this is immediate family same blood and you can’t let one and not the other unless you want siblings fighting when they should be their for each other tell me if this isn’t WRONG

The hospital rules right now are really tough for a lot of people. Many hospitals are only allowing one visitor total. I’m sorry for your situation, and I recommend you speak to the hospital about this.

My partner of 25 years suffered a stroke. He at his best REVOKED his mother of all powers of ATTORNEY had it notarized and sent by mail to the hospital banks and one to her. This was well documented to every party involed. I as his partner began making all the best medical decisions for him. The doctors were gonna let him die but I signed the papers and he had surgery is still alive today. His mother is a genuine NARCISSISTIC behavior. My partner would have lucid phases. At times wasn’t sure reality from floating tables. Anyhow his mother closed his bank accounts took possession of the home we shared. Convinced one nurse she was his agent showing a 5 year old power of attorney. And will not tell no family or friends where she put him. She will not discuss it. I fear for him. She was revoked. What can I do. It’s been 6 months and I’ve tried everything to find him. She’s the only one. And she’s 92. Help!!! I love him

My boyfriend of 8 years was admitted into hospital 23 days ago, and has some confusion and disorientation at times. I would visit him at lunch and dinner to bring him food and feed him if he was hungry and give him some company. They can’t find his glasses and can’t watch TV because his bed obstructs his view, who wouldn’t be disorientated. Yesterday the Dr came in and told me that I wasn’t allowed to visit him or receive updates anymore because I am not married to him and his brother is the next of kin and removed me from the visiting list. I was verbally attacked in the hospital parking lot by his brother confronted with lies about me. How I was responsible for his condition and then verbally and physically attacked by his mother with a cane, one hit to my side. My partner knows I am there and definately would want me to visit. What are my rights? Is he able to say that he wants me to visit? And if he does can I?

If your partner can communicate, he can let them now he wants you to visit. Since 2011, federal regulations requires any hospital accepting Medicare and Medicaid to allow patients to say who they want as visitors. And this includes the majority of hospitals. Confusion can still come up if you are hospitalized and unable to communicate. And you do not have any signed documents on file with your physician or primary care provider. This can be especially problematic if you don’t have a trusted family member who will show up and make medical decisions on your behalf. Without you being able to make this decision, state rules vary about who can make medical decisions for you. This role may be limited to people related to you by legal marriage or blood, depending on your state’s policies.

So if my partner brings me to the ER do I have the right to share only certain medical issues with her from the Doctors?

Yes, you are under no legal obligation to share your medical issues with her and your doctors are not obligated to share any medical information about you with her either.

Hello can anyone tell me if it is illegal to not allow the family of a possibly dying persons (24 hours to live) not be able to visit? Said it was my wishes and that I told my co- Ordinator I didn’t want to see anyone. Lie !!!!! thank Goodness everything turned out well, I am so mad and wondering if a violation of the law was committed. Transplant went very well but I spent most of the time by myself 🙂 made as hell. TT

So a month ago my dad passed away in the hospital from covid/pneumonia. During his whole stay no one at all was allowed to see him, even when he was in ICU contained in a room with glass. The day that he died my family was allowed to see him through the glass after he had passed. This makes no sense to me at all. Should I take legal action???

Due to COVID-19, there are legal rules like this in place to reduce spread within hospitals to those who are sick or immunocompromised. Sorry for your loss.

It is happening to us right now. At a Pittsburgh VA hospital.

My son in law is dying with ards. HVH wont allow family to come and go one at a time to visit. he could die tonight. Charge Nurses should kind and gentle. I know I was a nurse for m40 years.

I’m very sorry to hear that.

My 89 year old Father was recently taken to the ER by ambulance. We instructed them not to admit him until we got there and discussed it. They were supposed to meet up with another ambulance to do an EKG and discuss the results with us. My Mother has MPA over my Father. He suffers extreme PTSD, Anxiety, and Clastrophobia. He also has coherency issues. To further complicate things he is unable to sleep in a bed for the past 12 years and has been confined to a medical recliner and power chair.

When we arrived at the hospital we told them that Mom had an MPA and that he had PTSD, Anxiety, etc….. They said doe to Covid she couldn’t go back. We mentioned again that we needed to speak with charge nurse so that we could relay everything. After waiting 45 minutes a Dr. called to ask questions and probably new less than a 1st year nurse. The questions were ridiculous. We again relayed the PTSD etc. and specifically the MPA. We also told him he was overdue to for his anxiety meds. To no avail in speaking with someone. In the interim we find out later they were forcing him down on a bed holding him down and somewhere along the lines infected him with something to calm him down apparently. He was highly agitated and finally 10 hours later after he had been transferred to an “Observation Room” a floor nurse called to say he was super riled up and if Mom could come down. This is our first conversation with someone at the hospital since the Doctor. 9 hours prior. He at this point is over 13 hours past his needed anxiety and pain meds for his back. Once we got there he looked like he had been beat up. We convince them to let him go after a the blood work finally came back and a Dr. Cleared him. By 12:30 am he was released. Set him back multiple years on control of the PTSD barely sleeps and is agitated most of the time. Also, he never agreed to be admitted and asked several times

My question is relatively simple. At what point does the hospital have to acknowledge the MPA and ask the family for supporting information that could help in the treatment and explain excessive agitation, yelps of pain, etc.. If they had only talked to us even by phone we could have relayed this additional information on his back etc. Again, we did tell the Dr. but I think he was too busy to pay attention and listen.

We spoke tot the Patient Advocate (Hospital employee ) and they of course said their investigation said they followed all guidelines. We asked why they didn’t even come out or call to get background information and we got “Crickets” then is there anything else.

Thanks for any helpful information on what our possible courses of actions are.

Hello, My father was admitted to a local hospital on Saturday night after experiencing a week-long manic episode that escalated to him not sleeping or eating. He was transferred yesterday to an inpatient psychiatric facility in a neighboring city. He does not have his cell phone. My sister, uncle and I have tried calling the hospital to talk to him, but keep being told we have to have a pin (no one in our family has this pin, despite all three of us being given clearance to receive his medical information at the previous hospital). I was told tonight that my dad has to call someone and give them the pin. However, when I asked what happens if he isn’t cognitively healthy enough to call someone, she started repeating “I can’t confirm or deny if he’s here.” I asked if he will be prompted each day to call someone and she again said “I can’t confirm or…” My question for you is what we are supposed to do if he is unable to make the decision to call someone. I was also told there are no visiting hours. So, we have no idea what is happening to him, what state he is in (mentally or physically), how long he will be there, if he’s being treated, etc. Is there anything we can do? Thank you.

I am in the same boat as all who posted. I didn’t ask to get sick, my taxes help support these hospitals etc, but to be scared,lying in a bed knocking at heavens door and to be told sorry sir you are denied any contact with the people who actually love you. You think they could double designate a hospital to COVID patients and give a designated family member the same protection as the medical stafff have. It’s quite obvious this COVID pandemic isn’t as bad as they say it is as I know from personal experience That these icu nurses are allowed to go home with no restrictions and go about mingling with the general public etc. mean while a 1 family number is a risk but not the 1,000’s of medical staff in and out. So why not put patients and staff with COVID in 1 hospital or 2 and have dyeing/ sick people the last few days etc with their loved one designated etc. may god forgive the people who neglect to see that patients are imprisoned from their life as their only crime was getting sick and these medical decision makers play god with no regard to a human need of love from their family

My father is in a care facility after an aneurysm. His wife has banned all FaceTime and visiting from my sister and myself. She allows FT and visiting my other siblings. She also said before Christmas she would take him Off life support. She did not she uses my father to control. The care facility said we can only do FT with a password. However she calls the facility to know who has called. We always had a good and caring relationship with my father. I live in another country and FT was the only way to visit him— also with Covid situation. Is there any transparent Legal Help for helpless situations? Apparently we need to see a judge.

My boyfriend is in the process of getting a divorced unfortunately he is in CCU on a ventilator, and she made a restriction list for visitors and won’t let me see him. Is there a way that I can fight this?

My brother has a wife of 30 years and a girlfriend of 30 years. He’s hospitalized and conscious and very aware of what’s going on. He doesn’t want his wife to stop his girlfriend from visiting him in the event the wife gets angry and tries to keep the girlfriend out. The wife has definitely threatened to tell the hospital about the situation. She even said she going to tell them to ban the girlfriend. We’re from Georgia. Can the wife ban the girlfriend?

hi i need some advice my boyfriend of 4 years is in roseville point and wellness center and i am the only one he has and e had a brain stem bleed so the place where he is at is doing things to him when he dont want it to be done so i speek up for him and they did not like that so they put a no trustpassing order on me and i have not seen my boyfrend for almost 2 months they wont even let me call him i am the only one he has please if anyone can give me some advice on what to do to be able to see my boyfriend again i would really apprate it

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Dos and don’ts of visiting someone in the hospital

Author: Sean Ankrom, MD

• Health and Wellness

When a friend, family member or loved one is in the hospital, your first instinct is to visit them and show your respects, whether it be due to an illness, injury or accident. Stepping into the hospital environment can be intimidating and scary. Here are some things you should remember when visiting a hospital patient.

What are the most common things that hospital visitors do that they shouldn't?

It's very important to not overstay your welcome when visiting a hospitalized patient. Patients need rest during their stay, and hosting visitors for an extended period can be draining--both physically and emotionally. The length of the visit should be proportional to how well you know the patient, but I’d recommend limiting the visit to one hour or less. If a physician enters during your visit, it's polite to step outside of the room until the conversation is over.

When is the best time to visit someone in the hospital?

The best time to visit a hospitalized patient is in the early evening. The hospital is typically humming with activity throughout the day, when patients are often scheduled for tests, procedures and staff are frequently entering and exiting the room. Toward late afternoon, the hospital tends to slow down a bit. By visiting later in the day, you'll have a better chance of having an uninterrupted visit. Weekends are another great opportunity to visit, as the hospital is usually quieter.

What are a few important things visitors should do before/after visiting the hospital?

Before traveling to the hospital, call to check the visitation policy. Certain units have strict visiting hours and some have policies that restrict the number of visitors. It’s common for young children to be restricted from visiting. If you have any signs of illness, such as fever, runny nose, nasal congestion or cough, it’s recommended that you postpone your visit until you’re well. After arriving at the hospital, check in with the nurse before entering the room to see if any personal protective equipment is required to prevent communicable disease. Washing your hands or using hand sanitizer when you enter or exit a hospital room is one of the most important things you can do to prevent the spread of germs.

Is it OK to bring gifts?

Bringing gifts is a fantastic idea, but isn’t necessary. The presence of a familiar face is often the best present a patient can receive in the hospital. If you do choose to bring a gift, bear in mind that hospital rooms are often small and storage space is limited. A large bouquet of flowers or balloons may seem like a nice gesture, but it may end up making the room feel crowded. Before visiting, I recommend checking in with the patient or a family member to see if they have any gift requests. Maybe there’s a book they’ve been wanting to read, a new issue of a favorite magazine or newspaper, or a small item that reminds them of home that you can bring in. Coloring books, puzzle books and card games also make nice gifts. If you’re thinking about bringing in outside food, check with the nurse or physician first. Patients are often on specialized medical diets and may have certain dietary restrictions. Sean Ankrom is a hospitalist at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center.

• View our comprehensive guide to make your visit as a patient or visitor as effortless as possible. Learn more

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How Hospital Visitation Policies Are Changing During COVID-19

Er Productions Limited / Getty Images

Key Takeaways:

• Since March, hospitals have implemented strict visitation policies, which have profoundly impacted patients and their families. 
• Now, hospitals nationwide are slowly relaxing their protocols and seeking feasible ways to manage the emotional needs of patients while preventing the spread of COVID-19.
• Restrictive hospital visitation can leave patients without an advocate and physical support from their loved ones. 

It was May 15 when Emily Schmitz's 78-year-old father was first admitted to the hospital for small bowel obstruction surgery. Despite her father testing negative for COVID-19, Schmitz says she and her siblings were not permitted to see him due to the hospital's strict visitation policies.

Schmitz, who owns a communications agency in Austin, Texas, tells Verywell that initially, her father was doing well, but he quickly deteriorated—showing signs of confusion—which concerned her and her siblings. Soon they were making countless phone calls to the hospital to ensure their father’s needs were met, including a request for water. 

"[My sister] asked every day to see him, especially when his mental and physical state was deteriorating, and they still would not allow her to see him and advocate for better care for him," she says. Eventually, on May 21, the hospital allowed Schmitz's sister to visit their father, but only for the day.

Growing more concerned about her father's condition, Schmitz flew in from Texas, but upon arriving at the hospital, she was denied visitation. She decided to take matters into her hands. “I took it all the way to the hospital administrator and it took that to have someone listen to us,” Schmitz says. “It was pretty frustrating.”

On May 29, the hospital finally allowed Schmitz and her siblings to visit their father, who at that point, was in critical condition in the intensive care unit (ICU). They wore masks and gloves and were only allowed to visit for 10 minutes.

Their father passed away the next day—alone—not from the small bowel obstruction for which he was originally admitted, but from severe sepsis with septic shock.

“Families know their loved one and know when something is not right,” Schmitz says. “So, not being able to have somebody there for the patient is where hospital systems are falling really short.”

After months of restrictive visitation policies, patients and their families are speaking out about COVID-19's emotional toll. Now, hospitals nationwide are responding by slowly relaxing their protocols, and implementing new strategies to keep families connected. 

What This Means For You

If you or your loved one needs to visit the hospital, check with your local hospital to review their updated COVID-19 visitation policies. Phone and video calls are good ways to stay connected, but your local hospital may have different resources to help families cope with the distance.

How Strict Are Visitation Policies Now?

At the beginning of the pandemic, most hospitals implemented strict no-visitor rules to curb the spread of COVID-19. A July study, published in The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine , found that out of 48 Michigan hospitals, 39% prohibited visitors without exception and 59% only allowed visitors under “certain exceptions.” These certain exceptions often meant end-of-life situations or the birth of a child. Hospital systems set their own individual policies, but federal organizations like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have released COVID-19 guidelines for healthcare facilities.

After several reports about the negative ways visitation policies have impacted patients and their families, some hospitals are beginning to loosen their restrictions, while still requiring visitors to take the necessary COVID-19 precautions like wearing masks. For example, for inpatient units, MedStar Health System, located in Maryland and Washington D.C., now allows patients one visitor per day, but only if that patient doesn't have COVID-19.

For Mothers and Babies

“Initially, we implemented a draconian approach, which was to almost completely shut down all visitors, except for the mother’s significant other,” Jorge E. Perez, MD , neonatologist and co-founder of Kidz Medical Services, tells Verywell.

According to Perez, who also serves as medical director of neonatal and newborn services at South Miami Hospital in Florida, the visitor would have to stay isolated in the mother’s room until the mother and baby were discharged. If the visitor left the hospital, they would be unable to return.

While the one visitor-per-patient rule remains in effect at South Miami Hospital, if that visitor leaves the hospital, they are now permitted to return. 

Similar strict policies were common in other hospitals, especially during the height of the pandemic, when COVID-19’s impact on babies was relatively unknown. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), while most newborns who contract the virus have either mild or no symptoms, there have been reports of newborns who develop severe cases of COVID-19.

“We had to be creative to continue offering family-centered care," Perez says. The Kidz Medical team at his hospital communicated daily with the parents of patients in the NICU. In addition, they provided 24/7 viewing cameras so parents and extended family members could view infants in real-time and follow their progress. 

“It’s known that women have better birth outcomes when stress levels are reduced and when they’re surrounded by support and advocacy," Talitha Phillips , a labor and postpartum doula in Los Angeles and CEO of Claris Health, tells Verywell. "This is especially critical for women of color who already face health disparities when it comes to labor and delivery.”

Phillips is no stranger to the emotional difficulties pregnant women face when forced to choose only one support person to accompany them in the hospital. She and her clients were devastated to learn about the restrictive visitation rules that went into effect this March. 

“I will never forget sitting in an Uber, crying after I had to leave a mom and her husband at the entrance of a hospital," she says. "We’d labored together for 12 hours and in her most intense moments, I had to ‘abandon’ her.”

She explains that although the ability to provide her labor and postpartum doula services in-hospital is still limited, “in the last two weeks, two hospitals in LA have started allowing women to bring a partner and one support person with them.”

For ICU Patients

ICU visitation rules vary greatly by hospital and state. For example, the University of California San Francisco Health System now allows up to two visitors at a time in the ICU. Visitors may visit at any time and one visitor may stay overnight.

Studies show that visitation is highly important to patients in intensive care units, especially those who aren’t able to speak up for themselves. Researchers found that family presence at the bedside can help reduce delirium as well as help families make better decisions regarding their loved one’s care.

Schmitz and her family wish they could've been at her father's side during his hospitalization. Strict COVID-19 visitation rules made it difficult for her and her siblings to stand up for him, and keep track of the care he needed.

“The message I want to get across most urgently is the importance of having an advocate for your family member, speaking up, and taking it to the top if you have to," Schmitz says.

Valley T, Schutz A, Nagle M, et al. Changes to visitation policies and communication practices in michigan ICUs during the COVID-19 pandemic .  Am J Respir Crit Care Med . 2020;202(6):883-885. doi:10.1164/rccm.202005-1706le

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ten Ways Healthcare Systems Can Operate Effectively during the COVID-19 Pandemic .

MedStar Health. Temporary Visitor Restrictions and Guidance During COVID-19 .

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). COVID-19 and Pregnancy .

UCSF Health. Visitor Restrictions at UCSF Due to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) .

By Kara-Marie Hall, RN, BSN, CCRN ​

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States pass laws to guarantee rights to visit patients, even during a pandemic

Stephanie Colombini

During the pandemic, nursing homes and hospitals often banned visitors, often for months. Although restrictions have eased, some states are passing "right to visit" laws for future pandemics.

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Hospitals are still limiting visitors due to covid. Here’s what you need to know.

If nurse Joseph Falise could impart one tip to those with a loved one in the hospital nowadays, it would be to call ahead and confirm the visitation policy. Most hospitals still have tighter pandemic-related rules throughout their facilities, not just on covid wards. At University of Miami Hospital and Clinics, where Falise works, for example, only one visitor is permitted per day . When other family members or friends show up, he said, “It’s like a surprise attack when we say, ‘I’m really sorry, but you can’t come in.’”

Nearly two years into the pandemic, keeping up with visitor restrictions is one more stressor for already anxious friends and family of hospital patients. In addition to limiting visitors, some hospitals have shortened visiting hours, restricted visitors to one for a patient’s entire stay, and closed lobbies and other public places. (Some loosen certain restrictions if a patient is in hospice care.) Some hospitals also require all visitors to be vaccinated.

The University of Miami hospital’s policy has changed numerous times throughout the coronavirus pandemic, said Falise, the nurse manager in the cardiovascular and neuroscience ICUs. And “there’s a hospital across the street that's doing it differently than we are.”

There is no standardized visitation policy for hospitals in the United States. Restrictions on visitors are typically determined by the hospital’s administrators and patient family advisory council, said Robyn Begley , senior vice president of the American Hospital Association and CEO of the American Organization for Nursing Leadership. “The safety of the patient, safety for visitors and family members, and safety to the staff are always factors” that influence policies, she said.

“On top of that,” she added, “there’s local government mandates right now. So, there are safeguards that every hospital examines in the determination of what their visitation policy is, and it gets revisited depending on what’s happening regionally.”

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Throughout the pandemic, some experts and patients have pushed for less restrictive visitation policies. A study published in April in the Patient Experience Journal found that quality of care suffers when hospital visits are limited. The researchers hypothesize that a lack of advocates might lead patients to feel less acknowledged in their care, and the lack of third-party observers could lead to less safe care.

“Families of patients serve two roles: emotional and as an advocate,” said Anthony C. Stanowski, a study co-author and president and CEO of the Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Management Education. Visiting family members “are the best source of patient information and patient comfort, and have a vested interest in the well-being of the patient,” he said.

Falise said he has supported open visitation in the past, “because having your family members bedside has been proven to decrease mortality and increased patient satisfaction.” But, he added, “Hospitals are really good-intentioned on this. The reality is, we have to adjust to the times.”

Here are some tips for visitors dealing with covid-era hospitals rules and advice for being the best advocate possible — especially if that responsibility falls entirely on one person.

If it’s a planned admission, have a serious conversation ahead of time. Find out the hospital’s visitation policy by calling or checking its website, Falise said. You can then have a discussion about who will be the primary visitor and set expectations by letting other family members know. This is also a good time to find out “exactly who among the family the patient would want to have information shared with,” said Nancy Foster, AHA’s vice president of quality and patient safety policy, and whether they have an advanced directive that stipulates what type of medical measures they would want.

Expect to wait. All visitors need to be checked in, and it can take some time. If you come at the beginning of visiting hours you might find yourself in a long line outside the hospital.

Prepare in advance for talks with the doctor. Have questions written down, so you’re not caught off guard when a doctor comes in, said Kati Kleber , a nurse educator based in Urbana, Ill. and author of “ Admit One: What You Must Know When Going to the Hospital, But No One Actually Tells You .” Keep a running log of questions as they pop up; you could even store them in a Google doc accessible to family members who are unable to visit. If you want another person to also hear the doctor’s updates, “you can always call and put them on speakerphone,” Kleber said. “However, I recommend giving family members a heads-up to be near their phone and ready to answer if you call,” because provider schedules are unpredictable, and you won’t be able to plan a specific time.

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Some hospitals, such as University of Miami, have teams of nonclinical workers who act as a liaison between patients and their families, passing questions to the doctors and information to loved ones at home.

Ask about proxy access to the patient’s medical records. At Cleveland Clinic, a patient’s loved ones can be granted proxy access “so they can see what’s going on with test results,” said Stephanie Bayer, the hospital’s senior director of patient experience. “It’s the same point of view you would see if you were looking at your own record, and it helps keep people informed.” Ask a nurse to walk you through the options, and note that the patient will need to approve this access.

Get in touch with the hospital social worker. Advocating for a loved one in the hospital will almost definitely be confusing and overwhelming, said Ivelyse Andino , founder and CEO of Radical Health, which helps people with issues such as understanding health care rights. She suggests seeking out a social worker or patient navigator, who are professionals “provided by the hospital to help connect you with resources and support.” These folks can help you make sense of treatment options and prepare an at-home discharge plan, plus ensure you don’t burn out while caring for your loved one.

If you can’t visit, find other ways to show a patient you’re thinking about them. “There’s text, there’s FaceTime, there’s Zooming,” said George F. Blackall , a pediatric psychologist at Penn State Health Children’s Hospital in Hershey, Pa. “Offering to connect in that way is really helpful, particularly with adolescents.” Prioritize silly or lighthearted messages that might spark a patient’s first laugh of the day.

Gifts are almost always welcome, so long as there’s enough space in the room — just check first with whoever is spending time there. One idea: You could present the patient with a digital photo frame; “people just need the email address, and they can send photos that rotate on the display,” Kleber said. That can help brighten a patient’s days and remind them of those they’ll hopefully see soon.

If you’re visiting a senior, it’s especially important to advocate. You’re an essential part of your family member’s care team, said K. Andrew Crighton , an advisory board member at Family First , which offers caregiving benefit plans for employees. Let the doctors know if a patient has a hearing, visual or cognitive impairment, he said, in which case “your role becomes more critical.” (Sometimes visitation exceptions are made in those situations.)

Follow the rules. Whether it’s wearing a mask, practicing social distancing, leaving at a certain time, or not roaming the halls or loitering in the lobby, do what the hospital asks, Bayer said. Flouting the rules is not helpful to anyone. And don’t take out your frustration on the staffers who must implement a policy they did not draw up.

Be kind. Hospitals across the nation are dealing with staffing shortages. “This is a very challenging time for all our clinicians,” Begley said, calling for “a little extra patience.” Speaking of which: Say thank you. There’s no need to send the health-care team a gift, but “taking a minute to say, ‘I see you and appreciate the work you’re doing’” goes a long way, Bayer said. “It helps when people notice that we’re working hard.”

If you’re not able to visit, help out in other ways. During the pandemic, it’s likely that only one or two people are doing most of the visiting. You can help by doing grocery shopping, bringing them meals, offering to drive them to and from the hospital, and taking care of what needs to be done at the ill person’s house. “Things like walking their dogs, cleaning their house, doing laundry and paying for their parking can go a long way,” Kleber said.

Consider setting up a website to keep others informed. There are lots of “really great communication tools,” like CaringBridge , that allow friends and family to document a loved one’s health journey, Bayer said. These sites are typically so easy to use that they don’t add much stress to a patient advocate’s life, she notes — plus, someone other than the primary visitor could be designated to post updates.

Take care of yourself. Spending long days advocating for — and worrying about — your loved one will inevitably take a toll. “One of the things people forget to do is take care of themselves,” Bayer said. “So that means make sure you’re sleeping, make sure you’re eating. We need to keep ourselves resilient.” Many hospitals offer some form of spiritual care, she adds; seek it out if that would be helpful to you. And know that what you’re doing is important. “We recognize that family members are vital components of the patient’s healing,” Bayer said. “The love and support that patients get from their family and their visitors does help them and motivate them and keep them on the track of progress.”

Angela Haupt is a freelance writer and editor. Follow her on Twitter: @angelahaupt .

Can I visit my loved one in hospital even if they don’t have coronavirus?

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Georgia Soldatos is PI on the ENDIA project. This research is supported by JDRF Australia, the recipient of the Commonwealth of Australia grant for Accelerated Research under the Medical Research Future Fund, and with funding from the Helmsley Charitable Trust. She is also the recipient of Monash Partners grants for two cystic fibrosis-related diabetes research projects.

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The number of people with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 who need to go to hospital is increasing .

So family members and friends will be asking whether they can visit their loved ones. People will also want to visit patients in hospital for another reason. Perhaps they’ve just given birth or are recovering after a heart attack.

Whether you can visit or not depends on a mix of policies put in place nationally, by the states, and by individual hospitals.

And as the situation can change daily, it’s best to check the hospital’s website or phone ahead to avoid being refused entry at the hospital gates.

Read more: Banning visitors to aged care during coronavirus raises several ethical questions – with no simple answers

Why are more people in hospital?

The number of new cases diagnosed with the coronavirus each day in Australia is decreasing . But the number of people expected to be hospitalised with a suspected or confirmed case is still increasing .

This is due to the time lag, because whether there’s a need to hospitalise a patient for COVID-19 only becomes evident around the fifth day after diagnosis , sometimes even later. Further, patients with severe COVID-19 often have to remain in hospital for some time.

Initial estimates by the World Health Organisation predicted about 81% of COVID-19 infections to be mild or have no symptoms. But about 14% develop severe disease and require oxygen and 5% become critically unwell, requiring mechanical ventilation.

The latest data for Australia look a little better with 8% receiving hospital care, including 2% being in intensive care units (ICU).

Read more: Why are older people more at risk of coronavirus?

People spend on average eight days in hospital with COVID-19 . But if they develop serious complications and require a ventilator, the average length of stay might be double that .

This is much longer than the usual length of hospital stays which, for patients who spent at least one night in hospital, is 5.3 days overall.

How are hospital visits changing?

Before the coronavirus, hospitals encouraged family and friends to visit their loved ones as this can help reduce patients’ anxiety and stress, and may help them recover faster.

Visiting hours and hospital policies are set to limit traffic in and out of wards, allow treatment to take place and for patients to rest and recover.

Hospitals might also have asked visitors to clean their hands when they first arrived to avoid bringing infections in.

In light of COVID-19, much tougher restrictions are now in place to protect the patient, hospital staff and the visitors.

For patients with COVID-19, rules about visiting them in hospital, and especially in the ICU, may be very restricted. Visiting may be prohibited or, if allowed, only for a very short amount of time under extra precautions.

For example, in New South Wales , visitors must wear a surgical mask and protective eyewear if they are visiting a person suspected or confirmed to have coronavirus.

These restrictions are set nationally and by individual states, and adapted into the visiting policies of individual hospitals.

Read more: What does it mean to be immunocompromised? And why does this increase your risk of coronavirus?

Different states have different rules

The most recent rules for Victoria allow patients in public, private and denominational hospitals only one visit per day, a maximum of two visitors at a time and for up to two hours.

However, you will be prohibited from visiting if you have:

• been diagnosed with coronavirus and should be in isolation
• arrived in Australia within the last 14 days
• recently come into contact with a person confirmed to have the coronavirus
• a temperature over 37.5°C or symptoms of a respiratory infection.

These restrictions are in place regardless of whether your loved one has COVID-19 or is in hospital for another reason.

In some cases, visitors can stay longer than two hours. These exemptions include parents or carers of people under 18, carers of people with a disability, the partner or support person of someone giving birth, a person accompanying a patient to the emergency department, or a person providing end-of-life support.

While most states and territories have issued similar advice, Tasmania has closed all hospitals to visitors after the recent coronavirus outbreak in the North West Regional Hospital in Burnie.

Hospitals in Tasmania will make exceptions for people visiting their partners at the birth of a child, parents visiting dependent children and for “compassionate and end-of-life reasons”. But a person visiting under any of these exemptions still needs to check with the hospital.

Hospitals also have their own rules

Hospitals around the country have also restricted visiting hours and numbers beyond what the health departments are mandating.

For instance, at our hospital in Victoria, currently only one visitor per patient per day is allowed, and no children under 16. Visitors to our ICU are limited to a maximum of ten minutes whereas during labour one partner or support person can be there for 24 hours.

On entry, staff will screen you for symptoms and signs of COVID-19. This might be done by asking you a series of questions and/or checking your temperature.

Read more: The coronavirus pandemic is forcing us to ask some very hard questions. But are we ready for the answers?

So as the rules vary across states, territories, individual hospitals – and even different wards within a single hospital – check the latest restrictions for your state and hospital before planning a visit.

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How to Prepare Yourself for Visiting Someone in Hospital

Last Updated: February 16, 2022 References

This article was medically reviewed by Jonas DeMuro, MD . Dr. DeMuro is a board certified Pediatric Critical Care Surgeon in New York. He received his MD from Stony Brook University School of Medicine in 1996. He completed his fellowship in Surgical Critical Care at North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System and was a previous American College of Surgeons (ACS) Fellow. There are 8 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been viewed 36,706 times.

If you're planning on visiting someone in the hospital, you may be feeling anxious, confused, or helpless about that individual's condition. You may even be fearful of seeing that person in a state of illness or incapacity. All of these feelings are normal and can be managed with proper planning. Learning how to manage your emotions and figure out the logistics of a hospital visit can help you be as prepared as possible for this potentially upsetting situation.

Figuring Out the Logistics

• Call ahead with the name of the patient you wish to visit to confirm the location of the patient and the visiting hours for that ward.

• Some patients may not be physically or mentally capable of having visitors. This could be for a variety of reasons, and it's important to be respectful of those reasons.
• The person may be on isolation precautions, meaning you will have to take special steps before entering the room. Speak to a nurse to find out if you need to wear a mask, protective gown, gloves, or other protective equipment. The nurse will be able to provide you with these items and instruct you on proper use. It's important you follow directions exactly, to protect both the patient and yourself.
• Call the hospital and ask to speak with a nurse working on your patient's floor. Ask the nurse whether it would be okay to visit, and provide a rough time frame you'd like to visit.

• Check in with the patient or her family to see if she wants visitors while staying in the hospital.
• If the patient does not want visitors, be respectful of her wishes. You can always send a card or get-well package through the mail or ask the patient's family to deliver it for you.

• If you're ill, you are better off staying out of the hospital for both yourself and the patient. Consider a phone call or video chat instead.
• Even if you're healthy, you should wash your hands before and after visiting the hospital, in particular when you enter and exit the patient’s room. You could accidentally introduce bacteria or viruses to patients inside the hospital, or you could inadvertently carry a serious pathogen home with you when you leave the hospital.
• When you wash your hands, use soap and clean, running water for a total of 20 seconds. [4] X Trustworthy Source Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Main public health institute for the US, run by the Dept. of Health and Human Services Go to source You may also wish to use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer instead of washing your hands.

Feeling Emotionally Prepared

• Start out by only reading credible medical articles. You can find a wealth of information on websites run by hospitals, medical schools, and medical care centers, such as the Mayo Clinic or Medline Plus .
• You can also find endless information in print form. Check your local library for medical textbooks and journals, then research the condition or illness for which your friend or relative is being treated.
• Once you've read some credible medical information, it may be comforting to read some personal accounts that talk about that condition/illness. Look for memoirs or even personal online blogs that discuss that condition or illness. Online forums specific to the illness often have good discussions and information.

• Remember that everyone deals with crisis situations differently. You may be able to maintain your composure and handle the situation, or you may grow anxious, frightened, or even angry.
• These feelings may change as the patient's health improves, declines, or alternates between improvement and decline.

• You can speak with family and friends about any concerns you have, especially if those friends or relatives are also close with the patient you're going to visit.
• If you have deeper-seated emotional concerns, you may want to consider speaking with a therapist or a clergy member (if you are religious).

• You can write anything you want in your journal. You don't have to show it to anyone, and you can even destroy the page when you're finished.
• Try to be consistent in your journaling. Since your feelings may change as the days or weeks go on, it can be helpful to make a daily habit of reflecting and writing.
• You can buy any type of journal you want, from a simple spiral-bound notebook to an elegant leather-bound book of blank pages; however, you may want to consider portability and ease of access when you're deciding on a notebook.
• It may be easier for you to journal on your phone or tablet. There are many apps that allow you to keep a journal on your devices.

• Exercise regularly. This can help you burn off some energy or stress and stay healthy. Even walking around the hospital can help.
• Make sure you're eating a healthy diet. While vending machines are convenient, they mostly contain junk food and you'll need proper nutrition, including a balanced diet with fresh fruits and vegetables.
• Get adequate rest. Remember that most adults need at least seven to nine hours of sleep each night, while some adults may need even more sleep. [7] X Research source
• Do things to help you relax and deal with your stress. Even if you can't leave the hospital, bring books, magazines, crafts, and other things to keep yourself busy and take your mind off of things.

Making a Successful Visit

• Try to base your gift on the individual's tastes.
• Choose a gift that will cheer up the individual. For example, if you know the person is an avid hiker and camper who is eager to get back on the trail, you may want to bring something that will make her think of hiking or camping.
• Consider bringing something that will help the person pass the time, such as a book of crossword puzzles, magazines, a book, or some other activity.
• If you know an image or object might upset the patient, you should avoid bringing anything that might be a reminder of that image or object. For example, if the individual will never be able to walk or ride a bike again, bringing reminders of these activities could be upsetting.

• Anticipate that the patient may be feeling a range of emotions. She may be feeling hopeful, fearful, angry, or she may even be in denial.
• Never tell the individual how she should feel. Simply accept the way she's feeling without criticism or interrogation.
• Ask the individual if she wants to talk about what she is going through. Don't unload your grief or fear on the patient, as she has enough to deal with on her own.
• Let the patient know that you're available to talk anytime. Even if she doesn't want to discuss what she's going through now, that may change with time. Make sure she has your contact information so she can reach you in case she wants to talk later.
• If the patient has a chronic illness/condition or will be going through a prolonged recovery period, be sure that you continue to offer support over the long-term. Many people will be there at first, but your friend or relative will need support down the line.

• Talk to other friends or family members of the patient to coordinate schedules. Let each other know when you're available and what shifts would work best.
• Once you've worked out a schedule, let the patient know who will be staying in the hospital and when. Having a schedule in mind may help give the patient some sense of normalcy.

• Going for a walk, getting yourself some food or coffee, or simply stepping outside to talk on the phone can help give you a mental break from the stress of being in the hospital.
• Let the individual know that you'll be back, and try to provide a rough time estimate. This can help put an anxious hospital patient a bit more at ease.

• Don't point out that the patient looks ill, injured, or otherwise unwell. Likewise, avoid talking about the procedure/surgery unless the patient wants to talk about it.
• Focus on the patient's treatment and recovery. Try to remain positive so that the patient can keep a healthy, positive attitude.
• If the patient is feeling sad or hopeless, try to lift her spirits. Talk about fun or humorous memories and try to get her to think about the fun times you'll have in the future once she is feeling better.

Expert Q&A

• Be aware of what you say to the patient. Never say something like, "Gosh, you gave us all a fright!" This can create feelings of guilt in the patient at a time when they should be focusing on recovery. Thanks Helpful 2 Not Helpful 0
• Try to see the positive things about a hospital stay. Many patients are having babies, getting long awaited life-changing surgery or having treatments that will make them better in the long term. Thanks Helpful 1 Not Helpful 0

You Might Also Like

• ↑ https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/servicesandsupport/visitors-in-hospital#lp-h-3
• ↑ https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/servicesandsupport/visitors-in-hospital#lp-h-1
• ↑ https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/servicesandsupport/visitors-in-hospital#lp-h-2
• ↑ http://www.cdc.gov/features/handwashing/
• ↑ http://med.stanford.edu/cfcenter/services/SupportingLovedOnes.html
• ↑ http://www.healthtalk.org/peoples-experiences/intensive-care/intensive-care-experiences-family-friends/emotional-impact-relatives-friends-icu
• ↑ https://sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/how-much-sleep-do-we-really-need
• ↑ https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/servicesandsupport/visitors-in-hospital

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Preventing infections when visiting someone in the hospital

Infections are illnesses that are caused by germs such as bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. Patients in the hospital are already ill. Exposing them to these germs may make it harder for them to recover and go home.

If you are visiting a friend or loved one in the hospital, you need to take steps to prevent spreading germs.

The best way to stop the spread of germs is to:

• Wash your hands often
• Stay home if you are sick
• Use a face mask when directed or when infections may be transmitted through the air
• Keep your vaccines up to date

Hand Washing and Alcohol-based Hand Cleaners

Clean your hands:

• When you enter and leave a patient's room
• After using the bathroom
• After touching a patient
• Before and after using gloves

Remind family, friends, and health care providers to wash their hands when they enter a patient's room.

To wash your hands:

• Wet your hands and wrists, then apply soap.
• Rub your hands together for at least 20 seconds so the soap gets bubbly.
• Remove rings or scrub under them.
• If your fingernails are dirty, use a scrub brush.
• Rinse your hands clean with running water.
• Dry your hands with a clean paper towel.
• Do not touch the sink and faucets after you wash your hands. Use the paper towel to turn off the faucet and open the door.

You may also use alcohol-based hand cleaners (sanitizers) if your hands are not visibly soiled.

• Dispensers can be found in a patient's room and throughout a hospital or other health care facility.
• Apply a dime-sized amount of sanitizer in the palm of one hand.
• Rub your hands together, making sure all surfaces on both sides of your hands and between your fingers are covered.
• Rub until your hands are dry.

Stay Home If You are Sick

Staff and visitors should stay home if they feel sick or have a fever. This helps protect everyone in the hospital.

If you think you were exposed to COVID-19 , chickenpox, the flu, or any other infections, stay home.

Remember, what may seem like just a little cold to you can be a big problem for someone who is sick and in the hospital. If you are not sure if it is safe to visit, call your provider and ask them about your symptoms before you visit the hospital.

Anybody who visits a hospital patient who has an isolation sign outside their door should stop at the nurses' station before entering the patient's room.

Isolation precautions create barriers that help prevent the spread of germs in the hospital. They are needed to protect you and the patient you are visiting. The precautions are also needed to protect other patients in the hospital.

When a patient is in isolation, visitors may:

• Need to wear gloves, a gown, a mask, or some other covering
• Need to avoid touching the patient
• Not be allowed into a patient's room at all

Other Things You Can Do to Prevent Infections

Hospital patients who are very old, very young, or very ill are at the greatest risk for harm from infections such as colds and the flu. To prevent getting the flu and passing it to others, get a flu vaccine each year. To prevent getting COVID-19 and passing it to others, get COVID-19 vaccines according to current recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control. Ask your provider what other vaccines you need.

When you visit a patient in the hospital, keep your hands away from your face. Cough or sneeze into a tissue or into the crease of your elbow, not into the air.

Calfee DP. Prevention and control of health care-associated infections. In: Goldman L, Cooney KA, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine . 27th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 261.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Infection control. www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/index.html . Updated November 18, 2022. Accessed October 20, 2023.

Review Date 10/13/2023

Updated by: Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Clinical Professor, Department of Family Medicine, UW Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

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25+ Things to Bring or Send Someone in the Hospital

Updated 09/27/2023

Published 01/8/2020

Sarah Kessler

Contributing writer, editor

Cake values integrity and transparency. We follow a strict editorial process to provide you with the best content possible. We also may earn commission from purchases made through affiliate links. As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases. Learn more in our affiliate disclosure .

Whether you’re recovering from surgery or welcoming a new baby, time spent in the hospital is always challenging. Cramped quarters, sterile decor, and limited visiting hours can make a person feel isolated and yearn for home.

Jump ahead to these sections:

How to choose the best gift for a hospital patient, what to bring someone with a terminal or serious illness, what to bring someone who just had a baby, what to bring someone after a surgery, what to bring someone with a minor illness or injury.

When you’re visiting someone in the hospital, you might want to alleviate as much of that stress as you possibly can. While traditional hospital gifts like flowers and get-well cards can go a long way, a more personalized gift can go even further. 

So what should you bring to someone in the hospital? Consider the thoughtful gift ideas included here when you’re preparing to visit a loved one in the hospital. 

When choosing a gift for a friend or loved one in the hospital, you'll want to give them something that will be helpful, comforting, and thoughtful. But how do you choose the perfect gift they'll love? Here are a few tips to consider.

Consider their capabilities

People enter the hospital for a variety of reasons and situations. Broken limbs, illness, pregnancy, and surgery are just a few, and each requires thought to provide a gift that is applicable to their needs.

Can they get up and walk around? Are they bed-bound? Are they on a restricted diet? Can they hold items like tablets or phones? 

Let their current situation guide your gift buying by asking questions like these to determine what types of gift or care package would be beneficial.

Think of their likes/dislikes

A person's likes and dislikes are a great place to start when deciding on a gift. If someone loves to read but they're not a fan of audiobooks, then an e-reader or physical books would be ideal rather than gifting a subscription to Audible. If supplying food items, consider what foods they don't like or are allergic to and stay away from those. Make a note of their favorite color, type of music, scent, band, hero, genre of literature, etc., and try to purchase a gift that fits into their favorite categories.

Consider customization

Customization is a great way to turn what might be a generic gift into something extra special. Fuzzy blankets are loved by everyone, but a fuzzy blanket with their favorite Bible verse or a special picture will make it even better. A bedside tumbler is thoughtful, but a customized one with their favorite color, superhero, or saying will show that you put a bit of extra thought into getting them something unique.

Take hospital policies into account

All hospitals have policies regarding what patients can and cannot receive. Check with the receptionist before bringing in flowers, balloons, outside food, essential oil diffusers, and other gifts.

Sometimes, a trip to the hospital doesn’t result in a speedy recovery. If you’re visiting someone with a terminal illness or serious diagnosis, picking out a gift is even more difficult. 

Consider these gift ideas if you want to brighten your loved one’s day while they’re in the hospital with a serious illness. 

1. Cozy pajamas

You can only wear a hospital gown for so long. If your loved one has been in the hospital for more than a day or so, they’ll want to get changed into something more comfortable. 

Even if they brought PJs from home, they could always use another pair to switch out.

Get-well-soon flowers are the more common hospital gift because they can brighten up a stark room. But flowers take up a lot of space, and their water vases can harbor harmful bacteria. 

An alternative is a space-saving plant like a small succulent, which doesn’t require much upkeep or watering. 

3. Manicure gift set or certificate

A long hospital stay can result in dry cuticles and less-than-perfect nails. It can also make your loved one feel like their lacking personal care. 

A great remedy for this is the gift of a manicure set, or better yet, a gift certificate for a professional manicure and pedicure. Many manicurists will travel to the hospital to provide their services.

4. Adult coloring book 

Another obstacle in the hospital is feeling one’s time. When your loved one is on their own without visitors, they likely get bored and restless. 

Activities, like an adult coloring book and colored pencils, can help take their mind off things and relax.

Similarly, a journal can help your loved one decompress and spend a few hours in reflection. A journal is a perfect gift for a loved one who enjoys writing or anyone who might need to vent when no one’s around.

6. A warm blanket

Hospital blankets aren’t the most comfortable or luxurious. If you want to make your friend or loved one’s hospital stay a bit homier, a soft and warm blanket is a great gift idea.

Going to the hospital isn’t always a negative experience. For new moms and dads, visiting the hospital can be one of the most memorable times of your life. 

But what should you bring someone who’s just given birth to a new bundle of joy at the hospital? Here are some gift ideas for the new moms and dads in your life. 

7. Soft robe 

Like a warm blanket and comfy PJs, a soft robe is an ideal hospital gift. It’s an especially great idea for new moms who are nursing in the hospital.

Feeding and caring for a new baby is a near-magical experience--at first. But after a while, the experience can become tiring and tedious. 

A good movie or a television series is the perfect gift for the new mom who’s stuck in a hospital room. Many rooms have DVD players built-in, but it’s a good idea to double-check. You could also bring the new mom a laptop with a disc drive or buy or rent a movie from Amazon.

9. Sweet treats

Some high-quality chocolates or home-baked cookies can be enough to brighten your friend or loved one’s day while they’re in the hospital. 

After having a baby, a new mom can use all of the extra energy and nourishment she can get. And if it tastes good, that’s even better.

10. Massage gift certificate

New moms are bound to feel sore all over while they’re recovering in the hospital. Not only has their body just undergone immense physical stress--but she’s also cooped up in a small room with a less-than-comfy bed. 

A gift certificate for a massage is a perfect gift. You can even find massage therapists who will visit the hospital for postpartum clients. 

11. Essential oil diffuser

Hospitals have a distinct, sterile scent. If you want to make a new mom feel more at home and relaxed during her hospital stay, an essential oil diffuser paired with relaxing oils like lavender is a perfect gift. 

A diffuser can also help alleviate the dry air associated with hospitals.

12. Bookrest

If your loved one loves to read, you can help her stay entertained in the hospital with a bookstand or bookrest. 

While nursing, she’ll need both hands to support the new baby in the hospital bed or chairs. A bookrest ensures that she can still get in some reading during that time.

Surgery can be a life-changing experience. Someone who’s just undergone serious surgery and is recovering in the hospital can use all of the support they can get. 

When you’re getting ready to visit someone in the hospital after their surgery or send them a message , it’s a good idea to buy your gift before you get there. (Don’t resort to the hospital gift shop.)

What should you get for a friend or loved one after surgery? Here are some great gift ideas that go well with your get-well wishes . 

13. Socks or slippers

Anything that makes a stay in the hospital more comfortable is a great gift idea. Your loved one might be stuck in bed, or they might be able to roam the halls. 

Either way, some fuzzy socks or slippers will help make them feel more at home.

14. Home-cooked food

If you’ve ever had an extended stay in the hospital, you know that hospital food leaves much to be desired. 

After surgery, your loved one or friend can use all of the energy and food for recovery that they can get. A home-cooked meal will help lift your loved one’s spirits. 

15. Card and board games

When you and others go to visit your family member or friend in the hospital, it helps to have something to do.  An entertaining card or board game can help your loved one feel normal and have fun while they see visitors.

16. Phone charger extension

Not all hospital rooms are set up in a way that works for our modern devices. Often, the only outlet available for a charger is ten feet away. 

You can solve that problem for your loved one by gifting them a long phone charging cord. Make sure to match their device!

Everyone gets bored in the hospital. While TV and movies are great for passing the time, sometimes your loved one might want to settle in with a good book. 

Bring them one of your favorites or a new release that you think they’ll love. 

18. A good pillow

Just like hospital blankets, hospital pillows aren’t always the highest quality. If your loved one is in the hospital recovering from surgery, a good pillow can make them a whole lot more comfortable. 

Consider whether they’re a side-sleeper, a stomach-sleeper, or a back-sleeper when you’re picking one out.

Even when a trip to the hospital is for something more minor, like a slight fracture or a temporary illness, the time spent in a hospital is stressful. 

You can help your loved one beat feelings of in-hospital boredom and discomfort with the gifts below. 

19. Massager

Your loved one might not be in the hospital long enough to need a professional massage. But a scalp-massager or back-massager might be the perfect gift to help them get more comfortable.

20. Sleep mask and earplugs

Hospitals can be noisy, and when you’re trying to take a nap, they can be much too bright. A sleeping mask and some simple earplugs can help your loved one get some much-needed rest,

21. Good instant coffee

As previously mentioned, hospital cafeterias aren’t known for their attention to quality service. The same goes, unfortunately, for hospital coffee. 

If your loved one is in the hospital overnight, you can ease their stay by bringing some good instant coffee that tastes as good as home-brewed.

22. Tasty snacks

Similarly, you can make your friend or family member’s hospital stay more enjoyable by providing some tasty snacks.  They won’t have to ask the nurse for food or wait for mealtimes every time they get peckish.

23. Personal products

Hospital air can be incredibly drying and harsh. And the standard hospital personal care products often provide little relief.  A small gift basket with essentials like hydrating lotions, conditioners, moisturizers, and lip balm can help a lot.

24. Loungewear

If your loved one has only a minor illness or injury, they can probably move around the hospital quite a bit. 

They might not want to walk around in their hospital gown or even in their PJs. You can give them more freedom by gifting some cozy leisurewear that’s more public-appropriate.

25. Puzzles

Finally, consider giving your loved one something to pass the time. A 1,000-piece jigsaw puzzle isn’t the best option for a cramped hospital room, but you can bring brain-teasers like crosswords and Sudoku instead.

Choosing the Best Hospital Gift 

Visiting someone you love in the hospital is emotionally taxing. But coming prepared with a thoughtful gift lets you overcome feelings of helplessness. 

If you want to go the extra mile, you can even bring snacks and gifts for the ward’s nurses, too.

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• Sympathy Gifts

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• A-    A+   

The Gift of Presence: Tips for Visiting a Terminally Ill Family Member or Friend

You may think: “I don’t feel like I am doing anything.” … “The person is asleep, or falls asleep, during my visit. Should I wake them? Should I stay?” … “What should I be doing?” … “Am I helping?” or “What should I say to the person?”

Your presence does make a difference. It can be difficult to be with someone who is terminally ill; it isn’t always clear what to do, or say. Intention is everything. The person will sense your tone, pace of the visit and more. If your visit is intended to make the person feel encouraged, cared about, or put a smile on his or her face, the person will sense it.

Below are several helpful suggestions about how to prepare for a visit and ideas to guide you during the visit:

• It’s so important to make sure you are in a place of peace before the visit. If you don’t feel calm, peaceful and centered, take some time to quiet yourself before entering the person’s home or room.
• Always approach the person slowly and quietly so as not to startle them.
• Introduce yourself with a quiet voice. “Hi, it’s your niece, Jane. I would like to sit with you for a while.”
• If you want, hold the person’s hand. Start by telling the person what you are doing. “Mary, I am going to hold your hand now.” Another option is to put the person’s hand on top of yours. That way if the person does not like touch, they can pull away.
• If the person has a book or newspaper by their bed, read it aloud.
• If the person appears to be in and out of sleep, that is okay. They will know they are not alone.

Although it’s natural to be concerned about what you’re going to say, don’t worry so much about the words. The main thing is that your message comes from the heart. It’s also important to remember to stop talking at times and simply listen to the person if he or she is able to communicate.

Here are a couple of tips to help you keep the visit authentic:

• Do say – “It’s good to see you.” Let them know you have been thinking of them.
• At a loss for words – It’s OK to say, “Mary, I don’t know what to say or do, but I’m here and I care about you.”
• Listen – If the person talks about being anxious, listen quietly. Don’t try to change the subject or silence the person. When he or she is finished sharing concerns, encourage him or her by asking, “What do you want to achieve now?” Then you can gently shift the focus of the discussion to that goal rather than the prognosis or condition. For instance, if a person says she wants to live to see her grandbaby be born, ask her how they will celebrate when the baby arrives. Try to keep the conversation positive.
• Chatter is overrated – Be present without saying a word. You don’t have to fill every moment of your visit with conversation. Just make sure you are focused on the person and not thinking about your next appointment or task on the “to-do” list.

About Hospice of the Red River Valley In 1981, Hospice of the Red River Valley was founded on the belief that everyone deserves access to high-quality end-of-life care. We fulfill our nonprofit mission by providing medical, emotional, personal and spiritual care, as well as grief support to our patients, their families and caregivers during a tender time in life. Our staff helps those we serve experience more meaningful moments through exceptional hospice care, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, wherever a patient calls home. The organization serves more than 40,000 square miles in North Dakota and Minnesota , including in and around Bismarck, Detroit Lakes, Devils Lake, Fargo, Fergus Falls, Grand Forks, Lisbon, Thief River Falls, Valley City and many more communities. Hospice of the Red River Valley offers round-the-clock availability via phone, prompt response times and same-day admissions, including evenings, weekends and holidays. Contact us anytime at 800-237-4629 or hrrv.org .

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Visiting someone in hospital

The information in this section is a general guide to visiting someone in hospital.

Details will vary depending on which hospital you're visiting, including if you need to wear a face covering over your nose and mouth.

Check on the hospital's website for more information.

Find the contact details of a hospital

Visiting hours

Most hospitals have times at which you can visit your friend or relative.

Check with the relevant hospital for information about when you can visit, and bear in mind that different wards often have different visiting times.

If you're unable to attend during visiting hours, talk to the member of staff in charge of the ward to arrange an alternative time to visit.

Hospitals encourage relatives and friends to visit patients. But patients can get tired very quickly.

For this reason, the number of visitors each patient is allowed is usually restricted, typically to no more than 2 people at any one time.

It might be necessary to stagger the visitors so they come at different times.

There can be restrictions on children visiting a patient.

Check the arrangements with the ward you're going to before your visit.

Hand hygiene

When visiting someone in hospital, always clean your hands using soap and water or alcohol hand rubs. Do this when you enter or leave a patient's room or other areas of the hospital.

If you're concerned about the hand hygiene of doctors, nurses or anyone else you come into contact with in hospital, you're encouraged to ask them whether they have cleaned their hands.

You must not visit someone in hospital if you have a cough, cold, diarrhoea, vomiting or any other infectious condition.

Presents for patients

Patients like to receive gifts while in hospital. Most hospitals encourage visitors to bring gifts like fruit or books and magazines, but it's important not to clutter the patient's bed area.

You may not be allowed to bring some foods into hospital – check with the ward before you visit.

Many hospitals do not allow flowers on the wards or other clinical areas. Check with the ward staff before bringing or sending someone flowers.

Many hospitals do not allow smoking, including e-cigarettes, in any part of their buildings or grounds.

If smoking is allowed at the hospital you're visiting, only smoke in the designated outdoor areas.

Parking at hospitals is limited and can be expensive. Where possible, use public transport when visiting someone in hospital.

Violence and aggression towards staff

Violence and aggression towards staff, patients or members of the public are not tolerated in any hospital.

Assault is a crime, and hospitals may seek legal penalties for anyone behaving in this way.

What not to do when visiting someone in hospital

• It's best not to sit on the patient's bed, as this can spread germs. Use the chairs provided.
• Do not put your feet on the patient's bed.
• Do not touch the patient's wounds or any medical equipment they're attached to, such as drips or catheters. This can cause infections.
• Do not use the patients' toilets. Use the hospital's public toilets.
• Do not share a patient's toiletries, tissues or hospital equipment with other patients or leave them in communal areas.

Page last reviewed: 14 April 2023 Next review due: 14 April 2026

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Your Pregnancy Matters

Should I have visitors in the hospital while my baby is being born?

September 25, 2018

In our clinic elevator the other day, I observed a pregnant woman and her partner debating which day of the week the woman should be induced. The partner suggested a Thursday or Friday – it’s the end of the week, he said, and they could have friends stop by the hospital during the long (often boring) induction process. Also, they’d have the weekend for visitors after the baby was born.

But the woman wasn’t so sure; she was overwhelmed at the thought of having to “entertain” visitors. Recognizing me from the clinic, she asked for my opinion. My response? Having guests in Labor and Delivery is a personal decision, and the choice depends on your modesty level, how you feel after delivery, and your baby’s health. 

But don’t all moms have guests during or after childbirth?

No. Most women fall into one of two camps regarding visitors at the hospital: bring ’em all or none at all. There’s a lot going on during labor and delivery, and most women aren’t at peak perfection during this time. From dealing with labor pains to knowing how much of their body will be exposed, some women are uncomfortable having more than their partner or doula there to bear witness.

I’m a little concerned that we’ve turned labor into a spectator sport. I think that guests should be reserved for those who will provide the most support for the laboring mom. But oftentimes I see invitations being issued like you might for a wedding or graduation, and couples feel the need to make sure each side is equally represented.

If you’re on the fence about whether to have visitors as you await delivery, consider these four factors before making a guest list.

1. You’re going to be pretty exposed.

There can be a lot of activity during labor, some of which you may not want people to see. For example, your body will be exposed when nurses come in to check your cervix for dilation, when an anesthesiologist places an epidural, or when the doctor breaks your bag of water. Most women wear a hospital gown with no undergarments, and you might also have a catheter in your bladder. Sure, you can ask visitors to step out to the waiting room every time an exam is being performed or a sensitive topic is discussed, but that can get old fast.

2. You might be in considerable pain.

Depending on how you choose to handle pain management, you might not feel up to having guests in the room. While many women feel comfortable with their partner or doula seeing them deal with the pain and discomfort of labor, most don’t want friends or colleagues to see them in that state.

3. You can’t predict emergency situations.

Things can change quickly during delivery, such as the need for an emergency cesarean-section (C-section) delivery . If a problem arises that could affect the health of you or your baby, guests will have to leave the room to make way for more nursing staff members, midwives, or physicians. The focus of your health care team will be to make sure you and your partner understand exactly what is happening and what the plan is, rather than keeping your guests up to date.

4. Your doctors and nurses aren’t babysitters.

Any children you allow to visit must be supervised by an adult at all times. Make sure the person who is going to stay with you through thick and thin has no childcare responsibilities, and don’t ask the Labor and Delivery staff members to keep an eye on unsupervised children in the waiting room.

Having visitors during labor is very different than having visitors after you’ve had the baby. But just as it’s your choice prior to delivery, it’s up to you whether you invite friends or family into your recovery room. 

"Having guests in Labor and Delivery is a personal decision, and the choice depends on your modesty level, how you feel after delivery, and your baby’s health." – Robyn Horsager-Boehrer, M.D.

What about having visitors after the baby is born?

If you choose to have visitors, make sure all guests are up to date on their adult immunizations . Also, ensure that no one with cold sores kisses the new baby (which can cause devastating infections in infants) or other illnesses that could be contagious to you or the baby.

If your guests pass those criteria, consider these factors before making a final decision: 

1. You might be emotionally or physically vulnerable after delivery.

During recovery, mood swings are normal. You might be giddy, weepy, or a combination of both. Nurses will provide guidance on personal topics, such as caring for stitches or C-section incisions. Also, a lactation consultant will help you initiate breastfeeding , if you choose to do so, which involves some body exposure. 

2. You won’t have much time to socialize.

Your doctor will make daily rounds, stopping by to check on you and the baby. Nurses will be in and out giving the baby immunizations and providing postnatal care, including a lot of education time. You’ll have forms to complete, including the birth certificate. And let’s not forget that newborn photos will be taken as well!

3. Your baby might not always be in the room.

Male babies who are to be circumcised will have their procedure in another room. Also, some women prefer to catch up on much-needed sleep by letting the baby stay with the nurses in the nursery. Coordinating these activities around a visitor schedule can be taxing, so some moms might want to wait until they go home to receive visitors.

4. Your hospital might have “quiet hours.”

Some hospitals don’t allow guests during certain times of the day or night. This structured time is designed to help parents and babies rest and have a break from postpartum activities. If you choose to invite guests, make sure to let them know when they won’t be allowed to visit.

Alternatives to in-hospital visits after delivery

If you decide not to allow visitors in the hospital, that’s OK. Friends and family members can connect with you virtually if you choose. Consider using FaceTime or Skype to show off the new baby without the pressure of having to “entertain” guests. Bonus: It’s easier to end a call than it is to shuffle people out of your room! Also, if you set a time, you know you can look your best, which is important to many new moms.

Once you get home, you can set up convenient times for visitors to stop by. Introducing your new baby to friends and family for the first time will be special regardless if it happens four hours or four days after birth. Many people love to contribute to a new mom’s well-being, so be bold – don’t feel guilty asking visitors to bring a casserole, treat, or anything else that makes your adjustment to motherhood easier. Whipping up a quick, nutritious meal is a small price to pay in exchange for newborn cuddles!

Ultimately, the choice of whether to invite guests to the hospital is yours and yours alone. It can be tough to ask well-intentioned family members and friends to stay home, but your health and your baby’s well-being are important. If you feel uncomfortable having these conversations with visitors prior to or during your stay, don’t hesitate to ask your nurse to assist. We’re happy to be the “tough guy” if necessary to aid your recovery. Whichever camp you identify with, our goal is to help moms and babies start their new chapter together as healthy and happy as can be. 

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Tips & Inspo

What To Bring & What To Say When Visiting A Sick Friend In Hospital

It can be difficult to know what to say and what to bring when a friend or family member is in hospital. Here are a few gift ideas and some helpful advice for visiting a sick friend.

By Ali + Julie

November 15, 2022

Should you bring a gift, and what's a good one?

No gifts to icu.

Wait until they’re feeling better and in a regular room and then bring your gift.

A card from the whole gang

Nothing brings cheer more than words of love from friends and family. Let everyone sign the card and chip in for a gift all-in-one with GroupTogether.

Consider gifting a plant rather than flowers

Flowers take up the limited space in the room, they die a little bit each day and are hard to transport home. Save the flowers being delivered to celebrate your friend’s homecoming.

iPad and Netflix subscription

Gifts that help fight boredom but don’t tax the brain are usually the most welcomed. Use GroupTogether to chip in for an iPad (from $300 for a mini). Check if the hospital has WiFi access. Otherwise, get one with cellular. If they already have one, chip in for a 12-month Netflix subscription or whichever platform they don't have.

Magazines and moisturizer

Fill a basket with magazines, a novel, an inspirational book, hand lotion, nice lip balm, fun socks (feet often get cold when you’re ill), notecards, a journal, colorful pens, etc. Check out Pinterest boards for inspiration.

Food (that’s allowed)

Ask about your friend’s hospital diet. Bring a favorite dish from a restaurant, a snack they’re craving, or something homemade. Consider a healthy option like dried fruit or a fruit basket for friends who are weight conscious.

PJs, slippers, and robes

Fresh PJs that are comfy and look nice – Peter Alexander for young people. Consider stylish slippers but make sure they aren’t slippery. A 100% organic cotton robe would make anyone feel valued and pampered. Check out the Coyuchi Organic Cotton robe here on Amazon.

Things to lift their spirits each day

Make a series of envelopes to open when they need some cheer. Inside each enclose something nice – a quote, a note, some memories you share, a photo, a gourmet-wrapped chocolate, unique tea bags, a drawing, a cartoon, or a prayer. Check out Pinterest for inspiration.

No time to make your own? Call a company to package and send it beautifully. Make sure it's a specialty pamper hamper though and take the extra time to write a heartfelt message.

Should I visit and how long should I stay?

• Check before you come: Never show up at the hospital unannounced.
• Ask a family member to ask when would be a good time to visit. When a day and time are set, call before to see if they are still up for your visit.
• Stay 20 minutes - cut your visit short if he or she seems tired or in pain. Stay longer if they’re bored out of their mind. Be 100% there for them.
• Don’t look at your phone.
• Don’t wear much perfume. People can be extra sensitive to scents when ill.
• Wash your hands and explain what you’re doing so they don’t think you’re afraid of touching them. “Nick, let me wash my hands at your sink. Then I’m going to give you a big hug!"
• Go out when a nurse or doctor arrives. Say “Excuse me, Nick. Take your time. I’m going to be in the hall.”

What should I say?

• Be a listening ear, comforting the person, and sharing the warmth of friendship. That’s usually best done by doing very little talking and a lot of listening.
• Share news about people you both know.
• Talk about TV, movies, books or current events.
• Come to the hospital with a mental list of three or four topics to help talk about.
• Make plans with the person – something to look forward to.
• In your conversations, you don’t need to pretend all is well, but you don’t want to be Debbie Downer. Keep it light, but if they bring up the hard stuff, listen, pray with them, and talk about what they want to talk about.
• Always leave on a high note.

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Is It OK to Be Around People When You Have COVID?

Noah lyles competing in the olympics with covid has sparked the question.

Rachel Nania and Suzette Lohmeyer,

Noah Lyles’ name will likely go down in history as the American bronze medal winner of the 200-meter run at the Olympics — who competed with COVID-19. Impressive, absolutely. Controversial, definitely. 

Though he says he quarantined as soon as he tested positive, he was around trainers and other athletes when he ran. And fans of all ages filled the stands.  

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His decision made headlines: “Should Noah Lyles and Other Olympic Athletes Be Competing With COVID?” wrote Fortune, and “If Noah Lyles Had COVID, Why Was He Allowed to Compete in Paris?” asked The Hill. 

But why the backlash? Lyles didn’t break any rules. The U.S. Olympic and Paralympic Committee said in a statement that it followed all guidelines from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as well as local authorities and left it up to the individual athletes as to whether they were OK to compete.

The question seemed to be more along the lines of whether what Lyles did is socially acceptable considering he might have infected others. Is that … unkind? Dangerous to those especially at risk — older adults and the immunocompromised? What do we call it? And to be clear, he wasn’t the only athlete there with COVID, according to the World Health Organization; 40 others tested positive in the last two weeks. 

So how does the current culture around COVID match up with best practices? Should an Olympic athlete be expected to throw away four years of training and forgo the competition? The equivalent for us non-Olympic athletes is, say, missing your child’s wedding or a once-in-a-lifetime chance to meet your favorite rock star. 

During the height of the pandemic, the answer from experts would have been a resounding yes. But what about now?  

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Dealing with COVID in 2024 

“If you really want to not put others at any kind of risk, you’re going to have to sequester yourself for a period of time,” says William Schaffner, M.D., an infectious disease expert, spokesperson for the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases and professor of preventive medicine at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tennessee. 

According to the latest CDC guidelines, that isolation period should be until your symptoms are mild and improving and you’ve been fever-free for at least 24 hours without the use of fever-reducing medicine. Testing is now optional. After that, it’s recommended that people continue to take certain precautions — like wearing a mask and keeping a safe distance from others — for at least five days. 

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These days, however, it’s less common for people with COVID to adhere to the rules than during the early pandemic years, Schaffner notes, “because the infections are largely mild and people are, if you will, accustomed to COVID.”

That’s not to say COVID is no longer a threat. Cases are surging in most areas of the country; emergency room visits are rising and hospitalization rates remain elevated, especially among adults 65 and older, the CDC says. 

“We’re in the middle of this summer bump that we’re experiencing, which is quite noteworthy, even more than I anticipated,” Schaffner says. 

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How should older adults protect themselves from COVID? 

A few years ago, we expected everyone to test themselves for COVID before a big event and stay home if they were positive, says Rebecca Wurtz, M.D., an infectious disease physician and professor at the University of Minnesota School of Public Health. Now, that’s not the case. So “we have to assume that anybody at an event potentially has COVID and is potentially infectious, whether they know it or not.” 

With this in mind, you can do several things to lower your risk of getting COVID at a big event. “The first thing I would say, of course, is get vaccinated,” Schaffner says. In February, the CDC recommended that adults 65 and older get a second dose of the vaccine that was introduced last September — and it’s not too late to take advantage of this recommendation. 

Vaccines updated for 2024-2025 should be available in September, if not sooner, Schaffner says. And everyone 6 months and older should get the vaccine when it comes out, the CDC has said. 

“Then the second thing I would say is get out your mask,” Schaffner says. If you have COVID, a mask helps to keep your germs from reaching others. If you’re COVID-free — and want to keep it that way — a mask can keep you from breathing in germs, the CDC says. Snug-fitting masks like N95s and KN95s provide the best protection. 

Finally, practice some social distancing. If you’re at an event or family celebration, sub in air kisses for hugs, Schaffner says. “Because if you’re an older person with a chronic medical illness or two, clearly, should you become infected, you’re more likely to get serious” symptoms. 

He adds, “A lot of recommendations have to do with your own personal behavior. For example, I’ve been saying that right now, since there’s a lot of spread [of the virus] and there is an increase in hospitalizations, it’s a good time to stream a movie rather than going to the movies.”

And don’t just adopt these behaviors at an event. If you know you have something big and important coming up, mask up and practice other precautions in the weeks leading up to it. “This is the future that we all have to be careful about our own exposures leading up to an important event, and then be careful at events if we have a higher level of risk,” Wurtz says. 

Rachel Nania is an award-winning health editor and writer at aarp.org who covers a range of topics including diseases and treatments. Suzette Lohmeyer is the home, family and auto editor at aarp.org covering issues such as relationships, home decor and auto safety.

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Travel Tips: A Guide for Kidney Patients

For many patients who are on dialysis or have had a kidney transplant, the ability to travel is important to their self-esteem and lifestyle. Working patients may need to attend business meetings or conferences. Older patients may have dreamed of traveling during their retirement. A family event such as a wedding, graduation or family reunion may require travel away from home. At times, emergencies such as illness or a death in the family may require travel.

Is it possible for kidney patients to travel?

Yes, most patients who receive dialysis or have had a kidney transplant can travel safely and continue their treatment while away from home. Of course, you should always consult your doctor before planning to travel. Most doctors encourage travel if the patient's health is stable. Traveling can give a big boost to a patient's morale and sense of well-being.

How should hemodialysis patients begin to plan a trip?

Many dialysis centers have a staff member who is experienced in arranging dialysis treatments away from home (transient dialysis). Some centers will assist patients in making their own arrangements. Ask your social worker or primary nurse if there is such a person at your center.

It is important to start planning at least six to eight weeks in advance. More time should be allowed for popular vacation spots or travel during holidays. Be flexible about the dates for your trip as space in dialysis units may be limited. If you would prefer to have your treatments on specific days and at specific times, let the center know in advance. The unit may not always be able to honor your request, however, because space is limited.

You or your patient travel coordinator may need to contact more than one center in order to find a center that can provide dialysis for you. Check with the center as soon as you arrive to confirm your appointment. You may also want to visit the center and meet the staff so you will feel more comfortable. Before doing this, however, make an appointment with the social worker or nurse manager of the dialysis center you plan to visit.

How will I find a center to dialyze at?

If you plan to visit friends or family out of town, they may be able to give you the name and address of the dialysis center nearest them. Resource publications are available at your center listing dialysis centers around the world that are willing to accept transient dialysis patients. Your social worker or the patient travel coordinator at your center will be able to assist you.

What if I need to travel in an emergency?

Many dialysis centers make every effort to accommodate patients in the event of an emergency such as illness or death of a family member. Dialysis records can be faxed ahead, or you can hand carry them with you.

What information will my transient dialysis center need to safely provide dialysis for me?

Most dialysis centers require the following information in order to assess your health and plan for your treatments with them:

• the dates you need dialysis treatment
• your name, address, etc.
• medical history and recent physical exam reports
• recent lab results
• recent chest x-ray
• your dialysis prescription and 3 to 5 recent treatment records
• dialysis access type
• special needs or dialysis requirements
• information about your general health
• insurance information
• where you will be staying in the area
• a list of the medications you take during treatment and at home.

This information will be sent to your destination center for review. It is important for the doctor and transient center to know as much about you as possible in order to care for your needs while visiting their center. In addition to mailing your records to the center, you should hand carry a copy with you.

How can I be sure about the quality of care I will be getting away from my regular center?

You may want to ask the following questions when making your arrangements for hemodialysis during your trip:

• Does the center reuse dialyzers?
• Does the center reuse bloodlines?
• What is the average treatment length of dialysis at the center?
• Can they provide the treatment time your doctor has prescribed?
• What are the hours and days of operation? Traveling patients often are placed on an evening shift, which could end as early as 7:30 p.m. or as late as 2:00 a.m.
• What types of dialyzers are used?
• Can you use the same type of dialyzer you use at your home center?
• What types of dialysis machine does the center have (conventional, high flux capability)?
• Does the center routinely provide lidocaine?
• Are patients permitted to eat or drink while on dialysis?
• Is an ice machine available for patients?
• Is public transportation available to get to the center?
• How many patients are assigned to each nurse or patient care technician?
• Can you get all the medications you get at your home center during dialysis?

What if I get sick while I am visiting another center?

Don't overdo it! Be realistic when planning activities. Allow enough time to enjoy sightseeing outings and activities without becoming overtired. Also, be sure to watch your diet and fluid intake. Before you begin your trip, you will most likely have a doctor assigned to you by your transient dialysis center. Find out how to contact the doctor when you first arrive. If you do become ill, call the dialysis center or doctor as instructed.

It is possible that a transient patient may require hospitalization. If this should happen to you, your transient doctor is prepared for this possibility and will care for you during your hospital stay. He or she will probably talk to your regular doctor to coordinate your care. You may feel more comfortable to know if this coordination has taken place. Being hospitalized while away from home can be a stressful experience for any patient, and it certainly can change your travel plans. Preparing ahead for this possibility can help make the experience less stressful. The following suggestions may be helpful:

• Make sure your family knows your travel plans.
• Make sure you have important phone numbers with such names as your regular doctor, dialysis center, etc. Have a copy of your medical records with you while traveling.
• Make sure anyone who is traveling with you knows where you keep your records and what your medical needs are.
• Make sure to bring enough of the medications you need to take to last for the entire trip, with enough extra to deal with possible emergencies such as lost luggage or a spill. Also carry written prescriptions just in case.

Is home hemodialysis possible on a trip?

Yes, although most home hemodialysis patients make arrangements for in-center treatments while traveling. Patients who wish to continue doing their own treatment while traveling should check with their dialysis care team about whether they can do home dialysis away from home. Some patients travel with their machines, supplies and portable water treatment equipment. An example would be people who have dialyzed in campsites equipped with hook-ups for electricity.

Even if you do your own treatment, it is important to know where the closest dialysis center is where you could go for assistance. Let the center know when you will be in the area, and ask if they would be willing to provide medical assistance if needed. Carry complete medical information with you. Remember that most dialysis and equipment companies have toll-free numbers for assistance 24 hours a day. Carry these numbers with you.

What should peritoneal dialysis patients know about traveling?

Traveling is often easier for peritoneal dialysis patients because they are not dependent on the availability of a dialysis unit. Peritoneal dialysis patients still need to plan ahead and arrange for back-up medical care for their trips, as do hemodialysis patients. Typically, this would mean contacting a dialysis center in the area where you will be and asking if they would be available should a problem arise. The center may request a copy of your medical records in advance. In any case, you should always carry a copy of your records with you as well.

CAPD patients should carry enough supplies for the length of the trip, plus some extra supplies in case of problems. It may also be possible to arrange for delivery of supplies to your destination for longer stays. Make sure these supplies have arrived before you leave on your trip. CAPD patients also need to plan for adequate clean space where they may do their exchanges while traveling.

APD patients who plan to travel for one week or longer can arrange for supplies to be delivered to their destination. Smaller cycler machines are now available, which are easy to carry on airplanes and to use in hotel rooms, campers, etc.

Is it possible to travel if you are active on a transplant waiting list?

Yes. Simply inform your transplant coordinator about your travel plans. The coordinator will help you decide whether to be "on hold" during the trip or whether you would be able to return within a reasonable amount of time if a kidney became available. Arrange to be contacted in the event a kidney becomes available.

What should diabetic patients know about traveling?

Since the unexpected may happen during a trip and meals may be delayed, you should carry glucose tablets and appropriate snacks, such as low-potassium juice boxes or hard candy, to treat low blood sugar. It's a good idea to travel with a "brown-bag" lunch or a packaged nutritional supplement in case of delays. Managing your diabetes can be made simpler by having insulin, syringes and blood glucose monitoring supplies handy.

Will my insurance cover treatment during travel?

If Medicare is your primary insurance coverage, Medicare will pay for 80 percent of your treatment costs within the U.S. and its territories. You will be responsible for the remaining 20 percent not covered by Medicare. If you have secondary insurance, it may cover this 20 percent. However, you may have to pay this 20 percent "up front" and bill your insurance later. Check with the transient center about their policy on this. Most state Medicaid programs will not pay for treatment outside of your home state.

If you have commercial insurance as your primary insurance, you may need to request a letter from your insurance company stating they will pay for your treatment at the transient dialysis center. Some commercial insurance will pay for dialysis outside of the U.S. Transient dialysis centers will often call and verify this coverage themselves. Be sure to allow enough planning time to make these arrangements.

A doctor's fee may also be charged by the transient dialysis center. Be sure to ask what portion of this charge will be your responsibility.

Further information

Where can I get more information?

Following is a list of other resources you may find helpful:

• Easy Access to National Parks, by Sierra Club Books, available at bookstores or order from the Sierra Club at 1-800-935-1056.
• Management of Diabetes During Intercontinental Travel, available free from The Diabetic Traveler, P.O.. Box 8223 RW, Stamford, CT 06905; (203) 327-5832.
• "The List," a comprehensive list of international dialysis centers accepting transient patients. Available from Dialysis & Transplantation, 7628 Densmore Ave., Van Nuys, CA 91406-2088. (Most dialysis centers have a copy.)
• Also available are companies that specialize in vacation and travel planning for dialysis patients, such as cruises, foreign travel, and wilderness travel. Camps are available for dialysis and transplant patients (both adults and children). Contact your local National Kidney Foundation office for more information and a directory of camps. Your health care team can also give you more information about these options.

Don't forget!

• Hand carry essential medical information, your medicines and other medical supplies in case of the unexpected, such as lost luggage.
• Bring enough of your medications to last for your entire trip, with enough extra to deal with possible emergencies. Also carry written prescriptions just in case.
• If you need extra assistance boarding a plane or train, inform personnel when you check in so they can give you special instructions.
• If you are planning to travel by plane or train, make arrangements for any special meals such as low-salt, low-fat or diabetic, at the time you make your reservations.
• When making a hotel reservation, you can request a first-floor room or a handicapped-accessible room, if stairs or distances are a problem.
• If you use a travel agent, tell the agent about any special needs you may have, such as special meals, accessible rooms, and assistance while changing planes. The agent can also advise you about special considerations regarding safe transport of dialysis supplies while traveling to foreign countries.

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Disney says man can't sue over wife's death because he agreed to Disney+ terms of service

Disney is trying to have a widower's wrongful death lawsuit dismissed and sent to arbitration because the man had signed up for a Disney+ account several years ago.

Jeffrey J. Piccolo sued Disney Parks and Resorts in February, months after his wife, Dr. Kanokporn Tangsuan, died after she consumed food containing allergens at a restaurant in Disney World.

Piccolo said in his complaint that he, his wife and his mother went to dinner at Raglan Road Irish Pub and Restaurant at the resort in Orlando, Florida, on Oct. 5. They asked several times whether Tangsuan's allergies could be accommodated, according to the complaint. Despite the server’s having assured them, Tangsuan had a severe allergic reaction and died at a local hospital, the complaint said.

Disney filed court documents in May saying the $50,000 lawsuit should be dismissed and resolved by individual arbitration because of terms Piccolo agreed to when he signed up for a free trial of the streaming service Disney+. The filing also says he accepted the same terms when he used the Walt Disney Parks website to buy tickets.

Lawyers for the company said that users have to select checkboxes that hyperlink to the terms of use, as well as another that says they agreed to the terms. Users cannot select "Agree & Continue" if the boxes are not checked, the filing says.

The filing included a copy of its terms and conditions. A section titled "Disney Terms of Use" says that "any dispute between you and us, except for small claims, is subject to a class action waiver and must be resolved by individual binding arbitration."

A spokesperson for Disney told NBC News: “We are deeply saddened by the family’s loss and understand their grief. Given that this restaurant is neither owned nor operated by Disney, we are merely defending ourselves against the plaintiff’s attorney’s attempt to include us in their lawsuit against the restaurant.”

The company said that its “position in no way affects any wrongful death or other claims the plaintiff may have against the restaurant.” Disney added that arbitration is commonly recognized as quicker and less costly than litigation.

An attorney for Piccolo did not immediately respond to a request for comment Wednesday.

Piccolo's lawyers filed a response early this month, slamming Disney's reasoning for seeking a dismissal as "preposterous." They said he signed up for the Disney+ account on his PlayStation but believe he canceled it during the free trial.

"There is simply no reading of the Disney+ Subscriber Agreement which would support the notion that Mr. Piccolo agreed to arbitrate claims arising from injuries sustained by his wife at a restaurant located on premises owned by a Disney theme park or resort which ultimately led to her death," the attorneys said.

They went on to say that the "notion that terms agreed to by a consumer when creating a Disney+ free trial account would forever bar that consumer’s right to a jury trial in any dispute ... is so outrageously unreasonable and unfair."

His lawyers asked the court not to enforce arbitration.

Piccolo accused the Florida resort and a restaurant of negligence in his wife's death. He said in his complaint that they told the server at Raglan Road that Tangsuan, who was a physician with NYU Langone Health, had severe allergies. The server told the family that the food would be made allergy-free, according to the complaint.

The family ordered their meals and asked again about the food when the dishes came out without "allergen free flags," the complaint says. They were once again assured by the server, it says.

Not long after having eaten, Tangsuan began having trouble breathing, went into a nearby restaurant and collapsed. The complaint says she was having a "severe acute allergic reaction to the food served at Raglan."

Tangsuan used her EpiPen to help stop her allergic reaction while a bystander called 911, the complaint says. Her husband, who had gone back to their hotel room, was unaware of what was happening, it says. When Piccolo called his wife's cellphone, a bystander answered and told him she had been taken to the hospital, according to the complaint. When he arrived, he was told she had died, it says.

A medical examiner’s autopsy report cited in the complaint said Tangsuan died from anaphylaxis and had elevated levels of nut and dairy in her system. Her death was ruled an accident.

The suit, which names the restaurant and Disney Parks and Resorts as defendants, seeks $50,000 in damages.

Minyvonne Burke is a senior breaking news reporter for NBC News.

Dear Annie: Poor treatment by my brothers during a visit has me second-guessing invitations to visit friends

• Published: Aug. 18, 2024, 12:05 a.m.

The Cinderella Castle is seen at the Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World. Today's Dear Annie reader wishes their siblings acted more like their aunt who would plan special trips when guests arrived. (AP Photo/John Raoux) AP

• Dear Annie, Annie Lane

Dear Annie: My aunt relocated to Florida from Illinois with her husband. When her sisters would come for a visit, she would make a “Whoopee List.” It was a list of things to do with them while they were there, such as going to Disney World and other neat things!

Yes, we now live in a world that has changed greatly, but I try to remember to treat our guests like royalty, as my aunt did. I believe having good hospitality is even biblically based.

I’m the youngest of five. When I went to visit a couple of my brothers, they treated me the complete opposite of the way my aunt treated her sisters. I think one brother did not really want me there. I must say that I’m hesitant to ever visit them again.

I was very hurt by the way they treated me. And it is one of those lessons in life where we learn. I still do the polite things of sending birthday and Christmas cards, but the closeness is gone.

I have friends in Washington and Florida who have invited me, but I’m reluctant to even visit them. I think we all must make a note to treat visitors -- even those who show up unexpectedly at our front door -- kindly, politely and with genuine regard. We definitely know that when a family member or friend returns for another visit to our home, we did right with them on their previous visit.

I truly appreciate sharing this with you, and it helps me to write to you about this matter. It has been on my mind for years. -- Visiting Family and Friends

Dear Visiting Family: Your letter highlights one of the most important rules of life: the golden rule, which is to treat others as you would want to be treated. Whether that applies to a guest in your house or to any other situation in your daily life, you will be much happier and relaxed if you practice this rule. If your brothers don’t apply it, that’s their problem, not yours.

Dear readers: Annie is off this week. Today’s column previously ran in 2021.

Read other recent Dear Annie columns

• Dear Annie: Older mom stung by strangers’ questions
• Dear Annie: Should I have to pay for my son’s food when he’s visiting a friend’s house?
• Dear Annie: I have major boundary issues with my future in-laws
• Dear Annie: I haven’t heard from a friend in months and I’m getting worried
• Dear Annie: I’m worried about my grandma’s dangerous driving habits

View prior ‘Dear Annie’ columns

“How Can I Forgive My Cheating Partner?” is out now! Annie Lane’s second anthology -- featuring favorite columns on marriage, infidelity, communication and reconciliation -- is available as a paperback and e-book. Visit Creators Publishing for more information. Send your questions for Annie Lane to [email protected] .

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NEWS... BUT NOT AS YOU KNOW IT

Nurse lied about job role then offered two friends fake posts who uprooted lives

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A nurse who lied about her job role and offered two of her close friends fake posts in a ‘grandiose’ plan to deceive them has been struck off.

‘Calculated’ Kathryn Hill forged employment offer letters and sent them to two of her acquaintances in a two-year scheme which saw them uproot their lives and move to Southampton.

The ‘deceitful’ nurse lied about her own job role – telling her friends she had been promoted to care manager – and falsified documents by pretending to be bosses, including the Trust’s CEO.

After one of her friends, referred to as Person A, reported her actions, the nurse was investigated and her ‘elaborate course of dishonesty’ was exposed.

Now, following the events which were described as ‘extraordinary, she has been struck off at a Nursing and Midwifery Council [NMC] tribunal.

The NMC concluded Ms Hill had ‘deep-seated attitudinal problems’.

The tribunal heard Person A raised concerns to the NMC regarding Ms Hill’s behaviour between 2020 and 2022.

Ms Hill worked as a band six Neuro Nurse Practitioner at the University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust in Hampshire.

It was heard the nurse had used her NHS position, and Trust email account, to fraudulently offer Person A and her friend, Person B, a role within the Trust which did not exist.

The nurse claimed to have been promoted to a Care Group Manager (CGM) at the Trust and told them she had hiring and firing responsibilities for her department.

She forged documents from the Trust, including from the Chief Executive Officer, and sent these documents to Person A and Person B.

This led to Person A and Person B giving up their employment and moving to Southampton following Ms Hill’s promise of jobs.

It was heard the nurse also told her friends she had been involved in a court case with the Trust and the court had been ‘holding her money’.

Person A lent the nurse a ‘large amount’ of cash and said in an attempt to recover the money, Ms Hill created a false letter from Macmillan Cancer Support that she would be given £72,675.

Ms Hill had also claimed to Person A and Person B – who were ‘close friends’ of the nurse – that she had been offered a job at University of Chicago and invited them to attend and travel via a private plane with her.

The investigation found evidence of serious dishonesty over a significant period of time linked to Ms Hill’s employment.

The nurse was dismissed from her post at the Southampton hospital following a disciplinary hearing held in March last year.

Now, a professional tribunal has decided to strike her off the register.

Ms Hill admitted all of the charges against her but failed to offer any insight, or explicitly state, why she chose to deceive her friends.

In a statement, she told the panel that her nursing career has been an ‘extremely big part of my life for 12 years’ and said she was ‘held in high regard within my role’

‘There was never any question about my clinical ability or care of any patients, and I am extremely disappointed in my actions that have led to this investigation and suspension,’ she said.

The nurse said since her suspension, in December 2022, she has taken up a job as a senior carer and vowed to continue in her career as a carer with ‘honesty and integrity’.

The NMC said Ms Hill engaged in a set of ‘calculated and complex’ actions over a two year period.

‘That included forging multiple documents, impersonating professionals and abusing their position of trust within the Trust,’ the spokesperson said.

They said members of the public would be ‘appalled’ to learn of Ms Hill’s behaviour, and the committee found the nurse’s fitness to practise impaired.

The panel said the charges demonstrate a ‘pattern of dishonest behaviour’ which occurred over a significant period of time.

They said: ‘Ms Hill’s lack of insight and the references she made during her disciplinary hearing that she was good at ‘IT’ and that the forgery and falsification of emails and documents were easy for her to do, illustrated the level of deceit practised by her.

‘The level of complexity, and increasingly detailed and sustained dishonesty, which became grandiose over time, indicates a high risk of repetition.

‘The panel therefore decided that a finding of impairment is necessary on the grounds of public protection.’

They said her conduct showed a ‘repeated and calculated level of dishonesty’ and said a member of public would be ‘horrified’ to learn of her level of deception.

Get in touch with our news team by emailing us at [email protected] .

For more stories like this, check our news page .

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